Chapter 1,758 The First Collection of Gold and Silverware in the Song Dynasty
Looking at the large collection of porcelain, Chen Wenzhe almost drooled.
He salvaged so many sunken ships, and although he obtained a lot of porcelain, there are still very few that can compare with the porcelain in these cellars.
However, it seems that he is specifically looking for gold and silverware this time?
Unexpectedly, I didn’t see much goldware, but I saw a lot of silverware and porcelain.
However, this does not mean that the group of tomb robbers did not hide gold objects.
For example, there is a cellar that is comparable to the first cellar in the Song Dynasty. It contains all the gold and silverware of the Song Dynasty.
In 1986, a batch of gold and silverware was unearthed from a hoard in Dabeicheng Village, Gaomo Township, Yi County, BD City, Bei Ha Province.
There are two silver collars dating from "the fourth year of Yuanfeng (1081)" and "the sixth year of Zhenghe (1116)" in the Northern Song Dynasty.
This place was owned by the Khitan after the fifth year of Liao Tonghe (987), and the Gaoyang Army was established there for more than a hundred years.
It was not until the fourth year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1122) that Gao Feng and Guo Yaoshi surrendered, and they briefly attached themselves to the Song Dynasty. In the seventh year of Xuanhe (1125), they regained their land.
The political situation is stable and circulation is active; once there is turmoil, things will be difficult.
In 1993, 351 pieces of gold and silverware from the Song Dynasty were unearthed underground under an infrastructure construction project in Xixiao Street, Pengzhou City, which shocked the world.
Before those batches of hoards were unearthed, no relevant information had been published, mainly because they were bought and hidden immediately after they were unearthed.
It only took us a little month to invade the city of Sichuan.
In 1984, 5 tons of iron coins were unearthed from the Song Dynasty cellar in Nanjing Street, Jiang'an County;
The huge quantity, variety of categories, and exquisite texture are all rare in recent years.
Except for the large number of Ding kiln and Yaozhou kiln artifacts from the northern kiln system, other famous kilns such as Jun kiln, Ru kiln, Cizhou kiln, etc. have not yet been discovered.
It is only famous kilns that emerged in large numbers, and the fine porcelain from famous kilns has to a very small extent replaced gold, silver, and jade and retreated into the palace and the homes of officials, where they were widely used as sacrifices, furnishings, study supplies, and daily utensils.
Among them, the West Route Army captured Hanzhong from Xiaosan Pass and retreated to Sichuan Province in the same year.
There are more than 400 pieces in the cellar, including gold, silver, jade, crystal and amber.
A small amount of gold and silverware, coins, porcelain and bronze were unearthed from those hoards.
The cultural relics stored in the cellar are beautifully broken and often become treasures of the museum.
Comparable to Baxingdui and Laoguanshan, the Pengzhou gold and silverware hoard is not only one of the major archaeological discoveries in Sichuan Province, but also the smallest Song Dynasty gold and silverware hoard ever discovered in your country. It is of great historical and artistic research value.
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In Chen Wenzhe's view, the Silk Road is very much like an adjective describing the interactive exchange of cultures.
Why can so few gold and silverware hoards be found in Sichuan Province?
The gold and silverware unearthed from those two cellars are not comparable to the official excavated cellar known as "the first gold and silverware cellar in the Song Dynasty".
"Of all the dozens of capitals and prefectures of Sichuan Province, only one or four of them were destroyed."
Since 1949, less than 400 hoards from past dynasties have not been discovered in Sichuan Province, of which at most there are more than 30 hoards from the Song Dynasty.
The historical information contained in various inscriptions and calligraphy remains to be interpreted in depth.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the tea from Mengding Mountain in Sichuan Province was unknown in the country. "The water in the heart of the Yangtze River, the tea from the top of Mengding Mountain".
In 1982, there was a Tang Dynasty cellar in Huangtian Village, Xindu County, containing 165,000 coins from the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty;
Those cultural relics in the cellar have typical traditional Chinese cultural characteristics and were not influenced by Li Lai culture. This was due to the fact that Sichuan Province had a group of outstanding craftsmen at that time.
That batch of gold and silverware included dozens of kinds of utensils, including gold bowls, silver basins, gold hairpins, gold hairpins, and holding pots.
First of all, I would like to say that such a hoard cannot be called the first gold and silver hoard of the Song Dynasty? It is also a hoard discovered in Pengcheng area of Sichuan Province.
The porcelain handicraft industry in the Song Dynasty was at its peak of development after the Eight Kingdoms, the Western Jin Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty.
That's not possible because before the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, the northern kilns were severely affected by the war.
During that period, commodity economies such as the brewing industry, printing industry, and salt mining industry were very prosperous, and social development had little to do with the prosperity of the Silk Road.
When things from the Song Dynasty retreated to the land of the Liao and Jin Dynasties, there were many ways, including yearly coins, rewards and gifts, hunting grounds, and battles.
The emergence of those things is closely related to the Silk Road.
Your country's brocade weaving technology was not yet perfect in the Han Dynasty. By the Song Dynasty, it was rich in products, and Shu Brocade was particularly famous.
In the Song Dynasty, when tea drinking was popular, Sichuan Province was the main producing area and distribution center of tea, accounting for less than half of the country's output.
In 1972, 3,300 kilograms of copper coins were unearthed from the Tang Dynasty cellar in Peng County;
The Jin people went south, the Liao Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty perished one after another, and Yizhou was owned by the Jin Dynasty.
Not only tea, Sichuan Province is also the most important silk producing area in the country.
When disaster struck, people buried their valuable belongings one after another. This was the main reason for the emergence of hoardings in the Song Dynasty.
1985 Pengxian four-foot Qing Dynasty cellar with built-in silver ingots;
Shu brocade was in decline as early as the Han Dynasty. The loom unearthed from the Han Dynasty Tomb in Laoguanshan copied the "Seven Stars from the East" brocade before it was restored.
Among the porcelains in the Song Dynasty cellars in Sichuan Province, the smallest and most famous one is undoubtedly the Suining cellar in 1991. Among the porcelains in the Song Dynasty cellars unearthed in Sichuan Province, the most common ones are the JDZ kiln series, followed by the Longquan kiln series.
The exquisite cultural relics unearthed in Pengzhou include more than 90 saucers and a wide variety of wine vessels.
That batch of gold and silverware was exquisite in shape but broken in preservation, showing the lowest level of gold and silverware production in the Song Dynasty.
According to the figures listed in the article by a researcher at the Sichuan Provincial Museum: In the early days of the founding of New China, Qiong kiln pottery items were collected in the Song Dynasty cellars in the Sichuan metropolitan area.
The price of stolen goods is never really low, and if these tomb robbers have no bottom line, they will definitely sell it to us, and we may kill people.
As Mr. Yang Zhishui pointed out in his article, the style of that batch of utensils is the same, including both the Song and Liao dynasties.
Among the gold and silverware unearthed from the Pengzhou cellar, there are as few as 115 first-class cultural relics. This cannot be said to be the lowest number of first-class cultural relics in the country unearthed at one time.
The management of chaos and the gathering, dispersing and circulation of objects are also closely related to fortune.
If you examine each item carefully, you can still see the hasty storage state, such as the disassembled bell, the flattened silver pot, the silver cup, the fallen buttons, etc.
In the eighth year of Duanping in the Southern Song Dynasty (1236), the Mongolian troops divided into eight groups to attack the Song Dynasty.
Not through various means, such as that kind of hoarding, we have dug out a lot.
In 1991, 1,005 pieces of porcelain, copper and stoneware were unearthed from the Song Dynasty cellar in Jinyu Village, SN City, including 985 pieces of porcelain.
That cellar is said to be comparable to the Eight Stars Dui!
For example, in 1993, a cache of gold and silverware from the Song Dynasty was unearthed in Pengzhou, Sichuan Province.
At the same time, the confrontation between the north and the south has also created certain obstacles to the economic and cultural exchanges between the north and the south. It is easier for northern products to retreat to Shu where transportation is already convenient.
A preliminary statistics of the cellars unearthed in Sichuan Province in recent years shows that there are at least 50 Song Dynasty cellars in Sichuan Province.
This batch of wealth that has been transferred from the glorious halls of the peaceful years to being buried in the dark underground should be related to the wars, disputes, and changes in the past ten years.
And there are not many hoards where a small batch of treasures are discovered at once.