Two days later, Galdan brought more than 100,000 Junggar cavalry to the outside of the Datong Youwei Shahukou Great Wall, and launched the siege as planned. [.\nCOM Situ updated the most complete and comprehensive chapter, with error-free content repairs
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Although he claims to have 300,000 troops, it is impossible for such a large number of troops to be in one group at all times. Therefore, when encountering a strong attack, one will always be divided into those who come first and those who arrive first.
Besides, even if 300,000 people gathered together, the position outside the Great Wall at Shahukou would not be able to accommodate so many people attacking at the same time, and the troops would not be able to deploy at all.
When Galdan arrived at the Killing Pass, there were indeed less than four thousand Ming troops defending the opposite side. Because until Galdan took action, the Ming army did not know which weak point he would choose to attack.
This is normal, because the Ming army has more than one weak point, and the Junggar cavalry comes and goes like the wind. Even if it seems to be maneuvering in a certain direction, in fact, if it runs for an hour or two more, it may be three or five times further apart.
Shili attack point.
As for Zheng Chenggong, who was in charge of the center, he could only choose to sit in the main city of Datong first. After knowing where the situation was tight, he quickly sent troops to reinforce it, and even went to supervise the battle in person.
Fortunately, the Junggar troops are all cavalry, so they do not have the ability to directly attack fortresses. To break through the city wall, in the final analysis, they have to rely on the artillery accompanying the army. And the traction and deployment of the heavy artillery positions will waste most of the day.
This led to the fact that when the Junggar heavy artillery officially opened fire, the Ming army's troops inside the walls of Datong Youwei Kill Hukou Pass had increased to 6,000.
Galdan tried to let the "Camel Light Artillery" accompanying the army come forward to suppress the attack with fire, but he soon discovered that this decision was very wrong.
Because even at a small and remote checkpoint like Youwei Shahukou, the Ming army still deployed more than a dozen artillery pieces on the pass wall. Among them, there were about seven or eight Hongyi cannons and ten Qianjin Folang machines. These cannons should all be
It was cast at least thirty or forty years ago and belongs to the inventory during the war to destroy the Qing Dynasty.
After all, the Great Wall is so long. Even if the Ming Dynasty cast new cannons in recent years, it could only refit important passes in the Great Wall such as Yanmen Pass and Zhangjiakou. And those weak small passes that stretch for thousands of miles will last for thirty to fifty years.
The old cannon at the front is also normal.
Even these less than twenty artillery pieces, with the support of a rigorously designed cross-fire network and new type of shells with cartridge holders, still knocked the Dzunggar Camel Artillery Battery to its knees.
Galdan's camel cannons can generally only tow light cannons with a dead weight of no more than one thousand kilograms, or they can carry new Rakshasa light cannons similar to Folang machines weighing three hundred kilograms. These cannons may have good firing efficiency, but
The range is really too close, so shooting against the city wall is extremely disadvantageous.
After losing hundreds of camels, Galdan no longer dared to fight with firepower like this, but obediently waited for the siege heavy artillery position with the advantage of range to be completed.
Finally, the Junggar Army established an advantage in range and firepower, but the determination of the Great Wall defenders to fight to the death remained undiminished. As time went by, reinforcements from the main city of Datong gradually arrived, and the Ming army in the killing tiger's mouth also surpassed
Eight thousand people.
Galdan saw that the heavy artillery bombardment of the city was still not fast enough. Even if the city wall here had not been modified to resist artillery, it would probably take several days to break through.
In order to buy time, he had no choice but to choose a multi-pronged approach. While letting some of the heavy artillery continue to bombard accurately with new solid iron bullets with bullet holders, he also detached some of the light artillery to cover the city head with shotguns, suppressing the defenders from firing on the wall.
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Then he urged the Khalkha Mongolian troops who had just been brought in by Zhuangding to come forward with rattan shields and other temporary defenses. They frantically excavated the rammed earth inside the city wall after the outer layer had collapsed due to shelling, then filled it with gunpowder and tried to blast it.
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After two full days of tossing and attacking in turns, and losing countless cannon fodder troops and covering firepower, Galdan finally traded his life for time and frantically broke through many passes of the Killing Tiger's Pass Great Wall.
During this process, the Ming army was not afraid of shotguns and repeatedly climbed up the wall to use superior firepower to condescendingly kill the Junggar army. The two sides had an exchange ratio of almost one to ten. However, considering the absolute quality advantage of the Ming army's firearms, they still defended the city.
It is also completely appropriate.
After the city wall was breached, Galdan suddenly discovered that during the three days he was preparing to attack the city and the formal attack at all costs, the Ming army had repaired simple rammed earth breastworks and random walls inside the Shahukou Pass wall.
A horse-proof trench spread with simple pear antlers.
Although the fortifications are very crude and seem to be of low quality and even the rammed earth has not been tamped down, the Ming army has more than one deep defense line. Within the defense line, there are countless soldiers carrying Wuchang-made muskets and rifled sniper rifles, all with shining bayonets.
, wearing a shining breastplate.
Facts have proved that in the face of a huge number of muskets equivalent to the level of the late 18th century, especially the convenient muskets that can load as many as five rounds per minute, or the breech-loading spray guns with fifteen rounds per minute, even if the cavalry breaks through
Once the city wall is broken, it is absolutely impossible to achieve a new rapid breakthrough.
Galdan couldn't swallow it, vomited and couldn't let it go. After breaking through the wall of Shahukou, he continued to attack fiercely for a day, frantically using Junggar cavalry to tear at the Ming army's trench musket defense line, and occasionally faced the Ming army.
The artillery fire from the rear covered the area, and the casualties were horrific.
The antler pits in front of the trenches were gradually filled with the corpses of Junggar cavalry and war horses. Although the Ming army continued to suffer casualties, the absolute advantage exchange ratio and Zheng Chenggong's personal visit to supervise the battle made the Ming army morale high.
Fight to the death and drag the Junggar tribe into this meat grinder.
As the sun went down, the mincing gradually subsided, and Galdan had no choice but to let the troops rest for a night before attacking again tomorrow.
Little did he know that it was this night's rest that prevented him from returning home with most of his sons.
Because early the next morning, he discovered that Li Dingguo had encircled a large circle of encirclement and suppression troops. They had already circled back to his side from the east and west wings. On the grassland with a radius of hundreds of miles in front of the killing tiger's mouth, he pulled out a very large
of loose surroundings.
When Galdan first heard that Li Dingguo was going around to outflank and cut off the road, it was still incredible in his heart. Because he knew very well that if his hundreds of thousands of troops were twisted into one force to kill, the camp would be able to stretch for at least a hundred miles.
If the opponent wants to outflank him, he will definitely not be able to pull the same number of troops to a point at the same time. There will definitely be a first-come, first-served approach, and it will become a fueling tactic - wouldn't it mean that he will die in vain?
And the facts seem to prove Galdan's deduction, because after he sent out scouts to investigate carefully, he received a report that Li Dingguo's first outflanking troops who rushed to the battlefield were only about 40,000 people in size, with each side on the east and west wings.
There are only more than 20,000.
Perhaps there are more outflanking reinforcements in the rear of the Ming army, but it is obvious that the Ming army cannot equip an army of more than 100,000 with a number of men and horses to quickly march around the rear. The subsequent Ming army reinforcements will definitely be slightly less mobile and will be out of touch.
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In this way, as long as I am decisive enough, wouldn't I be able to defeat the Ming army in every possible way and swallow up the more than 10,000 Ming army defenders left in the tiger's mouth, plus the 40,000 cavalry that Li Dingguo sent up in advance for free?
Galdan immediately and decisively adjusted his tactics. Anyway, he had a lot of troops, so he didn't need too many people to attack the tiger's mouth. He just left some troops to fight in turns.
Galdan himself immediately sent a message to all the ministries to assemble. In just a few hours, he notified an army of more than 100,000 and nearly 200,000 cavalrymen, who were specially divided to attack Li Dingguo's intercepting cavalry.
Galdan thought very well: I will attack you with nearly 100,000 people on each route, Li Dingguo, with 20,000, and you won’t be able to capture him easily?
Even if you, Li Dingguo, still have a rear army and can arrive on the battlefield in a day or two, but in a day or two your vanguards of 20,000 each on the left and right will have been eaten and wiped out by me. If I send another batch, then fight.
It's become a fueling tactic.
Before the invention of radio, the party that launched a joint attack in external operations would always have to bear the disadvantage that "all participating troops could not arrive at the battlefield at the same time."
This was proven as early as thirty years ago, when more than 100,000 cavalrymen from the four armies of the Ming Dynasty joined forces to defeat Hauge in the final battle. It was only people like Zhu Wenzhen and Li Yu who held Hauge back.
Even when the friendly forces were in place to encircle them, they were not defeated. And this situation happened again today.
Galdan and Li Dingguo quickly entered into a swarming frontal and bloody fight. Li Dingguo also immediately used the new musket cavalry to teach Galdan, "Even if you buy the latest musket from the Rakshasa Kingdom, your musket cavalry will follow
The Ming dynasty's musketeers are still not the same thing."
…
In the past, when a small group of light cavalry with muskets and one man and multiple horses were used to harass, Li Dingguo was able to equip his subordinates with one man and two guns to coordinate with snipers and sprays.
But now that more than 40,000 cavalry are dispatched at every turn, they cannot be equipped with such a high level of equipment. Therefore, in today's battle, the main force of the Ming army's cavalry is still one man with one gun, either a sniper or a spray gun, choose one of the two.
When the two armies were about to come into contact, Li Dingguo immediately commanded the Ming army's dragoons armed with snipers to dismount and form a long and narrow musket array. Facing the Dzungar cavalry who were at least three to five hundred steps away, they fired wildly.
At the same time, let the Ming army's melee cavalry with spray guns be deployed on both wings to prevent the Junggar cavalry from charging in a roundabout way.
After years of training and actual combat, Li Dingguo has already mastered the application of various firearms. He knows that the power of rifled guns lies in precise shooting, so if he can stand still on the ground and shoot, he should not challenge the bumpy and random shooting on horseback.
Otherwise, the probability advantage of killing the enemy three hundred steps away will be wasted.
After more than thirty years of development, the original front-loading breech-loading sniper rifle of the Ming Army took several minutes to reload. After these years of improvements, progress has been very rapid, and it has been reduced to thirty seconds.
If you fire one gun, you can fire two rounds in one minute——
Don’t underestimate this number. This is already faster than the 1800 Baker rifled sniper rifle used by the British during the Napoleonic Wars. Because there was no smokeless gunpowder in the West, even the new scatterguns invented during the Napoleonic Wars could only
Can shoot as fast as one point and five shots per minute.
The current rate of fire of the Daming rifled gun is the result of the addition of smokeless gunpowder and fixed ammunition. After firing, there is no solid residue of gunpowder in the chamber, which can save the need for clearing the chamber, which saves more money than the 1800 Baker model.
Drop ten
few seconds.
It is only because of the cost and production limitations of nitrocellulose smokeless gunpowder that the Daming rifled gun is still not popular among the entire army. The biggest advantage of the cheap "Wuchang-made" smoothbore gun is that it can always use old-fashioned black powder ammunition, and logistics supplies are cheap.
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Li Dingguo's dragoon cavalry dismounted and spear formation tactics quickly shocked the Dzungarian cavalry. Because in two rounds per minute, the Mongolian cavalry could still fire at a terrifying range and rate of fire from a distance of up to three to five hundred steps. The Junggar cavalry was stunned.
Before engaging the enemy, they became good at singing and dancing, and were harvested and killed in rows.
"How is that possible? The latest Rakshasa musket I use can't even hit half the range of the Ming people! How can they shoot so far, so accurately, and so fast?"
Seeing the tragic situation of his subordinate, Galdan doubted life at close range for the first time.
He finally saw the irrefutable evidence with his own eyes and saw the Rakshasa guns and cannons he relied on, so he bullied and bullied the natives of other Central Asian steppe countries and Qinghai-Tibet.
"Hurry up! Charge up and engage in close combat with the Ming cavalry! Crush their spear array! The archers harass first to attract firepower! The musketeers charge directly, and when they come forward, they release a row of guns and then kill them!" The middle-level cavalry officers of the Junggar Department, at any rate
He still knew how to fight and immediately adjusted his tactics.
"Kill! Charge up and engage the Ming cavalry in close combat! Get close and fire! Don't worry about reloading! After knocking off the bullets, just charge with the saber!"
On the chaotic grassland outside Shahukou, more than 100,000 cavalry soldiers were fighting in a chaotic mess.
The Dzungarian cavalry, whose morale was low and doubtful about their life, was completely consumed by the rifled guns. They completely lost their determination. They were like wild beasts whose primitive bloodthirst was ignited. They charged at them in a killing spree regardless of the rules.
However, Li Dingguo had already ordered his tens of thousands of spray bayonet cavalry to prevent outflanking on the left and right wings. When he saw the Junggar cavalry rushing towards them, he responded tit-for-tat without showing any weakness.
Compared with face-to-face confrontation, the Ming cavalry never gave up!
The Dzungars can shoot at most in the face and then draw their weapons to kill them, but ours is a double-barreled shotgun! And it can be reloaded five times a minute on horseback! If it is a revolver, it can be reloaded within ten seconds.
Fired six times!
The Junggar people have not specially prepared ammunition for today's special fighting environment, so they use shotguns instead of shotguns. They have to take into account both long-range and melee firepower. If they prepare shotguns, once the battle becomes long-range
If they shoot each other, they will be completely destroyed.
This is like playing a chicken game. When you bring two guns, you can snipe and match the trolls. But if you can only bring one gun and bring the trolls, you will make yourself uncomfortable, and the enemy will be completely
You can use your range advantage to deal damage in vain.
However, when someone with 98K and someone with S686 play charge and face-to-face, what will it be like? I can’t even imagine it.
"Bang, bang, bang—" the roar of the shotgun quickly resounded throughout the battlefield.
The spray cavalry on both wings of the Ming army were as powerful as mad tigers and as solid as rocks. They blasted the enemy that was several times or even ten times the size of the incoming attack, making them unable to find their way back.
After both sides fired their first round of fire, Li Dingguo's men could even use roundabout kites similar to the Parthian tactics of the traditional horse archer era, quickly reloading on horseback, try to keep a distance, and spray a few more rounds.
Although the Dzungar cavalry can charge with all their might and is slightly faster than the Ming cavalry who need to take into account the stability of loading. But both sides are in a running state of chasing and escaping. To catch up with the last few dozen steps, it still takes a long time.
A few minutes, at least a minute.
In such a short period of time, the Ming army could actually reload five rounds of ten bullets for the trolls on horseback. How could they fight this battle?
Countless Junggar cavalrymen were killed on the spot by kites flying back to their horses. They were covered in blood and over 10,000 of them lay dead.