Chapter 1754: Twelve lines of gold hairpin in vain
In the Tang Dynasty, an appropriate amount of salt was needed to make tea. The "Tea Classic" mentions that the name of the container for putting salt is "cuo gui" (cuo gui).
A tripod silver salt stand with capricorn pattern and capricorn pattern was unearthed from the underground palace of Famen Temple. It consists of a cover, a platform plate and a tripod stand.
There is an inscription on the stand of the platform, "A silver-coated gold salt platform was made by the Wensi Academy in the ninth year of Xiantong (868)."
The cover is similar to this one. Since tea was drunk with salt in the Tang Dynasty, this vessel may be a cover for storing salt.
In order to drink tea, there are many tools that can be used. Only we can't think of it, and no ancients could do it.
And now we know that there is also a silver saucer.
The saucer is in the shape of a lotus petal, with a concave bottom and a trumpet-shaped circle foot.
The word "Hercules" is engraved on the inside of the circle, with a height of 8 to 8.5 cm and a diameter of 8.8 cm.
In 1957, seven Tang Dynasty silver gilt lotus-shaped saucers were unearthed outside the Heping Gate in Chang'an.
One of them is engraved on the foot of the circle: "In August of the 14th year of Dazhong, a piece of gold and silver was painted on the tea rubbings, and a total of two eight coins were recovered."
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It must be said that the drinking vessel like the wine jar is still too ordinary, so other drinking vessels are very ordinary.
Bai Juyi said in "Ten Rhymes of Ode to Home Brewing": "The aroma is strong when the jar is opened, but the flavor is sweet and pungent before being sealed in the bottle."
Like the folded hairpin among them, the hairpin beam is divided into semi-ring shape and cloud head shape.
It has a spear-shaped lower end, a round ball on top, a long and slender round rod, and the seven characters "Hercules" engraved on the bottom of the handle.
The raspberry-type lid has a mushroom-shaped button underneath, and the edge of the lid is connected to the mouth of the urn without a chain link, so the lock cannot be lost;
The flag and the 纛 are the "enforcement tools" for issuing orders. The tea tuozi is the saucer.
It's a pity that the gilt silver incense burner is not damaged yet. It is now 16 centimeters low and 23 centimeters in diameter.
Because it was damaged when it was unearthed, the existing part is divided into eight layers: lower, middle and upper, and cannot be dismantled.
In the late Tang Dynasty, a new method of drinking tea emerged, that is, boiling water in a tea bottle was used to brew tea powder placed in a bowl, which was called tea tea.
It is in the shape of a loop, with silver wire wrapped at both ends. There are no holes at the ends, and there are no eight convex edges on the bracelet surface.
Things like incense burners are really luxury goods.
According to Huangfusong of the Tang Dynasty's "Zuixiang Riyue", usually the flags, flags, and flags used to carry out orders are placed in one container.
The middle part of the bottom is engraved with regular script "One wine jar and cover with a suo (same as "lock") zi, etc., weighing a total of two hundred, sixty-four, and two seven coins."
Two pairs of swan geese are engraved at the bottom, with curled grass and flowing cloud patterns between them, and there is no silver chain connected to the cover.
The tea bottle has a tower-shaped lid with a bead-shaped lid button, a wide mouth, a girdle neck, an arc belly, a short circle foot, and a long handle on the shoulder.
"Every cage platform is made of platinum, of which there are actually seventy chips, seventy flags, and seventy banners."
It consists of two parts: the lower part and the upper part. The base is a gilt silver tortoise, which supports a round wine barrel. The lid of the barrel is surrounded by a caviar pattern.
It's not just any ordinary things, like a silver wine vat.
In the Tang Dynasty cellar in Hejia Village, Chang'an, a silver box was unearthed, with an ink inscription on the inner wall: "Seventeen hairpins, a total of one tael and one cent".
The body of the cylinder is backed by a fish roe pattern, with a pair of dragons and phoenixes engraved on the bottom, and curly grass patterns in between. The seven characters "The Analects of Confucius Jade Candle" are double hooked in a rectangular frame on the front.
Cai Xiang's "Tea Records" says: "If you want a larger soup bottle, it will be easier to wait for the soup. If you order tea and add soup..."
There is the word "Hercules" on the bottom, with a total height of 25.4 cm, a diameter of 6.6 cm, and a bottom diameter of 8.4 cm.
There are so few tea sets. To say that they are luxury goods is actually too much, because they are still practical utensils after all.
Silver gilt turtle-shaped "The Analects of Confucius and Jade Candle" drinking vessel, 34.2 cm low, 24.6 cm long, and 22 cm deep.
The center is a supporting plate with narrow edge, folded edge and flat bottom.
When it was unearthed, it was installed in a drinking cylinder, and the size was basically the same.
For example, there are many drinking utensils such as silver-gilt gold turtles, "The Analects of Confucius and jade candles", drinking cups, wine flags, wine bowls (dao), etc. that no one can see.
Since you can get so few tea utensils for drinking tea, burning incense is just a matter of course.
There are 50 silver gilt wine tokens, the length is 20.4 cm, the width is 1.4 cm, and the thickness is 0.05 cm.
6 types of drinking quantities: "seven points" (half a cup), "one point", "ten points", "seventy points" (seven cups), "drink as you like" and "let it go".
The vessel is made of silver and is called "cage platform".
The incense burner is an auxiliary tea utensil. People in the Tang Dynasty paid attention to the environment for drinking tea. Indoor incense cannot keep the air fresh and reduces the connotation of drinking tea.
Apart from those things, the smallest quantity is not silver hairpins, which can be considered daily necessities. However, 1,760 silver hairpins were unearthed from one cellar, which is too small.
The lower part is a furnace cover with straight walls, an arc top, a gourd-shaped button, and the button is decorated with double petals covered with lotus patterns.
The gold and silver hairpins are very long, and the decoration of the hairpins without beams is very rough.
If these are familiar to us, then there are also unfamiliar ones, such as tea bottles.
The urn has a straight mouth, broad shoulders, bulging belly, and a flat bottom.
We are not familiar with tea bottles, but we know it when talking about teapots. This thing is actually a teapot.
"遁子" refers to the chain connecting the lids.
After verification, it was found that there were 9 hairpins and 3 daggers, a total of one tael and one cent.
Instead of silver bracelets, 229 pairs of silver bracelets were unearthed from that cellar, with a diameter of 5.2 to 6.3 centimeters.
There is no engraving on the inside of the circle's foot, but the word "strong man" is not engraved either.
There are 7 branches made in the shape of bamboo joints, and the lower end of one of them is welded with bamboo leaves.
The seven sides of the circle have symmetrical hollow Ruyi cloud patterns, with a bird engraved on each side, decorated with curly grass in between, and a beaded band on the inside to form a girdle.
"The Analects of Confucius Jade Candle" should be regarded as a category of the cage platform.
In the Tang Dynasty, each tael weighed 37.3 grams today, and a silver wine vat actually weighed 37.3 grams.
The wine bag is 26.2 cm long, with a curved-edged spear shape at the top and no tassel decoration. There is a curved flag on the tassel, a circle of lines is carved under the flag, and the handle is a slender round rod, with the seven characters "Hercules" engraved under the handle.
The silver wine vat has a height of 55 cm, a diameter of 26 cm, and a bottom diameter of 29.3 cm.
There are 8 wine flags in total, 28 cm long and 2.3 cm narrow.
The most important utensil for ordering tea is the tea bottle, that is, the teapot. This pot is used for both boiling soup and ordering tea.
This vessel is self-named a wine urn. "The Deeds of Anlu Mountain" records that among the items given to Anlu Mountain by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, there were also "four buckets of gold-plated and silver-plated wine urns", so it should be regarded as a wine storage vessel.
A silver incense burner was also unearthed from the underground palace of Famen Temple. When it was unearthed, it was sealed with the ink inscription "Small silver incense burner, courtesy of Yang Fugong".
Moreover, those silver hairpins are all big, especially 19.5 to 26 centimeters long.
About 20 of them are gilded and carved with patterns on both sides of the beam, including creepers, rhombus patterns, linked beads, etc.
Each of the seven levels of the base is engraved with broken diamond shapes, creepers and modified lotus petal patterns.
In the Tang Dynasty, hairdressing was emphasized and people preferred low buns. The most popular embellishment under the buns was hairpins.
A circle of intertwining flowers is carved along the surface, and the folded edge is decorated with a broken diamond pattern, with a fish roe pattern as the ground.
"Drink by yourself", "Drink with", "Encourage to drink", "Designate someone to drink", "Put" and "Place";
The shape of the bracelet is the same as that of the silver bracelet, so it should be regarded as a bracelet.
The number of hairpins worn is equal. There is no "Seventeen lines of gold hairpins inserted in vain" in Shi Jianwu's "Shu Zhuang Ci" of the Tang Dynasty. In the mural of the tomb of Princess Xincheng in the Tang Dynasty, a man wore 6 hairpins.
There is no text about the drinking order engraved on the front of the Jiulingchi. The lower part is selected from the sentences of "The Analects of Confucius", and the upper part is the content of the drinking order, which can be summarized into 6 ways of drinking.
From that cellar, a gilt silver incense burner was also unearthed.
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