After solving the immigration and construction plans for Kyushu and Ezo, the remaining construction planning for the Northeast hinterland and Sakhalin Island will be much easier. Because there is no problem of aboriginal people, you only need to plan directly on the map according to geographical needs.
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There is nothing much to say about opening up wasteland for local farming and further optimizing the breeding of cold-resistant varieties. The local governments can handle it themselves.
Although Cao Bianjiao and Huang Degong are now in their twilight years, they are both around fifty-five years old, with a difference of two or three years.
However, these forces will still be very powerful in controlling and executing the "Construction and Reclamation Corps" under their command. No matter how arduous the task of expanding border areas and cultivating fields is, they can continue to carry out the task without orders and prohibitions.
The money and food needed to expand the border can basically be solved by local self-sufficiency. The imperial court ensures that within the next ten years, it will not tax the local area and allow the local fiscal revenue to continue to be retained for its own use as funds for development and construction.
Military ration——
This was also the tone set when Cao Bianjiao became the Duke of the country. The imperial court promised them that as long as the two of them were alive, they would always do special things in the border areas and withhold taxes. But after their death, they would naturally be taken back to the imperial court.
power to avoid the formation of separatist regimes.
In this way, the only thing that needs the court's input is to send some researchers from the Daming Academy of Sciences in Nanjing to help with project planning and design, geographical survey, and further research on Hokkaido rice and rye varieties.
Optimized breeding and improvement.
To put it bluntly, the money, food, and personnel were all raised by the reclamation corps in the Northeast region themselves, and the imperial court only provided technical guidance.
But don’t underestimate this technical guidance. If used well, it can definitely make the construction of border areas twice the result with half the effort. Take the improvement of rice varieties in Hokkaido as an example. Ten years ago, when the Manchu Qing Dynasty was not destroyed, it was originally obtained from Ezo.
Hokkaido rice actually just has a good cold tolerance attribute, which can ensure that it will not freeze to death when planted in Northeast China.
But other than that, the other traits of the initial Hokkaido rice seeds are really bad. Needless to say, the yield alone is so pitiful that the yield per mu can only be guaranteed to be about 100 kilograms——
You know, at the turn of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the output of double-cropping rice in the south was almost more than 150 kilograms. If two crops were grown in a year, even if one of the seasons was slightly lower, at 100 kilograms, the total would still be 500 kilograms.
A pound of rice.
However, single-crop rice is grown in the Northeast, which has a long growing season. It is said that the yield in one season should be close to one and a half seasons in the South, and the yield should be about 400 kilograms per mu. However, the rice seeds just moved from Hokkaido actually only reach about half of the level.
During the two or three years of the Manchu Qing's rule, the barbarians were uneducated and did not know how to optimize improved varieties. They just did whatever they wanted. In the eight years after the Ming Dynasty established its rule in the Northeast, they did a little piecemeal work and increased the yield per mu.
Ten pounds,
Coupled with the fact that the Han people are good at deep plowing, they found that deep plowing of black soil and turning up the nutrient layer below has a very good effect. With the blessing of excellent fertility conditions, the yield per mu was finally increased to 300 kilograms.
Now for this seven-year plan, Zhu Shuren has repeatedly discussed with the professionals responsible for agronomic breeding at the Daming Academy of Sciences and approved the goals.
In the end, the staff of the Academy of Sciences felt that within seven years, if the investment was large enough and the control group observation experiments were conducted in sufficient detail, the seed yield per mu could be increased by another 100 kilograms to about 400 kilograms.
Because when we first invest in breeding, the room for improvement is always relatively large and the increase is relatively fast. The genes of natural original species are mixed, and it is easy to concentrate the dominant traits.
However, it will be more difficult to improve in the future. It may take another fifteen years to increase the yield from 400 kilograms per mu to 500 kilograms, and the follow-up is not guaranteed.
Zhu Shuren also knows that science must be respected and satellites cannot be placed indiscriminately, so he has given scientific researchers full autonomy. If they can increase Hokkaido rice production by 100 kilograms within seven years, even if it is just a test field, if not, give them more
It would be no problem to double the time limit and reach 400 kilograms by the end of the second seven-year plan. Zhu Shuren will not impose any pressure.
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After planning the food issue, the last remaining task that required technical support from the court was the water conservancy and shipping construction in Northeast China.
There is nothing much to say about water conservancy. Just send some water conservancy professionals who are good at dredging and renovating polders to go there. Silt out the swamps in several newly established centralized reclamation areas in the Songnen Plain in Northeast China, and dig out natural lakes that can be used to regulate floods and droughts.
Deep and easy to pour, these are basic operations.
The shipping rectification is mainly to further explore the depth of inland shipping channels and hydrological conditions of the Songhua River, Nen River, Tumen River and other water bodies in Northeast China. These data were originally blank, and a geological survey team was sent to sort them out, which will also facilitate future research in various parts of Northeast China.
Allocate materials between locations to reduce logistics costs.
The most arduous and important task in the shipping rectification work is to survey the Heilongjiang estuary channel, as well as the Tatar Strait channel between the Heilongjiang estuary and Kuye Island, the siltation situation, and the annual freezing season.
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Because so far, when the Ming Dynasty wants to explore and develop the Northeast, the northernmost part has mainly stayed in the Songnen Plain, and has not been able to go further north to the main stream of Heilongjiang.
So far, on both sides of the main stream of Heilongjiang, there are still hundreds of thousands of remnants of fishing and hunting people similar to the Manchus who fled north, as well as some Kurun people and Eke/Chen people.
After the Ming Dynasty had Hokkaido rice seeds and Kuye Island rye, it was actually possible to grow food on the south bank of Heilongjiang.
Even on the north bank of Heilongjiang, if you only plant a season of soybeans from late spring to early autumn, you can still make use of it, but it is impossible to plant rice because it is too cold.
The biggest problem why it has not been opened up yet is the lack of direct water network transportation between the main stream basin of the Heilongjiang River and the Songnen Plain - the Heilongjiang River eventually flows into Japan from the Tartar Strait across the northern section of Kuye Island.
It is at the junction of the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Okhotsk. The navigators of the Ming Dynasty had visited that place before, but they had not explored the waterway.
If this road is thoroughly explored, and a port town is even established at the mouth of the Heilongjiang River, then the Ming Dynasty's control over the Heilongjiang Basin will be completely stable.
Otherwise, twenty years later, when a series of troubles hit Yaksa and Nerchinsk, we would still have to face the dilemma of "difficulties in supplying the army in the Heilongjiang Basin."
Zhu Shuren had already thought of the name of the town at the mouth of Heilongjiang River, so he didn't have to worry about it. He just used the name "Temple Street" historically used after Nerchinsk in the Qing Dynasty (the name of Temple Street was not used until 1858 in history.
Later, due to a series of treaties, it was renamed Nikolayevsk)
Let’s take a look at other key points along the route, and we can talk about the rest later.
It doesn’t even matter if the local towns are built to be inhabitable only for half a year to eight months, and people need to go back to areas slightly south to concentrate in winter and early spring. Or they can build “township houses” with centralized heating in the Northeast in winter.
A kang with a connected flue can be burned.
Anyway, the current purpose of the Ming Dynasty is just to occupy a pit first, not to ask these border areas with harsh environment to provide the court with any value of taxes, money and food. As long as they can support themselves, there is no need to hand over anything.
Even the Songnen Plain in the hinterland of the Northeast demanded that "after Huang Degong passes away, he must pay taxes to the court as normal." In the main stream of Heilongjiang, the Zhushu people were even allowed to extend it for another generation.
After Huang succeeds, he will send a town general he trusts to supervise him, and then allow him not to pay taxes to the court for the rest of his life, so that it can be delayed for another thirty years. I believe that time and development will eventually overcome all technical difficulties.
…
The Jiangning Conference, which involved the new emperor's new policies after he ascended the throne, lasted for more than two months, and it was not until July of the first year of Xiaokang that it came to an end.
After this grand meeting that set the tone for the next twenty years/three seven-year plans of the Ming Dynasty, the important ministers in the court and the main generals who were burdened with tasks felt a lot more at ease. At least they knew what they should do.
There is no need to worry about the imperial decree changing at night.
Time flies very quickly. With the arrival of July, the spirit and instructions of the meeting have been distributed to various places. The Ministry of Household Affairs has also discussed the preliminary implementation of the "Abolition of Ding Separation" reform ordered by His Highness the Regent, and in Yingtian Mansion
Within the scope, pilot implementation will begin this year.
The specific reform content of the New Deal was posted simultaneously in the city of Nanjing and at Shenming Pavilions in counties, towns and villages outside the city on the first day of July. The people were given a month to learn and understand the relevant changes. People in Hucao were also given registration for the separation of workers and peasants.
A buffer time.
When the one-month period expires, on the first day of August, when the court begins to collect summer grain taxes, this new law will be officially implemented. The public notice period of this month is for the people to go to each county to register again.
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If it were to be placed in a remote place, it would be necessary to re-mark all the people's household registrations as "industrial/agricultural" within a month, and check and apportion the number of acres corresponding to the agricultural registrations. Of course, this would be impossible.
However, Yingtianfu, where Nanjing is located, is the most prosperous district after all. All counties within the territory have convenient transportation and are a land of plenty.
The rate of literacy among the people is also very high, and they can quickly understand policies. There is no need for subordinate officials to go to the countryside to explain all kinds of words, so all this work can be done relatively quickly.
In just over half a month, preparatory registration work in various places was carried out.
…
Zhu Shuren has a lot of things to do, and he doesn't have time to worry about too many details. However, he personally advocated the new law, and occasionally asked a few questions.
So on July 15th, the Ghost Festival, taking advantage of his free time during the festival, he summoned people from Yingtian Mansion and asked them to give a rough report on the progress of Hucao's latest statistical work.
Of course, the Yingtian Mansion should pay attention to the matters that the Regent is concerned about, so Yin Sunjiaji of the Yingtian Mansion personally went to the Prince of E's Mansion to report on his work. This was also an opportunity to show his face in front of the big leaders. Anyone who is interested in an official career would give it up in vain.
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Just like in the workplace in later generations, even if the specific work is not usually done by the department manager, when he goes to the big boss to report PPT, the department manager must be in high spirits.
Sun Jiaji is not young yet, he is already in his fifties this year. He was a Jinshi in the tenth year of Chongzhen, one year earlier than Zhu Shuren, who was a Jinshi in the thirteenth year of Chongzhen.
Historically, this talent was not well-known for his talent, but he had good integrity. When the Qing army invaded Jiangnan, he originally followed the King of Lu's regime to resist the Qing Dynasty. In the end, he was defeated, injured, and died of grief and anger. Now it can be considered as a result of the butterfly effect, and he has lived longer.
Over the past ten years, it has gradually climbed to its current position.
Even though Yingtian Fuyin is just a prefecture-level official, he is still a local official in the capital, and he may not be able to replace him even if he is given to a governor outside.
After Zhu Shuren summoned him, he briefly asked Sun Jiaji about the registration status of the "worker and peasant separation".
Sun Jiaji came here after doing his homework and immediately answered in detail:
"Counties responded enthusiastically to the prince's good governance, and people were very active in registering and dividing their registrations. In just half a month, 50% to 60% of the people came to the household to confirm their registration. The best performer among them was Liyang County, which has already registered
Nearly 80%.”
Zhu Shuren was a little surprised: "So many people have taken the initiative to register for separation? Is there any attempt to force the people? What will happen to those who have not registered after the expiration date?"
Sun Jiaji cheered up and said: "There is no forced apportionment in each county because they have repeatedly preached the benefits of the New Deal to the people. If they have not thought about it well, they will have to go to the household to make a mark on the yellow book and promise that they have no industrial and commercial industry."
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In this case, the rural registration will be automatically tentatively registered, and the once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for each person to change the registration will not be used. If you want to change after a few years, you can still change it. Only those who clearly have a workshop and a business name in their name do not want to register.
Only if the person is found out in the future will he be pursued for tax evasion.
Moreover, it has been previously agreed by the Ministry of Household Affairs that this year is a pilot project and there are only two months from issuance to implementation. It may be too late to hastily change the lower limit of taxable land area for farmers with rural registration. Therefore, there is no lower limit for land tax area this year. Taxation can be compared with last year.
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In this way, people with rural registration will benefit this year, which means that the land tax has not increased at all, but the Ding tax has been completely exempted. Only people with worker registration will pay the Ding tax. The only increase in rural registration is the grain for labor, but this
The Xiang New Deal is highly supported by the people, and perhaps only a handful of gentry feel that it is unseemly to receive food from one person...but it is all under control."
Sun Jiaji gave a rough description of the situation. The "no minimum land tax area limit this year" he mentioned was also a temporary measure.
Because Zhu Shuren said at the Jiangning meeting at the beginning that in the future, "those with an average cultivated land area of less than ten acres of paddy fields will have to pay grain according to the lower limit of ten acres of paddy fields." Now it is too late to recalculate, so last year's tax payment will be used
According to the area and the actual number of acres of land listed in the yellow book, the tax will be paid according to last year's fixed tax amount.
People who own less than ten acres of land per household will make a net profit this year. This is also a transitional measure to boil the frog in warm water. Put the matter aside first.
Of course, the grain substitute must be paid extra. This must be paid, because this is for farmers to replace the labor force, and the people are very happy to pay more for the convenience.
In particular, Yingtian Mansion is a prosperous place. The money the locals earn from doing private work for one and a half months is definitely more valuable than the rations given to the imperial court. So it is better to go out and work as part-time workers for one and a half months, and then use part of the wages to be exempted from military service.
At this point, it actually goes back to the Tang Dynasty's old way of renting mediocre regulations. If you give money or food, you don't have to do corvee, and the government spends money to hire people to do corvee.
Zhu Shuren had no objections to these statements. The only thing he was interested in after listening to this were two small points: "You said that even in Yingtian Mansion, under the emperor's feet, there are gentry who feel that it is shameful to pay for the rations?"
Sun Jiaji did not dare to hide it: "Your Highness, please understand that our dynasty has enjoyed the preferential treatment of 'tax-free and exempt from military service' for hundreds of years. Although we still don't have to let the scholars serve, they still have to pay food in lieu. There are still many people who are resentful. But the humble position
We will definitely try our best to suppress them and severely punish the lawbreakers."
When Zhu Shuren heard this, he did not mean to blame him at all. Instead, he said: "After all, it is a pilot project, so there is no need to worry too much. Secondly, I remember that you were a Jinshi in the 10th year of Chongzhen, one year earlier than Gu. You are getting older.
, some things that offend people can be left to the people below."
After hearing this, Sun Jiaji actually shuddered slightly. He suddenly realized that the regent was planning to take heavy action, but he did not want to draw hatred from the people. He did not want to promote Chao Cuo and his like to take the blame.
Throw it away?
Fortunately, Zhu Shuren did not dare to respond when he saw him pondering, and did not let him wait any longer. Zhu Shuren quickly asked the next question:
"I have another question - you just mentioned that Liyang County is the fastest in registration and has already completed 80% of the registration. Are there any skills involved and are there any outstanding officials?
Is there any specialization in the art? As the Yin of Yingtian Mansion, you should coordinate the overall affairs of Yingtian Mansion and personally pay attention to the specific implementation. How can I do that? It is said that a gentleman does not have weapons, and he knows the music and officials, but he does not understand the music. Those who judge the music are afraid that they will be deaf.
Yu Guanye."
Sun Jiaji had completely understood the implication. He knew that the regent asked him not to rush for credit. This was a hot potato, so he asked him to specifically appoint talents and appoint officials who had done well in Hucao, so as to give him more power to attract hatred.
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So he answered directly: "Among the pilot projects, there are indeed officials from prefectures and counties who have performed outstandingly. Their humble positions must be listed in detail, and they dare not be greedy for merit, so that they can be promoted by His Highness.
As for Liyang County, it is indeed the best performer in Yingtian Prefecture at present. It can complete 80% of the registration of workers and peasants, all because of the meticulous work of the local household officials.
When I went to inspect and investigate, I saw that local households had set up service points in every town and town so that people could handle matters nearby. There were not enough civil servants to preach the New Deal.
They made some templates in advance for people to copy the formats. They also added graphic explanations to the format text, so that they only need to explain the minimum content, so that people can complete the registration as soon as possible, and it can also eliminate the problem of farmers with tax registration.
Worries about increasing the burden.
After returning from his humble duty of inspecting Liyang, he felt that this method was good, so he promoted it to other counties in Wenyingtian Prefecture, and the registration progress was also improved overall."
Zhu Shuren nodded: "One death is a kind of progress. Even if it just means that the people have to travel less to do things and ask fewer questions, it is also a kind of good governance. Such people should be promoted. Go back and replace those who have made meritorious deeds."
I have prepared my resume in detail. If I am truly motivated and not afraid of offending others, I will naturally give them a chance."
Sun Jiaji sighed inwardly, wondering whether the prince really wanted to use both kindness and power to promote a few "cruel officials" to help promote the reform.