Jiajing blue-glazed porcelain is relatively popular. Firstly, there are rich and colorful shapes, and secondly, there are new developments in glaze color varieties.
In addition to traditional palace sacrificial vessels and display porcelain, blue glaze products are also commonly seen in daily vessels.
In addition to Ji-blue glaze color, a new "green" glaze is also created.
The glaze color of Jiajing Ji Blue is blue with a hint of purple. Some glazes have small flakes, and some have brown spots. A layer of sauce-colored glaze is applied around the feet.
Jiajing Hui celadon glazes are often engraved with dark inscriptions, all of which are in six-character regular script.
The shapes include jars, washbasins, bowls, plates, cups, slag buckets, incense shovels, etc.
Some are lightly engraved with patterns of dragons, phoenixes, clouds, and branches.
These artifacts are mainly stored in the Palace Museum in Wanwan and Shendu, and they are all old collections of the palace.
These blue-glazed porcelains from the Ming Dynasty are considered national treasures, and each piece is very precious.
Therefore, naturally some people want to imitate such porcelain.
There are two aspects to the focus of imitation. One is the base model.
The bottom model is the focus of imitation, because it is difficult to imitate, so there are methods such as replacing the old bottom and continuing the old bottom.
For example, the base model of blue-glazed porcelain from the Ming Dynasty is not easy to copy.
There are two kinds of blue and white models and dark engraved models. Many of them are inscribed with "Xuande Year of the Ming Dynasty" in double lines and six characters in regular script.
Like other Ming Dynasty porcelain, all four-character inscriptions are also imitations.
In addition to common shapes such as bowls and plates, there are also shapes such as pots, vats, statues, basins, monk hat pots, and lotus petal pots.
In addition, during the Xuande period, a new variety of blue glaze appeared.
Because there are white spots naturally distributed in its blue glaze, like snowflakes falling, it is also called snowflake blue.
Sprinkled blue glazed porcelain is also a lime alkali glaze using cobalt as the coloring agent, but the glazing process is slightly different from that of Ji blue glazed porcelain.
Xuande blue-glazed porcelain is very rare.
For such a rare treasure, there are naturally no shortage of legendary stories.
For example, there is a piece of blue glaze that went from being a "royal plaything" to living among the people, and it has become widely circulated in the industry.
In the 1970s, a mysterious old lady came to the Shendu cultural relics store carrying a rag bag.
I found the staff, took out a porcelain bowl from the cloth bag, and said I wanted to sell it for some money.
According to the old lady, this bowl had been stored in her home for many years, filled with salt, and later used to feed chickens. It must be old.
But I don’t know which dynasty or generation it is from, and the surface color is uneven. I don’t know how much I can exchange it for.
This bowl is rather peculiar. First, it is large, with a diameter of 25.3 centimeters;
Second, the shape of the bowl is special. It is thicker than an ordinary bowl, about 1 centimeter, and has a flat bottom. It should be called a bowl;
Third, the blue color in the glaze is uneven.
The bowl is painted with white glaze on the inside and blue glaze on the outside. The inner bottom is very dirty.
At that time, there was no research on the Xuande blue glaze. Only in the "Nanyao Notes" of the Yongzheng period, the blue glaze was called "Chui Qing" and was considered to be a new system in the early Qing Dynasty.
Therefore, the cultural relics store regarded it as Qianlong's porcelain and bought the old lady's bowl for 80 yuan.
This amount of money was considered a large amount at the time, and the old lady took the money and left happily.
This is very similar to what happened to the blue-glazed plum vase with cloud and dragon patterns.
It's just that the price of this one is a little higher, reaching 80 yuan, which is an increase of four to five times compared to 18 yuan.
I don't know whether the owner of the treasure is lucky or unlucky.
After receiving the bowl, the staff at the time put the bowl into water to clean it.
When the dirt on the inner bottom of the bowl was washed away, six characters "Made in the Xuande Year of the Ming Dynasty" were revealed.
From the shape, material to craftsmanship, experts have unanimously determined that this is a piece of porcelain fired in Jingzhen during the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty.
And its most precious part was unexpectedly mistaken for a flaw by the old lady.
This defect is caused by a process unique to this porcelain called blue glaze.
The origin of the blue glaze is also very clear.
"Sprinkling blue glaze" was first created in Jingzhen, Xuande, Ming Dynasty.
Because the glaze looks like sprinkled blue water droplets, it is called "Sprinkled Blue";
It is also called "snowflake blue" because the white glaze spots revealed look like snowflakes floating on the blue water.
The birth of blue glaze is actually related to a "willful" imperial edict of Emperor Xuande.
Emperor Xuande, Zhu Zhanji, was the fifth emperor of the Ming Dynasty.
Despite his busy government affairs, this emperor could not resist having fun.
He loved cricket fighting, and every year local officials would pay tribute to him with high-quality crickets for him to play with.
Therefore, the Royal Kiln Factory in Jingzhen fired a large number of cricket jars.
In addition to raising birds and amusing insects, Emperor Xuande was also obsessed with the game of dice.
It is this hobby that created the porcelain variety with blue glaze.
In order to meet the needs of this game, Emperor Xuande ordered the Jingzhen Royal Kiln Factory to fire a kind of porcelain specifically for playing dice, and the glaze color should be unprecedented and unprecedented.
The imperial kiln factory did not dare to neglect after receiving the imperial edict, and immediately gathered the best porcelain craftsmen and the best materials at that time to start production.
After painstaking research, the blue-glazed porcelain was finally fired - a cricket jar with blue and white clouds and dragon patterns.
So, how is the blue glaze fired?
Sprinkling the blue glaze is not simply dipping it into the glaze, but blowing it on through a pipe.
On the fired white glaze vessel, dip a bamboo tube into blue glaze juice and blow it on the surface of the vessel.
This will form spots with uneven thickness and different shades, which are then applied with a thin layer of glaze and fired at high temperature.
The remaining white glaze is like falling snowflakes, hidden in the blue glaze.
Generally speaking, due to different levels of workmanship, the resulting porcelain effects are also different.
If the glaze is blown all over the object, and the glaze is blown unevenly and in different shades, it will be snow-covered blue.
If it is spread evenly and densely on the porcelain cup to form dots, it is the real blue glaze.
"Taoye Illustrations" records: "The diameter of the bamboo tube is over one inch, and the length is seven inches. The mouth is covered with fine gauze, dipped in glaze and blown. Blow it several times, depending on the size of the blank and the type of glaze. It can be as many as seventeen or eight times, and as little as three times.
Four times.”
It can be seen from the records that the blue glaze firing process is very complicated and the success rate is relatively low.
Therefore, blue-glazed porcelain was also a relatively rare species at that time.
There are only a few pieces of blue-glazed porcelain from the Ming Dynasty existing in our country, so they are extremely precious.
In the first month of 1435, Emperor Xuande contracted an unknown disease and died soon after.
After Xuanzong's death, the game of dice no longer became popular.
Later emperors also ordered the firing of blue-glazed porcelain, but due to the complexity of the blue-glazed process, the success rate was extremely low, requiring a large amount of manpower and material resources to be invested, and the cost was too high.
Therefore, after the death of Emperor Xuande, the burning of blue glaze stopped.
It was such a rare treasure of the palace that mysteriously disappeared from the palace in just ten years from its birth to the end of its burning.
Something as good as blue-glazed porcelain cannot be lost.
It was not until the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty that production resumed again.
The blue-glazed porcelain from the Kangxi, Yongzheng, and Qianlong periods of the Qing Dynasty has stable color and fine workmanship. Many are decorated with gold colors, and a small amount are decorated with multicolored and underglaze red.
Due to the complicated firing process and low success rate, blue-glazed porcelain was also a relatively rare species at the time.
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