It was February 17, 1600. In the Campo de' Fiori in Rome, fire and smoke swallowed up a great life. At the last moment of his life, the martyr issued a loud call to the world: Fire and fire

You cannot conquer me, the future world will understand me and know my value! This great martyr is the most famous astronomer and scientist in Renaissance Italy, Giordano Bruno.

Next we will talk in more detail. Bruno was born in Nola, near Naples, Italy in 1548. He was also born into a very poor peasant family and entered a monastery at the age of ten. It is not difficult for us to see from here.

It seems that destiny seems to arrange for Bruno to devote himself to religion and eventually fall into the embrace of God. However, Bruno has been stubborn since childhood and is good at independent thinking. However, Bruno has gone to the other side. He has read a lot of books and taught himself a lot.

It is not difficult to see from this that Bruno, because of his own innate affluence and lack of conditions, has to put in tens of millions of times more effort than children from wealthy families to achieve these things.

.However, I have also heard this saying myself: Only those who come out of purgatory may have the power to subvert all living beings!

At this time, after Bruno read Copernicus's "On the Revolution of the Celestial Spheres", he saw the light of science. This made him scornful of the dark world of Christian theology, and he decided to march and cheer for the victory of science.

Bruno was not afraid to publish his own astronomical and philosophical opinions. In the article "Noah's Ark", Bruno not only ridiculed the authoritative Aristotle, but even directly attacked the Bible and the Holy See. At this time, Bruno

He was still a monk, so his deviant behavior attracted the siege of religious defenders. They all said that Bruno was a lunatic and a lunatic in the true sense. They said that there was something wrong with his brain. How could he question the Bible?

》? And he said that he was still a monk, how could he do such a thing, etc., but these were all thwarted by Bruno. Bruno was not afraid of fighting with this group of people for the sake of profit and protection.

People who live a dissolute life argue.

But Bruno thought that this would be enough, and the scientific world would definitely make progress. Unfortunately, Bruno’s actions directly affected the higher-level interests of the church. We might as well imagine that we have repeatedly explained that the Bible is the Christian church.

The only truth is also the highest truth. Therefore, there is only one book in Christianity, the Bible. This book is also used to control all Christian believers, allowing these believers to donate their own property generously.

, and now Bruno is attacking the "Bible", so this is equivalent to attacking the interests of the entire church, so the church's top leaders will not condone Bruno doing this, because if it really continues like this, then everyone will no longer believe in Christianity. This church

Where will the benefits come from, right?

Therefore, the top Christian leaders believed that Bruno was a heretic, and he was the kind of heretic they could not tolerate. Therefore, the top Christian leaders directly monitored Bruno closely, fearing that his words and deeds would violate Christian teachings. We also

It can be imagined that Bruno used the method he thought was right at this time, thus indirectly cutting off his own foundation, and he could no longer be as free as before.

What's more, Bruno doesn't seem to understand his current situation yet, so he is still arguing with those who monitor him, but will these people who monitor him have meaningless debates with him? So these

The people who monitored Bruno immediately reported Bruno's words and deeds to the higher-ups of the church. The higher-ups of the church finally decided to be cruel to Bruno, and of course let him die naturally.

Bruno finally understood his current situation at this time, knowing that if he died, everything he knew would be buried underground forever, and he would no longer be able to bring new blood to the scientific world, so Bruno finally chose to escape.

, and then lived a life of escape. We can also understand that at this time Bruno was forced to go into exile overseas, successively traveling to Switzerland, France, the United Kingdom, Austria, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and other countries. From here we can also see

It is revealed that Bruno has been persecuted by the church to what extent at this time. He cannot stay anywhere, but Bruno still firmly believes in the truth in his heart. With his extremely powerful belief, he is still so strong while living a life of escape.

, while living, he continues to complete his own opinions.

On the way to escape, this life in exile did not cool down the fiery inner world in his heart. He also gave speeches everywhere to promote Copernicus' heliocentric theory and denounced the ignorance and tyranny of theology in the Christian church, which ignited countless people.

The fire of science in the hearts of young students and progressive people spread the seeds of science across the European continent.

Bruno also compiled his own speeches, and in 1584 he wrote the book "On Infinity, the Universe and the Worlds". The book systematically expounded Bruno's own thoughts on the infinite universe.

He also spoke highly of Copernicus' heliocentric theory. After all, Copernicus was a pioneer! No one had dared to have such an idea before. It was even said that Copernicus spent his whole life trying to complete his thoughts systematically.

, and then obtained a lot of evidence that could not be refuted at all. So far Bruno wrote in his book: The universe is a magnificent portrait, a unique nature, with the help of the species, main origin and sum of all matter, it is also

Everything it is possible can neither add anything to it nor take any form from it. Bruno believed that the universe is infinite, material, and contains countless stars that shine and heat like the sun. At the same time, the sun is just the solar system.

It is only the center of the universe, not the core of the universe. Bruno also made a prediction beyond time and space. Life does not only exist on the earth, but there may also be traces of life on other distant planets.

Although in our modern world today, even children under ten years old may know the above things as long as they have received a relatively good education. But in Bruno's era, everyone

The Christian doctrine of faith has repeatedly stated that the world was created by God, and humans were also created by God. Therefore, Bruno's series of advanced theories must deny the entire Christian world. Will Christian people let him go?

?Isn’t this forcibly destroying the extravagant and dissolute life of the top Christian leaders? So for Christianity, Bruno is a complete lunatic and the biggest enemy of their church!

But from another aspect, that is, if we understand it from this aspect of human development and progress, then we can understand that Bruno's forward-looking ideas will constrain our entire human thinking for thousands of years.

The ball shell was shattered like this.

But we also need to understand another point, because before Bruno put forward these advanced ideas and viewpoints, all civilians had never been exposed to these things. When we humans are completely unable to carry out logical analysis, we will subconsciously think of such ideas and viewpoints.

It's wrong, and the person who puts forward this view is a lunatic. Of course, this is also caused by the church restricting people's spiritual world and even their thoughts and knowledge. However, the purpose of the church is only to continue the extravagance and debauchery of their top leaders.

I have never cared about whether we humans want to make higher progress.

Another one is the nobles of this period, the nobles and the top officials of the country. In fact, they are unable to understand Bruno's forward-looking views, because whether they are the nobles or the top officials of the country, they mostly just enjoy the luxury.

Live a life of extreme lust and debauchery, and then spend the rest of your time thinking about how to get money, that is, how to indirectly exploit the common people more legally. Therefore, it is not difficult for us to see from here that whether it is the nobles or the top leaders of the country,

, their thinking model has certain limitations, which means that they are unable to analyze Bruno's ideas with better logic, which also leads to the subconscious belief that Bruno is a madman!

Then Bruno's behavior is to prevent their high-ranking officials, nobles, and rich people from more legitimate exploitation of civilians, because to put it bluntly, the church is more often a tool for high-ranking officials and nobles to exploit civilians, and is also used to control civilians. Just like

The purpose of Constantine, the previous emperor of the Roman Empire, when he established Christianity as the state religion was to use Christianity to control the thinking and even the spiritual world of civilians and the amount of knowledge, so that it would be easier for him to manage himself. He was not at all considering whether to let the higher history of mankind

More rapid progress, since this is the case, we might as well come to the point of view: In the process of this higher historical progress of mankind, those who destroy the progress with their own selfish desires are heinous sinners!

So this led to Bruno's outstanding ideas that confused and shocked people throughout the era. They thought Bruno's ideas were simply appalling. Even the astronomer Kepler, who was revered as the legislator of the sky, was completely unable to do so.

Accepting Bruno's point of view, that is, subconscious thinking logic, and even a serious lack of knowledge, led Kepler to subconsciously think that Bruno was a psychopath.

The Pope in Rome was frightened and trembling by Bruno's remarks, because this is not just subverting the entire church? Is this simply subverting the entire human world? How can such a person do it? There have been so many lunatics from ancient times to the present, and the Pope
Chapter completed!