The classics and meanings of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods have been passed down to the present, and there have been some changes. Whether it is the surrounding environment or the development of society, they are completely different. Confucianism seems to have adapted to such changes better, and has also emerged.
It was full of vitality and became the mainstream academic field in the entire Han Dynasty.
But on the contrary, Mohism, which was once a prominent school along with Confucianism, has declined step by step. Isn't there some doctrinal reason for this result?
So if the Mohists are given a little push now, can something be changed?
If Mohism among the hundreds of schools of thought in the Spring and Autumn Period can change, does it mean that other schools of thought may also change?
It took about three hundred years for the Mohist school to become a prominent school, from its rise to its peak to its decline, which is almost the same time as the existence of the Han Dynasty. The existence of a school has been almost as long as the time of Guo Zuo. What is the significance of this?
How many Mohists were there in history?
"The hundred and eighty men who served in Mozi's service could be made to go through the fire and die without turning back." "They worked day and night to suffer the most, with no fibula to pull out and no hair on their shins." The "one hundred and eighty men" mentioned here
"It's just that all the Mohists who were martyred when the Mohist disciple Meng Sheng was defending the city do not include the number of the entire Mohist family.
When Mozi "stopped Chu and attacked Song" before, he said that his eldest disciple Qin Guli led 300 people to defend Song City. It can be seen that the Mo family always brought hundreds of elites to each appearance. According to a rough estimate, plus
The number of Mohists guarding the base camp at its peak was probably at least 1,000. As for the maximum number, there is no research yet.
Therefore, although the Mohist family is now in decline, it is still difficult to say whether there are still many people in the Mohist family and whether there are still some elites.
With such considerations in mind, once the words were spoken, Fei Qian did not hide them, and simply went on: "Ming Gui. There are gods in the heaven and earth, which need to be respected and sacrificed. However, good deeds are still needed to achieve good results. Just like a farmer.
Without plowing, how can there be harvest? Gods can help bring good weather and good weather, but they cannot help idleness."
The Mohist concept of ghosts and Confucian gods are completely different. The Mohist concept overemphasizes the gods, while the Confucian concept secretly replaces them with the Son of Heaven, which is naturally more in line with the requirements of politicians.
Since the Spring and Autumn Period, although there are still many things that cannot be explained by the people, such as thunder, rain, drought and other natural phenomena, they have gradually changed from being completely fearful and helpless to taking the initiative to change, repair, water conservancy facilities, irrigation equipment, etc.
The emergence of waiting is also gradually changing people's concepts.
Therefore, in fact, in addition to not meeting the requirements of the ruler, the most important thing about Mohism's morality is that it is too extreme. "Heaven takes care of the world and loves it all." This leads to "Heaven's will" as the basis for universal love, that is, "
"Heaven" wants to love the world equally, so Mohist morality requires that everyone should be loved equally. Since there is heaven, there must be ghosts and gods, so "ghosts can be understood".
The order of this theory is exactly the opposite.
Any religious classic must put the abstract and indescribable at the front, talk about it at the front, and then extend it to specific things and affairs little by little, and finally explain the abstract and indescribable before.
Things are right, sacred, inviolable...
However, the Mohists put specific matters first, and then in order to explain that the reason for doing these things is heaven, ghosts and gods, this completely puts the cart before the horse, resulting in the explanation becoming more and more unclear...
Just like the Taoists also say, "The heaven and the earth are unkind, and treat all things as dumb dogs; the saints are unkind, and treat the people as dumb dogs." Taoism also has equality, but Taoism is obviously more realistic. Only saints can love the people of the world equally.
, which ordinary people cannot do.
Confucian benevolence naturally leads to political hierarchies based on blood relations, forming a complete and hierarchical political system.
Not only does Mohism not have it, but "universal love" violates human nature. At the same time, it theoretically overthrows the old political system, but cannot establish a new political structure. Therefore, it is difficult to become a tool for the rulers to use, and it will be abandoned by the rulers.
It's inevitable.
These are the main theories of Mohism. As for other requirements such as frugality, they are all side details, and Fei Qian did not continue to say anything more.
Mo Jie was silent and thinking.
"...Moding the top will help the world...Yao and Shun will not grant years, Jie, Zhou will not die young..." Mo Jie muttered softly, and then let out a long sigh.
Fei Qian was also silent.
The first sentence of Mo Jie was a good word about Mohism, but the latter sentence was about the loopholes in Mohism's doctrinal interpretation. Therefore, it seems that Mo Jie actually had some thoughts on his own Mohist theory.
Mo Jie looked at Fei Qian deeply for a few times, then suddenly smiled, stood up, and said, "I once heard that Zhonglang was intelligent and far-sighted. We met today, and it was true. After hearing Zhonglang's words, I had a good feeling.
It's too much, so I can't repay him with this, so I'll give this as a thank you." After saying that, he took out a small piece of iron-like thing from his baggage to give to Fei Qian.
Fei Qian quickly refused and said, "Qian Gu is lying and I am lucky enough to have Ju Zi listen to me. How dare I take credit? I will never accept it."
How could you accept something given by others at once? Of course you have to be modest, but I didn't expect that Mo Jie actually smacked his lips twice and stuffed the piece of iron-like thing back into the package, and then smiled
Said: "Since Zhonglang doesn't accept it, let's forget it... I've been bothering you for a long time, so I should leave..."
After saying this, he quickly stood up and walked out without waiting for Fei Qian to do anything.
Ah, I'm just being polite.
But now is not the time to care about this. Fei Qian quickly stood up and chased after him, saying at the same time: "Juzi, please stay... Juzi, please stay... Ah, Juzi, Pingyang is full of wastes waiting to be revitalized, and it is in urgent need of great virtuous governance. I wonder if Juzi is willing."
To serve as an official..."
The reason why Fei Qian talks so much is not because he hopes to keep Mo Jie. As the saying goes, a skinny camel is bigger than a horse. If he can keep Junzi, he will attract some Mo Jie people, right?
Moreover, according to the teachings of the Mohist family, the people of the Mohist family are simply the best civil servants. They love all, and treat the people in their jurisdiction just like their own family members; they are not offensive, so there is no need to worry about these guys rebelling; the most important thing is temperance.
Use it, you won’t take bribes and swallow up public property...
Therefore, when Fei Qian saw that Mo Jie was really going to leave, he didn't care about being subtle and invited him directly. However, he didn't expect that Mo Jie smiled slightly and said, "You are a lazy person in the mountains and fields, and you are not qualified to govern the country and the people."
It's hard to take on such a heavy responsibility, so I hope Zhonglang will forgive me."
After saying that, he nodded to Fei Qian again and walked away...
Fei was left lurking and messy in the wind.
The author just thought that humility is sometimes very cumbersome... It sometimes feels like coping... If you don't push it back and forth a few times, you won't be able to get spiritual satisfaction... I seem to have seen something about Chinese people last time
