609, Making chemical fertilizers through ancient times
Brother Zhang doesn’t care about princes or princesses, he only cares about his nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Because there are steel plants and coke plants on hand now, coal is not a particularly scarce material. Many large-scale open-pit coal mines have also begun to mine, especially in Shanxi and Shandong. In order to make money, Liao people have begun to replace stainless steel basins on a large scale.
Coal is being transported here.
Coal will generate a small amount of ammonia during the coking process. This is because the coal itself contains certain nitrogen-containing heterocycles. During the coking process, these nitrogen elements will be released in the form of ammonia and mixed in the coke oven gas. In fact,
In the era when humans did not develop synthetic ammonia, nitrogen was obtained through this method. Then it was only necessary to use the contact method, lead chamber method and retorting method to produce sulfuric acid, and then use the sulfuric acid absorption method to make nitrogen fertilizer.
In addition, many public toilets have been built in the county and a policy of fines for defecating outside has been established, so nitrogen fertilizer is actually the easiest type of fertilizer to obtain.
Phosphate fertilizer is a little more complicated, but it is not that complicated. The chemical formula for refining superphosphate, which is the lowest known technical content, is 2Ca5F(PO4)3+7H2SO4+3H2O=3Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O+7CaSO4
+2HF, there are not many phosphorus-containing ore reserves here, and the largest phosphate mine is in the Song Dynasty, so phosphate fertilizer is a little more difficult than nitrogen fertilizer, but it is limited.
The most difficult part is the potassium mine. The production process of potash fertilizer is also very simple. Some salt lakes in Qinghai have high potassium content and can directly provide potassium chloride. However, to use it as fertilizer, fatty amine flotation is also required to separate sodium and calcium.
After the magnesium is purified, the problem lies here. The refining is simple, but Qinghai at this time is considered a wilderness area. It is really said to be loved across the mountains and seas.
If you want to extract potassium, you have to either burn a large amount of plant ashes, or sift through salt wells in Sichuan for those with high potassium content. But the problem is that other things are easy to say, except this salt, which is a strategic resource controlled by the country.
Even if the emperor agrees with this, the interest groups will not agree. The only reason why they can tolerate Brother Zhang's development here is that the place is too small for them to squeeze their teeth into. But if they really want to reach into the salt area, they will have to eat people.
So Brother Zhang could only find another way, that is to go to Ningbo to bask in the sea...
As the saying goes, everything in the world is about profit, and everything in the world is about profit. Brother Zhang got in touch with the local camp in Ningbo, which is Mingzhou. He didn't care about so much anyway, so he directly smuggled salt with the army.
Well, anyway, the surrounding countries need a lot of salt. Brother Zhang not only gave them sun-dried salt, but also provided them with a purification method.
What Brother Zhang wants is not refined salt, but the kind of coarse sun-dried sea salt that cannot be eaten. What he wants is the feeling of impurities. The cost of sun-dried salt is not high, and the Song Dynasty has now shown a perfect emphasis on civility and depreciation of military affairs.
Strategy, so the army is having a hard time, the imperial army is very tight, let alone the military preparations in coastal areas.
Therefore, the two parties hit it off and reached an agreement quickly. The first chemical fertilizer factory in the world has officially started the construction plan. Although the output of chemical fertilizers is not estimated to be high, it can satisfy the production and preparation of this place. Anyway, overall
It is estimated that in the next three to five years, the output of food crops will steadily increase three to five times.
With high-yielding grains, even without potatoes and corn, we can ensure the development of rations and breeding industries. This is the top priority of Brother Zhang. After this big stone in his heart fell, Brother Zhang hastened to explore the surrounding land.
Planning plans, bridges that need to be built, roads that need to be built, cement is extremely low-cost and extremely effective, and it’s time to use it.
Anyway, the whole of Yuhang is now like a big construction site. Basically, all the money earned from the finance has been stuffed into infrastructure construction. It’s just that the earlier population introduction plan has almost sucked up the surrounding towns and villages. Everywhere is shouting that the people are almost empty.
Yuhang County also expanded rapidly from about 20,000 people when Brother Zhang first took over to nearly 200,000 people in three years.
This is already the population size of a medium-to-large city. If it weren't for Brother Zhang's good layout and taking advantage of the Grand Canal to build this area into a composite city, Yuhang would not be able to accommodate such a large population.
But even so, he was far from satisfied. He still continued to attract people who migrated from the surrounding areas, provided many preferential measures to divert them, and even started to extend his hands to the border refugees.
But fortunately, even if there are another 200,000 people here, there won't be any big problems. Firstly, the land has not been developed to its limit. Secondly, fertilizer plants and some related supporting companies also need a large number of people.
, after all, the difference in industrial scissors is no joke. The products produced in Yuhang are sold not only because they cannot be copied from other places, but because the cost cannot be controlled at all.
Let’s take the simplest kitchen knife as an example. The price of the most common kitchen knife produced here is one-fifth of the price produced in other areas. This still leaves a gross profit of more than 70%. But even if
It was sold for five times as much, but the gross profit was only half and tenths. It was just a living expense, but even so, the quality of the product was not as good as one-fifth of other people's kitchen knives.
The rest include textiles, light industrial products, and processed foods. These things all have high technological costs attached to them, and they are the kind of things that you can’t learn even if you want to, but you can’t produce them once you learn them, and you can’t produce them at a loss after you produce them.
And just when Brother Zhang was planning to break ground on the fertilizer plant, Zhao Zhen's birthday finally arrived.
Although there was no grand wedding, the key point is that Brother Zhang married his daughter for real. Even if he wanted to avoid suspicion and could not return to Beijing at will, he still had to prepare gifts.
They gave me big jade, thousand-year-old ginseng, red coral, gold embroidery, and Brother Zhang gave me a car.
Although the car is completely handmade, it is not a modern car in the true sense, but it can be said that it is the brightest pearl in the industrial crown of this era.
The first is the stamping process and casting process. This is the pinnacle level for people of this era. Simply put, I don’t know if this car can be bulletproof, but it can definitely be protected against bows and arrows. The coke-specific combustion chamber cooperates with high
A sealed circulation boiler can run at a speed of 50 kilometers per hour for nearly six hours with a box of water and a trunk of coke, which is enough to run back and forth from Lin'an to Yuhang.
Then there is the configuration inside. This should be regarded as the first car. It has four leather seats and a fan installed. It has a very stylish shape. After all, it is something made by Brother Zhang himself. The design is good.
It is said to be full, and because the steam unit he designed is very advanced and the heat insulation facilities are in place, you can't feel the heat from the boiler even if you sit inside.
Finally, there is the shock absorber. Because there is no rubber, the tires can only be made by the skin method. The vehicle's shock absorber is particularly important, but Brother Zhang is such an expert in problem solving. He actually created a set of tires that are comparable to the pulling force.
The suspension system of a racing car, no matter how bumpy the outside is, as long as there are no very obvious unevenness or potholes.
And this is still not beyond the scope of understanding. After all, the iron cow in Yuhang is nothing new, but it actually has a gramophone on it.
That's right, it's a gramophone, the kind that can make sounds. Just put the round disk in it and you can sing. When the disk rotates, some ditties that are particularly popular in Yuhang recently will come from it, and the sound will be like
It is particularly retro with a little noise, but this is a product beyond the imagination of the times.
The car was delivered three days before Zhao Zhen's birthday. After a demonstration by the engineer and driver who went with the car, Zhao Zhen would sit in the car parked in the palace for a while every night after work these days.
Ask the driver to turn on the small fan and lights on the car, listen to a piece of music, be in a daze, read a book, and sip a few sips of Longjing tea that just came out this year.
The time in the car made him very comfortable, and he even fell in love with this feeling. He felt that only when no one was sitting in the car at night could he truly find the feeling of being himself, even if he had been a carer all his life.
The emperor never felt so comfortable one day.
Zhao Zhen is actually a very generous person. Most of the gifts given to him by others are given to his ministers. But this car is the only one that he is reluctant to give to others. He doesn't know if he is nostalgic for it.
The melodious ditty still reminds me of the starry sky in the palace late at night.
If it comes to nature, the driver will also ask the driver to drive him around for a few times, but usually he will not leave the palace because Zhao Zhen I is low-key and does not want to disturb the people, but he is addicted to driving around in the palace for a few times.
Circle, it actually relieves the addiction in my heart.
On the day of the birthday banquet, Brother Zhang did not come, but Zhao Rong came back. After all, as a daughter, she had to come back to fulfill her filial piety for her father's birthday. She could feel that her father was very happy today. She drank until her face was red. You know, in the past, he
They are all very restrained, and such a scene will never happen.
But there is something strange today, that is, the prince did not come, saying that he was ill and had been bedridden, but Zhao Rong did not think so, because according to what Zhao Xu said, His Highness the prince's plan has entered the final stage.
, today’s non-attendance may be a signal.
When she came back this time, Zhao Rong followed Brother Zhang's instructions and brought all three thousand newly trained elite soldiers to the palace. She didn't say much to her father, but Zhao Zhen didn't seem to care, but she still ordered Wang Eunuch.
That is, the old eunuch he trusted the most issued the strictest gag order in history, the kind that really kills people.
During the banquet, the princes and princesses of the Liao Kingdom were also present. The origins of the Yelu family were not bad. The prince Yelujun and the princess Yelutri both looked dignified. If Brother Zhang had not appeared, Zhao Rong's It is very possible that the husband-in-law is this Yelu Jun.
The things they donated were thousand-year-old ginseng from Changbai Mountain and a pair of top-quality deer antlers, which was quite sincere.
During the dinner, Yelutli specially found Zhao Rong to play with. Zhao Rong was three years older than her and they had known each other for a long time. She even gave herself a Chinese name, Xiao Rong, in order to be able to play with Zhao Rong. My sister is close to me.
Although the relationship between Song and Liao was very tense at that time, they were still children, so they would naturally talk to each other when they met someone they liked. But now, ten years have passed, and the two of them were somewhat emotional when they met again.
"Sister Zhao, I heard that you are already married." Yelutli is a typical girl who is a bit eccentric. She hugged Zhao Rong's arm and asked: "Tell me, tell me." Is it fun to get married? My father also told me to get married a few days ago, but I don’t want to get married, so I followed my brother to your place."
"Let's divide people up. Only when you choose the right person can you call the number. If you choose the wrong person, you will be in purgatory."
"Then Sister Zhao has found the right person?"
Zhao Rong laughed, holding her chin with one hand and thinking about her straight Metal Slug husband, and couldn't help laughing out loud: "He is not good at words, but he can always give people some little joy. "
"Wow... that's great." Yelutri said, leaning into Zhao Rong's ear and saying, "My brother and I will leave for my brother-in-law in a few days. I want to see it with my own eyes."
"Okay, I'll take you around my place then."
"But Sister Zhao, how come I heard that he is still a seventh-grade county magistrate? Isn't this prince-in-law incapable of becoming an official? Even if he wants to be an official, why is he still such a junior official?"
After hearing this, Zhao Rong burst out laughing. She held Yelutri's hand and said, "Don't talk nonsense, otherwise something will happen."
While the two of them were chatting about their aunts and sisters, Yelu Jun walked up with a wine glass in front of Zhao Rong and said with a smile: "Sister Zhao, we haven't seen you for a long time."
Yelu Jun was born in 1058, and Zhao Rong was born in 1056. There is a two-year age difference between the two. Looking at Yelu Jun who followed him fishing in the Imperial Garden at the beginning, he has now grown into a handsome guy with an impressive appearance. , Zhao Rong couldn't help but lament how time flies.
But just as they were reminiscing, a burst of noise suddenly came from outside the palace wall, and then there was the sound of gongs and drums inside the palace. Then the guards rushed over to escort the already drunk Zhao Zhen back to the palace, and the surroundings were even more chaotic. .
"Sister Zhao...what's going on?"
At this time, I heard someone shouting outside the palace wall, saying something like begging the official to abdicate. Everyone present understood that this was actually a military revolt.
At this moment, the commander of the palace guards had already climbed onto the city wall, pointing down and shouting: "Xiang Huairen, you are disloyal to the emperor by depriving yourself of the emperor's salary, and you are planning to rebel on the official birthday. You are really a good minister. "
"General Hong, as the old saying goes, he who knows the current affairs is a hero! I advise you to open the palace door. We are here today just to beg the officials to abdicate and take care of themselves. We have no ill intentions."
"That's nonsense!" The commander of the inner guard raised his hand, and the soldiers behind him raised their bows and arrows: "Soldiers, please don't let the traitor take a step forward!"
An arrow was shot, the next soldier fell to the ground, and then a siege battle began.
Zhao Rong stood up and was about to walk towards the palace wall, but Yelu Jun blocked her way: "Sister Zhao, you are a female class member... don't show off, let's go and avoid it first."
Zhao Rong just smiled and patted his shoulder: "Look at it, sister."
After saying that, Zhao Rong climbed onto the palace wall, took out a long tube-shaped object from her arms, and when she pulled hard, a beam of light shot up into the sky. Then the three thousand soldiers she brought rushed out carrying the object. Came out, came to the city wall and entered a state of combat readiness.
"General Zou."
The leading general's surname was Zou. Zhao Rong stepped forward to say hello to him and looked back at the thirty racks covered in red cloth that they had lifted up from below.
"Your Highness Princess." General Zou cupped his hands: "Everything is ready."
Zhao Rong nodded: "Let's get started."
Following the order, the red cloth was lifted open, and then the strange appearance inside was revealed. It was a thick cylindrical tube with a rocker-like thing on the back, and several soldiers were standing next to it. I moved several large boxes and placed them nearby, and took out rows of small iron pillars and inserted them into the thing.
At this time, General Zou walked to the front and shouted: "The Emperor's grandson has an order. No one is allowed to approach the imperial city. Anyone who disobeys the order will be killed!"
But what greeted him was only a crossbow arrow shot towards his face.