Jia Liu did not want to divide the land to each household on a whim, but the current situation of Zhili land forced him to divide the land.
There is no way, the Eight Banners occupy too much land in Zhili.
In the early days of the Republic of China, the land enclosure was based on an area of 500 miles from Beijing, starting from Shanhaiguan in the east, Taihang Mountain in the west, the Great Wall in the north, and Shunde Prefecture in the south. There were three large-scale land enclosures, totaling 190,000 hectares in 77 prefectures and counties directly under the Central Government.
Fertile farmland.
One hectare equals one hundred acres of land, which means that the total number of good land owned by the Eight Banners within the Zhili Province is now over 19 million acres.
How many areas are there in Zhili Province?
When Jia Liu was in Baoding, the chief minister, Lao Yang, made a special report on land and finance.
As for land, the statistics of the Chief Minister Si Hufang show that 52% of the total fertile land in the province is flag land, and the rest is civilian land.
The total number of fertile farmland in the province is about 36 million acres.
In other words, Jia Liu, the six-province and eleven prefectures under the jurisdiction of the direct governor-general, apart from Guangping and Daming Prefectures in the south, are dotted with Eight Banners farms, accounting for about half of them.
All the land in the prefectures and counties 300 miles away from Beijing is owned by the Eight Banners, and there is not even an acre of civilian land!
Half of the fertile land within the territory has become flag fields. This results in the provincial area including northern Henan, all of Hebei, eastern Shanxi, most of Inner Mongolia, and all of Tianjin. Zhili obviously has nearly one million square kilometers of land, but its tax revenue is far less than that in the south.
The much smaller Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces are not even as good as their neighbors Shandong, Henan, and Shanxi.
In terms of fiscal revenue, Zhili's annual treasury tax is less than 4 million taels, including salt tax, customs duties, tea tax and mineral tax, etc.
It ranks sixth among all provinces in the country in terms of treasury tax collection, with the top five being Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Shanxi, and Henan.
The highest land tax on grain, salt, and customs duties in Jiangsu Province totaled more than 9 million taels.
The second-placed Zhejiang Cliff dropped to only 4.2 million taels, only half of Jiangsu’s.
In the past few years, Sichuan's fiscal revenue was less than one million taels, and it ran a deficit every year, which required funds from wealthy provinces to maintain it.
That is, financial transfers from later generations.
The data was not fabricated by Jia Liu. It was made public by the Ministry of Revenue. The provincial governors and administrative offices of each province had corresponding reference data. It can be said that the proportion of tax receipts in each province was also a reference standard for the imperial court to compare governors and governors in various regions.
As a super large province with nearly one million square kilometers of land and a population of nearly 30 million, Zhili's tax revenue is obviously not high.
The root cause is that half of the land was divided among more than one million bannermen.
Apart from urban residents, 70% of the more than 28 million Zhili people either work as farm workers in Eight Banners farms or live on rented land from bannermen.
There are also some Han people who, in order to avoid taxes, directly invest their land to the bannermen. The total amount of this land is more than 3 million acres.
Compared with the tenants who rented land from bannermen, the Han people who surrendered had a better life because they did not have to pay regular taxes to the court.
The first reason for investing is to prevent being occupied and losing both people and land;
The second is to avoid taxes and gain benefits.
The fundamental reason for the demise of the Ming Dynasty was because of the inability to collect taxes, and the reason for the inability to collect taxes was that a large amount of land was given to the distinguished gentry class.
The land owned by the gentry class was not taxed, or paid less tax. This was the preferential treatment given by Emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty to scholars, and he did not want it to become the source of the country's ruin.
This was accompanied by a large number of hidden households who were willing to work as tenants for the gentry in order to avoid taxes.
The official population statistics of the Ministry of Household Affairs of the Ming Dynasty was only over 60 million, but the number of hidden households was three times the official figure, reaching nearly 200 million people.
This is also the origin of the debate among later historians about the population of the Ming Dynasty.
One group concluded that the population of the Ming Dynasty was 250 million based on various policies of the Ming Dynasty, and then based on the Qing Dynasty's own historical records and related historical materials that flowed abroad, they calculated that the Han population decreased by more than 100 million after the Qing army entered the customs.
It is the most serious extinction event in Chinese and foreign history.
One group insists that the population of the Ming Dynasty was only over 60 million, which can explain why by the 18th year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, the national population was only 13 million.
After decades of war, it was obviously the Han people who killed each other, leading to a sharp decline in the population. What happened to the Qing soldiers?
Due to the need for unity, data on the population of more than 60 million in the Ming Dynasty were everywhere and appeared in various books. They completely ignored the fact that the Ming Dynasty had a population of 60 million at the beginning of the country. As a result, it has not increased or decreased after more than 200 years.
It's not ridiculous.
In order to settle the dispute, the peacemakers gave a population of 150 million and admitted that the Qing army did cause disaster to China's population after entering the customs, but how many, specific, cannot be said.
The history of the Southern Ming Dynasty is basically covered in one stroke.
There is no other way. After talking about it, verifying it, and researching it, contradictions will easily arise.
Some history should be remembered, and some should not be remembered.
Across the Yangtze River, more than 300,000 people died on the other side, and 700,000-800,000 people died on this side. Which one should be remembered?
The three southwestern provinces were completely deserted, and even Hong Chengchou begged the court not to let the soldiers kill people. How could this kind of thing be reflected in the textbooks?
Of course, Jia Liu must not keep history in mind too much, because he also needs to look forward.
After all, it has been a hundred years, and he has also killed many thugs cultivated by the Fourth Japs, and also made it impossible for the Fourth Japs to leave the Yongshou Palace.
I can’t say I’m satisfied, but I feel a little bit of a sense of accomplishment anyway.
The Eight Banners took half of the land in Zhili, which naturally made Zhili’s tax revenue less than that of other provinces.
The number and scale of the enclosed land were a hundred times greater than the land awarded to the vassal king in the Ming Dynasty before.
The existence of a large number of flag fields will inevitably lead to further expansion of land conflicts.
Therefore, Jia Liu must ruthlessly divide the Eight Banners and completely resolve this unstable factor that affects the stability of Zhili.
The good thing is that enclosure has nothing to do with the Eight Banners of the Han Army.
When they first entered the Pass, the Eight Banners of the Han Army were few in number, and the main force was King Sanshun.
King Sanshun later led his troops southward, so when the Eight Banners divided up the fruits of victory in the north, very few fell into their pockets.
It's just a group of cannon fodder vanguards.
In addition, Kong Youde was defeated by the Ming army and committed suicide, and the Geng family and the Shang family rebelled. Naturally, the fruits of the enclosure had nothing to do with them.
After the Ming army surrendered to the Qing Dynasty in the pass and was organized into the Eight Banners of the Han army, they did not have the right to enclose the land.
What qualifications do the newly surrendered puppet troops have to enjoy equal rights with Zhenman?
Even if Jia Liu now recruits people to join the club, he still has to look at the people.
Those within the Eight Banners of the Han Army who could get a small portion of the fruits in the enclosure were the few old Liaodong Han Army.
Most of these are originally Jurchens.
Such as Tong family, Shi family and so on.
Most of the so-called flag fields of the Eight Banners of the Han Army were either obtained by ancestors as rewards for their military exploits, or they were bought with money from the Eight Banners of Manchu and Mongolia.
Those who are less well off, like the Han people, also rent crops.
This is how the 200 acres of land passed down by Jia Hanfu, the sixth ancestor of Jia, came from. However, now there are only more than 60 acres of land belonging to the Jia family, and the rest has been completely destroyed.
If it hadn't been for He Shen's success, Jia Liu would have sold these dozens of acres of land and used the money to fight guerrillas in the south.
Allocating the land of the Eight Banners of Mongolia to the landless Han people is a good thing, and it is also a benevolent government. It can also make Jia Liu become the great support of the 30 million people in Zhili. In the future, whether he usurps the throne or makes a clear and correct statement to the Qing Dynasty, he will definitely be able to do so.
Gained support from the people in Zhili.
Because whoever touches Lord Jia Jia will touch the lifeblood of 30 million people in Zhili!
At that time, people will definitely come forward enthusiastically, desperately trying to push Master Jia Jia into the Forbidden City and invite him to sit on the dragon throne.
This question really moved the cake!
To put it bluntly, what is the difference between dividing the territory of the Eight Banners and rebelling against the Qing Dynasty?
No matter how fiercely you Jia Liu fights with Aixinjueluo, what does it have to do with other Manchu and Mongolian banner people?
The Eight Banners are not all slaves of Aisin Gioro. When it comes to rebelling against the Qing Dynasty, which one of the Eight Banners has not done so in the past hundred years?
So you can fight at the top, but don't affect the bannermen at the bottom.
To divide the territory means to be enemies with all the Manchu and Mongolian bannermen!
To divide the land is to divide the flesh and blood of the Qing Dynasty!
It is to completely deny the legitimacy of the Qing Dynasty!
They are reactionaries plotting to overthrow the Qing Dynasty!
Can the old rich agree?
Can Mr. Se agree?
Even Jia Liu himself had a lot of Manchu and Mongolian bannermen under his command. Apart from Li Shijie, the governor of Sichuan, and Yang Jingsu, the governor of Zhili, which of the big bosses who cooperated were Han?
How many of these Manchu and Mongolian flag-bearers can break out of the small circle of class like Jia Liu?
So if you don't do this well, you will be shooting yourself in the foot and making yourself the common enemy of the Manchu and Mongolian bannermen all over the world.
With Jia Liu's current strength, can he risk the disapproval of the world?
Of course not.
Ding Qing also immediately advised the Governor not to do this. Even if he waited until the five towns of the New Army were trained before doing this, Deputy Director Ding would not say a word.
Regardless of whether it is Cao Mang or Taizu, there must be strong military support.
Deputy Director Ding had no objection to subverting the Qing Dynasty.
As long as the Qing Dynasty is not destroyed, these people will have to worry about someone settling their accounts.
Among all the dirty things the Gongjin Association has done since its establishment until now, which one is not enough to punish the nine tribes?
But the goal is firm and true. Can we take a more solid pace?
At this moment, you put yourself on the table and invite others to attack, which is not worth the gain.
"Your worries are also what I have taken into consideration. Of course we cannot completely overthrow the national policy of enclosure, but there are workarounds for everything. You must know that the imperial court still owes me a large sum of land."
The large amount of land that Jia Liu said the court owed him was actually the land of several hat kings who participated in the palace rebellion.
Theoretically, Jia Liu killed the four most rebellious families: Prince Xian's Mansion, Prince Zhuang's Mansion, Prince Jian's Mansion, and Prince Pingjun's Mansion.
In terms of rewards for merit, should the flag fields owned by these four hat kings belong to Jia Liu?
Instead of giving it all to him, he should get half of it from the head office, right?
Last year Jia Liu had a dispute with Lao Fu over the flag fields of these four hat kings.
According to the records of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Prince Zhuang's Mansion has 550,000 acres of flag land, Prince Xian's Mansion has 900,000 acres of flag land, Prince Jian's Mansion has about 700,000 acres of flag land, and Prince Ping's Mansion has 470,000 acres of flag land.
The four princes have a total of more than 2.6 million acres of flag land. In addition, the four princes have successively purchased their own land over the years. The total amount may be less than the flag land, but the scale is certainly very considerable. It is conservatively estimated that the total self-owned land of the four flag fields will be at least
More than 4 million acres.
There was another Prince Kang's Mansion. Prince Kang Yongen was killed by Jia Liu's subordinate Yan Yuji, but Prince Kang's Mansion was not executed.
But since Yong En participated in the rebellion, there is no reason for Prince Kang's palace to be passed down.
When the new hat king was discussed in Beijing, no one said that the palace of Prince Kang should be retained.
This Prince Kang's Mansion is also the direct inheritance of Prince Li Daishan, and can be said to be the head of the hat kings.
I have flag fields under my name, and I have more than 2 million acres of my own fields.
In addition to land, the criminal princes also have a large number of real estate shops. If they are all sold off, it will definitely be an astronomical amount.
He killed the people and confiscated the homes. Why couldn't the land and wealth belong to Jia Liu?
Jia Liu really wanted to eat it all at that time, but he couldn't because there were too many factors involved.
To put it bluntly, it is just not strong enough.
So this matter has been going on.
Now, Jia Liu decided to make a fuss about this matter.
Change!
Theoretically, the flag field that should be allocated to the rebel prince of his own force was exchanged with the flag field of Yongping Prefecture.
Then we will set up a pilot project in Yongping Prefecture.
Why use Yongping Prefecture as a pilot project?
Because all the land in Yongping Prefecture belongs to Zhengbai Banner.
When the Qing army entered the customs, the standard for the Eight Banners' enclosure was to distribute the territory in order according to the left and right wings.
Dorgon's Zhengbai Banner was stationed in Yongping Prefecture, so Yongping, which was originally allocated to Xianghuang Banner, was allocated to Zhengbai Banner, while Xianghuang Banner was assigned to Baoding Prefecture, Hejian Prefecture and Zhuozhou area at the end of the right wing.
In fact, only 23/10 of the original three-banner Manchuria remained, and the rest all traveled westward.
Later statistics from the Shuntian Prefecture showed that more than 110,000 people in Shangsanqi Manchuria died during the palace rebellion, and tens of thousands of manpower were used just to deal with these corpses.
Therefore, the current Zhengbai Banner was rebuilt by the old rich in order to win over the various banners, which will reduce the resistance to Jia Liu's land change proposal.
Jia Liu's meaning is very simple. The old rich man will return all the 3.2 million acres of flag land in Yongping Prefecture to Zhili, and let Jia Liu, the governor of Zhili, handle it on his own.
The land near Beijing that should have been allocated to him was given to Xinjian Zhengbai Banner.
In this way, Jia Liu is happy, the new Zhengbai flag is happy, and the old rich man and Mr. Se are also happy.
In terms of land value alone, the land near the capital is the most valuable.
The land price here in Yongping is only two-thirds of the land price near the capital, or even less.
Ding Qing understood and was a little surprised: "Didn't your Excellency suffer a loss?"
"It doesn't matter whether you suffer a loss or not, as long as the people can benefit from it, that's fine. You know how I am, I would rather suffer for myself than for the people."
Jia Liu looked magnanimous.
Once the rich man agreed to the land exchange plan, he immediately began to measure the fertile land in Yongping Prefecture and immediately distributed the land to each household.
Just like in Shanhaiguan, as soon as the opening for land allocation in Qitian is opened, everything will be easier.
The first person to eat a crab must eat the crab claws first, not the crab roe first.
But crab roe can never escape the fate of being eaten in the stomach.
"Your Excellency, you are really worried about the people, and you are really doing the world justice!"
Deputy Director Ding was quite moved.
No one would take out millions of acres of land and divide it like this.
But Lord Jia Jia did it!
He is truly selfless, serving the people wholeheartedly, setting an example for all people that he will not take with him in life or death!
"As long as the people can say good things to me, say that I, the governor, am a good official, and can make progress with me, that will be enough for me."
Jia Liu, who was worried about the country and the people, and worried about the Qing Dynasty, walked heavily onto the carriage. When he lay down to rest, his eyes suddenly opened again, and then he lifted the sedan curtain and looked at the person beside him who was explaining matters.
Deputy Director Ding said: "By the way, when the land is allocated, we will not only talk about it in the newspapers, but we will also mobilize the people to build a shrine for me. Do you understand?"
There are about 300 words of nonsense in this chapter.