Chapter 2665 The foundation of loyalty and filial piety
As the news of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui's debate spread in the manor, more and more people began to gather in Qinglong Temple.
Some even rushed to Sima Manor, but were stopped by soldiers who had already prepared.
毕竟两个大老之间的争辩,并不需要太多的听众.
Yes, there are some things that are right and wrong, and do not require the so-called "public opinion" certification. Sometimes "public opinion" may not be correct, just like many people who promote the so-called "public opinion" on the Internet in later generations. These people use false fabricated clips to deceive the public and provoke disputes, and then the latter are free and easy.
Whether the theories of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui are correct is also not required to verify by other people.
The speed of the two people's argument has gradually slowed down from the initial fierce confrontation. It seems that it is because of fatigue or the need to search for deeper things, so sometimes they will fall into silence. Then after a while someone will say something, and then the other one will not answer immediately. They will be silent for a while, and then say another...
The sunlight gradually began to slant westward, and there was no idea when the clouds became more and more.
Guoyuan, who was recorded in the hall, was already a little numb.
On the one hand, it is also surprise, and on the other hand, it is also fear.
It's very simple. In the later stage of the debate between Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui, some of the remarks were said. If they were spread, many of them were "big rebellious". If the general public talks, the milder ones would be blocked, and the more serious ones would be disconnected, and the more serious ones would be at risk of being checked.
God.
Emperor.
The country.
Aristocratic family.
No matter which topic it is, it is a heavy bomb that can blow people around it to pieces.
As for the text itself, it is actually a few strokes, horizontal, vertical, dots, and strokes. However, the words composed of these symbols contain too many things behind them, either expressing meaning, lyrical, slandering, praising, or hiding needles in the cotton, or lip service. Each of them may anger the reverse scales of the power and lead to a disaster of death. In fact, to put it in a more modern sentence, literary inquisition is actually "ideological struggle."
In later generations, a multimedia should be added.
The mouthpiece is always the ruling class.
Literary inquisition has been found throughout the dynasties.
In fact, many literary inquisitions are struggles.
When Su Dongpo was appointed as the prefect of Huzhou, he was just asking the emperor for a vain "Huzhou Thanks" and told him what he had done to be the prefect, but was caught by his political enemies. The sentences were not very carefully considered and made great efforts, and almost killed people in prison. Of course, the most regrettable thing is that because the intrigue arose from the text, Mrs. Su Shi was panicked and burned many of Mr. Dongpo's manuscripts, which is really a pity.
So Fei Qian had to check on the side and hide some of the content.
This will make people feel helpless, but it is indeed not suitable to throw out all of these contents at the moment.
Or, it is not suitable for the time being.
Guoyuan is also widely read books. He naturally doesn’t say the allusions that Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui said after hearing them. He has a good memory and good literary talent. Therefore, he not only recorded what they said, but also described their expressions and wrote them down...
The dark clouds in the sky gathered quickly, as if it was about to rain soon.
Hua Tuo arrived and gave a gift to Fei in the corridor.
Hua Tuo was originally going to the countryside to go to the clinic, but he was caught up and returned to the hospital just before leaving Chang'an Bai Clinic.
"Have you brought all the medicines needed? If not, please hurry up and ask someone to get them from the Hundred Clinic." Fei Qian stood outside the hall, looking at the two old men in the hall, and said to Hua Tuo.
Fei Qian was indeed a little worried.
"Take them all." Hua Tuo signaled the medicine box behind him, then stood beside Fei Qian, and also stretched his head to look at the two people in the hall. After a moment, he frowned, "How long have they been arguing?"
"It started yesterday." Fei Qian said.
『Yesterday?!』 Hua Tuo stared at him, his expression became a little nervous, 『Then it will be troublesome...』
Hua Tuo thought that the two of them had been arguing for two days and one night, and that would be in great danger.
Staying up late is actually a huge harm to humans.
Since the time of evolution in ancient times, humans have not been prepared to stay up late.
On the contrary, humans need adequate sleep in body functions to restore energy or repair damage caused by certain daytime operations.
Young people cannot stay up late often, and the elderly are even less suitable for staying up late. Therefore, those who often talk about blessings and only ask employees to stay up late but keep silent and do not mention various subsidies for overtime pay are almost equivalent to chronic poisoning and killing money.
Fei Qian added: "The two had a rest last night."
When Hua Tuo heard this, he was obviously relieved, "This is okay, it's okay..."
However, Hua Tuo's expression did not completely relax because of this, and he was still nervously patrolling back and forth on Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui's faces.
『Can they give them some rest?』 Hua Tuo said, 『They are all very tired now, I am worried... it's okay to send some water in...』
"Send it..." Fei Qian pointed to the overturned food and drinking water in the hall, "I have sent it in a long time ago, they... have delivered it twice, and it's like this...
There is a word called forgetting to eat and sleep.
This is the state of Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui now.
They have forgotten everything around them, and even if food and water are placed in front of them, they will be considered as interference and then subconsciously swept it away.
Hua Tuo frowned, "Can't you stop? If it is interrupted now, there should be no big danger..."
Fei was silent for a while, and then said, "Although the civil and military are a little different, it can be said that this is the battlefield for them...they are the warriors who are fighting hard on the battlefield. Do you understand? At this time, the final stage has entered. If I join in, or someone will interrupt them, it will be the same as what they have done before. Moreover, at this age, do you think they still have the energy or time to fight the next time?"
Hua Tuo also fell silent, then sighed.
Fei Qian and Hua Tuo stood in the hall and watched silently.
Around the hall, the soldiers and guards also stood silently.
In the manor and farther away, everyone tried their best to keep quiet.
Only two hoarse voices in the hall sounded from time to time...
"Maybe there is some trouble..." Hua Tuo suddenly said, "I want someone to go and decoct the medicine quickly..."
Fei Qian was stunned and waved his hand immediately.
Xu Chu stepped forward and obeyed the order.
"I brought the stove and decocted the medicine here." Fei Qian said.
Xu Chu bowed his hand and quickly began to ask someone to prepare.
Fei Qian didn't want to see some low-level bloody scenes such as decorating medicine halfway, accidentally slipping his hands, or hitting him out of the house, etc. Decorating medicine under his nose in front of the hall. Although it may cause charcoal fire to leave marks on the wooden boards or railings, it is a trivial matter compared to the safety of the medicine.
Hua Tuo's face was a little tight, "General, please send someone to Taicang... I'm afraid I can't be busy with it alone... Doctor Taicang is not only good at maternal and child care, but also has first-aid acupuncture, which is comparable to me..."
If something really happens, of course it is necessary to race against time. If both of them are in danger, Hua Tuo will naturally be unable to do anything. As the Taicang lineage, who is good at delivering women and children, he naturally has the methods of using acupuncture to stimulate human functions and stimulate potential, and he also has rich experience in rescuing critical situations.
Fei Qian immediately signaled, and a guard immediately took the order and left in a hurry.
Perhaps it was because of nervousness, maybe it was to clarify the ideas, or maybe it was to explain to Fei Qian. While grabbing the medicinal materials from the large medicine box, Hua Tuo said: "I should have thought of it long ago... overwork, emotional excitement... trouble... wind and lust, rain and abdominal distension, obscene disorder, implicate lust, and enlightenment of lust..."
wind and rain?
Fei Qian looked up at the sky.
Clouds accumulate and the sky is dark.
It seemed that some faint sound of wind and thunder came, blowing slowly across the treetops and roofs.
For Fei Qian, this is just a thunderstorm in the summer afternoon.
But for the elderly, every rapid change in the solar term and the rise and fall of the temperature are potential invisible threats.
Doctor Taicang also came in a hurry, standing beside Hua Tuo, with a stern expression.
In the hall, it seemed that the argument had come to an end.
『…The body and hair are treated by their parents, and they dare not hurt them. It is the beginning of filial piety. Establishing one's own way and practicing the way, making a name for later generations to show their parents, and filial piety is the end of filial piety. Filial piety begins with serving parents, and serving the king, and finally establishes one's own life. "Da Ya" says: "If you don't think of your ancestors, you will cultivate your virtues." This is filial piety..."
"However, you should not be foolish and filial. As the saying goes, if a country of ten thousand chariots is a dispute over four ministers, the territory will not be cut; if a country of ten thousand chariots is a dispute over three ministers, the country will not be dangerous; if a family of hundreds chariots is a dispute over two ministers, the ancestral temple will not be destroyed. If a father fights for his son, the father will not be rude; if a scholar fights for his friends, the unrighteousness will not be unrighteous. Therefore, the son follows his father, the son is filial? If the minister follows the king, the minister is filial? If the minister follows the king, the minister is filial? If the judge examines the reason for following it, it is filial, and it is zhen..."
"What is loyalty now?"
『What is filial piety?』
The two argued for a while, and finally returned to the word "loyalty and filial piety".
Because these two words are actually the foundation of the great man.
It is also a key point of disagreement.
At the same time, it is also the foundation of Chinese morality and political philosophy.
It is the basis of all customs, all beliefs, and all morality.
The society from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period was a society that was broken and established. On the one hand, because the original political authority gradually lost its status, the original social structure was gradually disintegrated. On the other hand, it was a large-scale annexation war. The political power system and social structure were seeking transformation, and new political ideas began to emerge.
Only the various schools of thought have the soil for birth.
Among the various schools of thought, the concept of loyalty and filial piety has been explained accordingly. With the changes in the social situation of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the view of loyalty and filial piety also changed.
Filial piety may have been relatively early. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the word "Zheng" began to appear. Among the two major sects of Confucius, whether it was loyalty or filial piety proposed by Confucius, or Mozi's love for Mohu, people's attention to these two words and their explanation of this theory can be clearly seen.
Many current thinkers of the Han Dynasty, including Zheng Xuan and Sima Hui, would more or less compare the Han Dynasty with the Zhou Dynasty, and then try to find some experiences to learn from during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.
After entering the Spring and Autumn Period, the authority of the Zhou royal family continued to decline. Similarly, after the two emperors Huanling, the authority of the Han Dynasty continued to decline.
The rise of various Warring States countries in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Although countries still recognized the status of the Eastern Zhou lord in the early days, powerful powers such as Qi, Chu, and Jin gradually rose, and the absolute status of the Zhou royal family in the monarchy and monarchy has gradually been ignored. Similarly, the separatist rule of the Han local tyrants also indicates that the rule of the Han emperor is shaking.
This major social change directly affected culture.
Modern and ancient Chinese, Shandong, Shanxi
They are all important nodes of cultural conflict.
The ruling model of the emperor's central counties and counties that the Han Dynasty originally adopted began to collapse, and the definition of the word "loyalty and filial piety" began to deviate. What is loyalty and what is filial piety? Can the original loyalty and filial piety of the Han Dynasty still be used at present? If it cannot be used, how should this loyalty and filial piety be defined?
The original political relationship began to collapse, the glory of the statue of the Han Dynasty was no longer there, and the local tyrants of the family began to dominate the place. The word "Zhong" seemed to start to mohu, but the word "filial piety" was increasingly emphasized.
"Loyalty" and "filial piety" have been cut into independent concepts from the ambiguous concepts of political integration during the Shang and Zhou dynasties.
Why not be loyal and filial?
Can integrity replace loyalty? Or can filial piety be ahead of loyalty?
If we investigate the root of "loyalty and filial piety", many people will mention Confucius. Although Confucius mentioned "loyalty" as many as eighteen times in the Analects of Confucius, there is no accurate definition of "loyalty", and seven of them were used in "loyalty and trustworthiness", which shows that Confucius actually did not fully think about the concept of "loyalty".
As for the Mohists who were in conflict with Confucianism as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, the concept of loyalty and filial piety was not complete. The word "loyalty" appeared many times in "Mozi" and its connotation was different. Although the Mozi school eventually showed a loyal and fierce side, it eliminated the uneasiness in the king's heart by committing suicide or being suicide, it also indicated that the Mohists' "loyalty and filial piety" actually had no connection with the "loyalty and filial piety" that the king wanted, and was even very different.
Later, Mencius and Xunzi began to split. Not only in terms of good nature, but also in terms of "loyalty and filial piety", Mencius and Xunzi also became in opposition. Simply put, Mencius focused on filial piety and believed that filial piety was more important than loyalty, while Xunzi focused on loyalty and believed that loyalty was the first priority.
Most of the concepts of "loyalty and filial piety" were later derived from the concepts of these four people. For example, Han Feizi combined loyalty and filial piety into one, which was actually a change.
In order to better provide a political foundation, these Chinese scholars have derived different political logics based on the two major concepts of loyalty and filial piety. Therefore, it can be said that the view of loyalty and filial piety has played a crucial role in promoting the social development of the feudal dynasty in the entire China.
The moral entries based on "loyalty" and "filial piety" gradually grew from nothing to something during the Shang and Zhou dynasties. Then, after a series of development, as generations of scholars continue to deepen, explain and explain the conflicts and mutual tolerance between loyalty and filial piety, thus derive a unique cultural context structure in China that is completely different from other civilizations.
"Serious and correct explanation!" Sima Hui shouted loudly in a hoarse voice, "Serious and correct explanation! We should seek the origin! Abandon all complicated modifications and get rid of the roots! How about the loyalty and filial piety?"
"The foundation of loyalty and filial piety... remove the complexity and take the foundation directly..." Zheng Xuan's face showed some abnormal red light, and his emotional excitement made him feel that the world was rotating and twisting, but he still said the two most core sentences-
"To do your best to be loyal!"
"To fulfill your responsibilities is to be filial!"
Sima Hui clapped his hands, "Okay! Good! All the people and things are all done, and they can be said to be loyal and filial!"
The two looked at each other and laughed.
The two finally reached a consensus...
Without sacredness, no expansion, no extremism, no modeling, is a very simple concept and a very straightforward explanation, and finally the definition of "loyalty and filial piety" was determined.
"Loyalty and filial piety" is a two-way concept, a relatively fair concept, a moral standard, and should not be an absolute and without preconditions.
When everything attached to it is completely removed, what remains is its essential meaning.
When something is in front of you and do your best to do it well, it is "loyalty" to this matter.
This matter may be something the king has told, or something the people need, or it is from the top to the bottom, or from the bottom to the top.
"Filial piety" is a person's responsibility in the family.
No matter whether it is male or female, it is meaningless to be young. Anyone who is a member of the family will naturally have to fulfill their responsibilities for the entire family, to their parents and to their families.
"Loyalty" focuses on the outside, and "filial piety" focuses on the inside, and from "loyalty" and "filial piety", "faith", "righteousness", etc. can be derived...
The two old men laughed, clapped their hands, and then fell backwards at the same time.
Fortunately, both of them were sitting on the mat and the ground was full of wood, so there would be no direct external damage to the two of them falling down, the focus was on the loss inside the body.
『Quick!』 Hua Tuo rushed in and immediately began to diagnose Zheng Xuan, "Qi and blood deficiency, soil and water deficiency! Phlegm and blood stasis block the meridians, and wind evil enters the brain! There is still Guyang's lineage... Immediate use Duo'er Decoction!"
On the other hand, Taicang Chunyu also diagnosed Sima Hui, "Mr. Shuijing was just suffering from some hard work, so there should be no major problems."
Sima Hui is younger, so Zheng Xuan's current situation is even more serious.
Someone rushed to send the boiled soup, but Zheng Xuan was already closed his teeth and his face turned blue and could not feed him.
The decoction flows out along the corner of the mouth...
"Turn it with the tube!" Hua Tuo took the small bamboo tube, then opened Zheng Xuan's mouth and led the medicine in.
Zheng Xuan also had the instinct to swallow, and the soup slowly came in.
Hua Tuo and Taicang Chunyu both breathed a sigh of relief.
If you can drink decoctions, you will be saved.
"I'll do it first," Taicang Chunyu pressed Zheng Xuan's wrist with one hand, and took out the silver needle with the other hand, and said, "I'll use the needle to stimulate each other... to get Yunmen, Taiyuan, Neiguan... to remove wind and phlegm and boost his vitality..."
Hua Tuo thought for a moment, "But!"
Why is it that Taicang Chunyu went first? It is not that Hua Tuo was not inferior to acupuncture, but Zheng Xuan is older and is in a state of both qi and blood loss like women during childbirth, so it is more suitable for Taicang to use acupuncture. When Hua Tuo went on, it was really a hurry and a big cut. Even if you snatch it, it would be a big damage to Zheng Xuan's body and original energy.
Therefore, if Taicang can save him after applying a needle, it is naturally the best. If it doesn't work, Hua Tuo will take action.
Fei Qian stood in the hall. He didn't understand medical skills, so he couldn't help. He could only watch Taicang Chunyu take out the silver needle, then stab it on Zheng Xuan, and then use the needle to get the air...
Sima Hui on the other side was half-held and was drinking medicine soup.
Suddenly, lightning and thunder were roaring in the sky, and heavy rain poured down.
Fei Qian looked up at the sky and couldn't help but say, "In the past, Cangjie created characters, raining in the sky, and crying in the ghost at night... Now the two of them have completed their arguments, wind and thunder, and heaven and earth are shocked... What they say today may be a theory that will be passed down from generation to generation..."