Chapter 1413: handed down from generation to generation for thousands of years
The Tupan inscription has a clear record of the changes in the royal family of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the lineage of the throne.
It also confirmed for the first time the correctness of the order of the kings of the Western Zhou Dynasty recorded in "Historical Records of the Zhou Dynasty".
Needless to say, this kind of bronze ware must have the function of proving and supplementing history, and is a well-deserved "bronze history book".
Therefore, Tupan is called the first pan in China.
Tupan has been called "China's No. 1 Pan" since it was unearthed, mainly because it has the largest number of inscriptions and the greatest historical value.
In addition to this one, there are several large bronze vessels around, and they all look very good.
The most important thing is that these are copper plates with inscriptions from the Western Zhou Dynasty that were unearthed before Tupan, and there are actually many of them.
There are mainly Guojizi Baipan, Sanshi Pan, Shiqiang Pan, Xijia Pan, etc.
There are 349 characters inscribed on the San family plate, 284 characters on the Shiqiang plate, 129 characters on the Xi Jia plate, 104 characters on the Guo Jizi Bai plate, and a total of 372 characters on the Shan family plate.
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Since the Tun plate appears here, other bronze plates are naturally indispensable, such as the very famous Xi Jia plate.
"This plate is not simple, it is obviously different from other plates!"
Why did Chen Wenzhe focus on the Xijia plate at first glance? Is it because this plate is better than the Kuilong pattern Panlong plate?
There must be something, because there are many inscriptions inside, which also record a very important period of history.
But the most important thing is that this plate is professionally aged.
The other copied bronze plates all look new. At most, they have been slightly processed, making them look like antiques.
In the eyes of professionals like Chen Wenzhe, those are just fake at first sight.
No matter how exquisite the reproduction is, no matter how beautiful and lifelike it is, it is still a modern handicraft.
But the Xi armor plate in front of him was different. Chen Wenzhe took a quick glance and found that this Xi armor plate looked very simple. The most important thing was that it had a natural charm, which was very rare.
If this is also a counterfeit, then the imitator is definitely not simple.
The most important thing is to make it old, and he can't see many traces.
This is just like the bronze tripod he appraised at Gold Medal Pawn before. The imitation craftsmanship has reached the level of authenticity!
"This is Xijiapan! Where did you get it?"
Being attracted, Chen Wenzhe naturally wanted to take a closer look.
Because no matter how he looked at it, he felt that the plate looked real. If it were real, it would be interesting.
Such important treasures as the Xijia Pan, which were unearthed in the Song Dynasty, have been handed down for a long time, because they have been around for at least a thousand years since the Song Dynasty.
It has been passed down for thousands of years, and anyone who is Chinese can see this treasure of time at a glance.
Then, it is definitely necessary to collect and resell during the period.
So in the middle of this, is it not unusual to imitate some fake products?
The subsequent spreading history also confirms this point.
"Xijiapan" is also called Xitianpan, Xibopan or Xibojifupan.
This plate is definitely a national treasure-level cultural relic of our country. It is a heavy vessel of the Western Zhou Dynasty and a bronze vessel of the late Western Zhou Dynasty. It was unearthed in the Song Dynasty.
These disc-shaped bronze vessels are generally similar in shape.
They are generally round and have ears.
The differences come from rims, inscriptions, etc.
For example, this armor plate has an extravagant rim on the outside, a flat inner bottom, curved patterns on the bottom of the rim, and a shiny black leather shell.
Therefore, its status as handed down from generation to generation is obvious.
However, the circle is missing.
The overall appearance is that the plate is round, the edge of the plate is decorated with patterns, and the base ring is missing.
But this is not important, because there are 133 inscriptions cast on the inner bottom.
Xijia plate, because the maker is Xijia, whose name is Jifu, and Yi is Jifu. The bronze inscription is Xijia, and Xibo is Jifu.
The author of the instrument, Xi Jia Zhi Jia, was interpreted as Tian in the old days, so this plate is also called Xi Tian Pan, Xi Bo Pan, Xi Bo Jifu Pan.
Bronze vessels from the late Western Zhou Dynasty were unearthed in the Song Dynasty, and the natural traces of their inheritance are obvious.
The inscription has a total of 133 words, describing Xi Jia's expedition with King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty and the collection of tribute from the southern Huaiyi people.
The third volume of Wu Shifen's "Gu Gu Lu" of the Qing Dynasty is titled "Xitian Pan", the sixteenth volume of Wu Dacheng's "Ke Zhai Ji Gu Lu" is titled "Xi Bo Pan", and the seventh volume of Fang Junyi's "Explanation of Yi Zhai Yi Ware" by Fang Junyi is "Xi Bo Ji"
"Father".
The inscription inside the plate records that King Xuan of Zhou defeated Yan Yun in the war and was rewarded for his military exploits.
The translation is: On the Gengyin day of the third month of the fifth year of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty, King Xuan initially ordered a crusade against the 玁狁 and drove it away from Taiyuan.
Xi Jiaji obeyed the king's order, defeated the enemy, captured the enemy, and returned in triumph.
King Xuan rewarded Xi Jiajifu with four fine horses and a chariot.
King Xuan also ordered Xi Jiajifu to go east to Chengzhou to take charge of government and law enforcement, and ordered all parties to pay grain taxes.
As for the Southern Huaiyi, Huaiyi, the farmers who originally paid tribute and silk to our Zhou Dynasty are not allowed to owe tribute, silk and grain.
When they come and go and do business, they are not allowed to disturb places and shops.
Anyone who dares to violate the laws of the King of Zhou will be punished and punished.
I would like to remind you that the princes and common people in all parts of the Zhou Dynasty should conduct business in the prescribed shops and not go to wild and remote places to do business. Otherwise, they will also be punished.
Xi Boji's father specially made this record.
The lifespan of his eyebrows is endless.
Children and grandchildren will use it forever.
This is why bronze vessels are a national treasure, because they record the great achievements of our ancestors.
Also, a lot of information can be obtained by studying these inscriptions.
For example, in the Shang Dynasty, stems and branches were used to record dates, and there was a cycle of 60 days. There were also concepts of years and months, but the concepts at that time were very different from today.
A common routine for inscriptions on oracle bones is to first record the divination date, such as Jiazi, Renyin, etc.
This recording method makes it impossible for future generations to determine the specific time, and the use of life and death is a big improvement.
The record of life and death on the bronze vessel, plus the month mentioned above and the following days, is the day of the zodiac.
By referring to relevant records in history, today's scholars can obtain the recorded time relatively accurately.
For example, the first sentence on Xi Jiapan is: Only Ba Gengyin died in March of the fifth year.
The armor plate has been examined and determined, and it belongs to the period of King Xuan.
King Xuan began his reign in 827 BC, so the five years would be 823 BC.
According to this research, the time mentioned here is March 24, 823 BC.
Is this kind of verification accurate?
It is said that "Xijia Pan" was unearthed in the Southern Song Dynasty and was collected by Xian Yushu, the prime minister of the Yuan Dynasty and others.
After being collected and passed on for several generations, it passed into the hands of the great collector Chen Jieqi at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China. Later, the whereabouts of "Xijiapan" were unknown.
In the last century, news of the discovery of "Xi Jia Pan" came out in Neon and Xiangjiang, but all were confirmed to be forgeries.
Until 2010, a Chinese living in Chou Country discovered the "Xijia Plate" at a small auction in Chou Country and spent a lot of money to buy it.
In 2014, "Xijiapan" quietly returned to China for exhibition.
At this time, after appraisal by many authoritative experts in China, it was confirmed to be genuine.