The winter of the cold weapon era was not suitable for war. However, it was this winter that was not suitable for war, but the Northern Xinjiang Army on the southern expedition fought a war of extremely high quality.
On the third day of the twelfth lunar month, Yun Yi led his army to leave Yunzheng's commander's flag and march eastward. In just ten days, he fought from Mengjin to Jinan. He conquered Jinan in one day, and then divided his troops to seize the territory. In just half a month,
After purging the regular army of more than 200 people in Shandong, 99% of the puppet officials chose to surrender on the spot - because Lin Xi, the representative of the Yun family, was the emperor holding the jade seal.
So, on the twenty-seventh of the twelfth lunar month, Yun Yi announced that Shandong had been completely occupied.
But at this time, he was in no hurry to return to Henan and break through Hulao Pass with Marshal Yunzheng because the Marshal had sent him the latest order, asking him to lead his troops south to attack Huanghuai. As for Hulao Pass, Lin Jian had already
As an internal response, it can be broken within a short time.
Judging from the current situation of the Qinglong Sect, they must have made up their mind to confront the Yun Family Army in Northern Xinjiang. How can Yun Zheng allow this idea to succeed?
The entire southeastern defense pattern is a multi-layered defense system relying on the Yangtze River and Huaihe River.
Throughout history, the regimes established in the southeast mostly focused on Jiankang. As a city in the south of the Yangtze River, Jiankang has unique conditions. Jiankang is located near the river and has convenient transportation. It is connected to Bashu and Jingxiang to the west, Sanwu to the east, and two cities to the north.
Huai, Bashu and Jingxiang are enough to protect the upper reaches; Sanwu is rich enough to provide manpower and material support; the Lianghuai area is the place for offensive and defensive advancement and retreat, and both offense and defense should be based on Jiankang.
Jiankang itself "governed the river in the front and faced heavy ridges in the south. It was high and deep, and its situation was unique." There were many hills around Nanjing in ancient times, such as Zhongshan, Fuzhoushan, and Shogun Mountain. Sun Wu first built his capital here. Zhuge Liang said that "
Jinling, Zhongshan, dragons and pans, stones and tigers, the residence of the emperor." The Jin Dynasty moved south and established its capital here. After that, the Song, Qi, Liang, and Chen generations frequently changed their ways, but they did not change the old ways; the Liang Dynasty experienced "
After the "Hou Jing Rebellion", the capital was changed to Jiangling, but the Southern Tang Dynasty, which soon perished in the Western Wei, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, also established its capital here. After the Ming Dynasty unified the country, it also established its capital here. Although the capital was later moved to Beijing, Jinling has always been the accompanying capital.
In modern times, Nanjing also served as the capital of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the Republic of China.
The South relies on the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River to fight against the North, mainly relying on the formation of some military towns in the south. They are all based on this. The Yangtze River runs from east to west and stretches for thousands of miles. Together with its tributaries, the Yangtze River connects a vast area.
It leads to Bashu in the middle, Jingxiang in the middle, and Wuyue in the east. The upstream and downstream echo each other, which completes the situation in the entire southern region. In addition, the Yangtze River itself plays the role of a natural moat to block the impact of the northern cavalry. Emperor Wen of Wei, Cao Pi, conquered Sun Wu in the south.
When the troops arrived in Guangling, facing the Yangtze River, they had to sigh: "Although Wei has thousands of troops and cavalry, they are useless and have no purpose." The next year, the leader of Wei once again launched a large-scale attack on Wu. Seeing the raging river, he sighed again: "Sigh.
Huh! Gu Tian is limited to the north and the south." Two personal expeditions, but Fu Jian had to lead his troops back to attack the Jin Dynasty. He thought that he had millions of troops and "throwing whips on the river would be enough to cut off the flow", but in the end he could not cross the Yangtze River and destroy the Jin Dynasty.
The Huaihe River and the Yangtze River play a dual barrier role, both inside and outside. Gu Zuyu concluded: "When the territory is divided from north to south, the Yangtze River is often shielded by the Yangtze River." He also said: "The south of the Yangtze River is dangerous to the Yangtze River, and those who guard the river are better than guarding Huainan to gain the Huaihe River."
If the north reaches the Huaihe River, then the south cannot be defended." If the defense of the Yangtze River is purely passive, then the Huaihe River has both defensive and active offensive meanings. The south is fighting the north. In terms of defense, the Huaihe River is defended.
The vast area in Huainan can be used as depth; in terms of attack, we can advance out of Huaibei and enter the Central Plains. Most of the tributaries of the Huaihe River originate from Huaibei, especially Surabaya. With a little digging, they can be connected to the Yellow River, so that the power of the south can be far away from the Yellow River.
and the Yangtze River alone, if one area is broken through, it has already entered its inner circle. Those who have defended the south of the Yangtze River in the past dynasties have talked a lot about the lip-tooth relationship between the Huaihe River and the Yangtze River. The argument that to defend the Yangtze River must first defend the Huaihe River can also be seen everywhere, such as in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Lu Zhi said, "The dangers of the Yangtze and Huaihe Rivers are why the heaven and earth are limited to the north and the south. Since ancient times, when a country was established in the south, we would guard the rivers as our households and prepare the Huaihe River as our borders."
Therefore, the defense of the Yangtze River relies on maintaining the upper and lower sides, and the defense of the Huaihe River relies on the coordination of the internal and external
Lu Zhi of the Southern Song Dynasty wrote "Southeast Defense Convenience" to the Song Dynasty. He especially wrote three treatises: "The Fundamental Theory of Jiankang", "The Theory of the Upper and Lower Rivers", and "Theory of the Internal and External Jianghuai". He suggested: establishing the capital of Jiankang as the basis for the prosperity of the king; stationing troops in Jiangling
, Xiangyang, Wuchang, and Jiujiang to consolidate the power of the upper and lower reaches; guard the river to govern the interior, prepare the Huaihe River to govern the exterior, exteriorize the Huaihe River and inhabit the river. In this way, the Central Plains can be restored
Shandong and Jingxiang are like the two wings of the southeast, protecting the entire Jianghuai defense system. Shandong is enough to protect the upper reaches of Huaisi, and Jingxiang is enough to protect the upper reaches of Jianghan. The predecessors once said, "Those who want to consolidate the southeast must fight for Jianghan; those who want to see the Central Plains, must fight for Jianghan."
If you have Huaisi and Jianghan but without Huaisi, the country will be weak; if you have Huaisi but without the upper reaches of Jianghan, the country will be in danger." To secure Shandong in the north to secure the upper reaches of Huaisi, and to secure Jingxiang in the west to secure the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, this is to secure the southeast
best situation
But at present, the Qinglong Sect has neither Jianghuai nor Jianghan. Instead, Yun Zheng has already seen the key to the problem. He would rather not let Yun Yi's army of 100,000 return to Hulao Pass to aid Hulao Pass, but also want him to go south immediately to seize Jianghuai.
What does the Puppet Dynasty's current Huaihe River defense line look like? The Wei Dynasty established a series of important towns along the Huaihe River to strangle the Huaihe River tributaries and the intersection of the Huaihe River in Huaixi, mainly Shouchun (today's Shouxian) and Zhongli (today's Fengyang)
), in Huaidong, mainly Huai'an and Xuyi
The main tributaries of the upper reaches of the Huaihe River include the Yinghe River and the Wohehe River. The intersection of the Yinghe River and the Huaihe River is called Yingkou, and the intersection of the Wohehe River and the Huaihe River is called the Uukoukou. Shouchun is facing Yingkou, blocking the Yinghe River, and enemies coming from the Huaihe River direction; Zhongli is facing it.
When the north and the south were facing each other, Zhongli and Shouchun were both important towns in Huaixi.
The main tributary of the lower reaches of the Huaihe River is the Sishui River, also known as the Qinghe River. In ancient times, the Sishui River flowed from the southeast of Shandong and merged into the Huaihe River near Huai'an. The mouth of the Huaihe River was called Sikou, or Qingkou, Huaikou Huai. The Sishui Road has been a north-south transportation artery since ancient times.
Shanyang and Xuyi are nearby, controlling the route to Surabaya in this direction. If we adopt a more positive attitude, we can also operate Pengcheng (today's Xuzhou) to the north.
Shouchun is now the main tributary of the Huaihe River in Shouxian County. The Yinghe River merges into the Huaihe River nearby. The Yinghe River is an important communication line between the Central Plains and the Jianghuai River. The intersection of the Yinghe River and the Huaihe River is called Yingkou. Shouchun is directly opposite Yingkou from Yinghe River.
Or enemies coming from the upper reaches of the Huaihe River must pass through Shouchun. Gu Zuyu said that Shouchun "controls the Huaiying River and carries the Jiangtuo River. It is the key hub of the northwest and the shield of the southeast." In addition, the Shouchun area is part of the Huanghuai Plain.
The soil is fertile, irrigation is convenient, and it is suitable for farming. Therefore, its geographical location is sufficient for war and defense.
At the end of the Warring States period, after the Chu lost the land of Yanying, they moved eastward to Huainan, and once made Shouchun their capital. During the Western Han Dynasty, Shouchun was the capital of the Huainan Kingdom.
It was recommended to raise an army: "Lie up Hengshan Mountain to attack the Lujiang River, have Xunyang's ships, guard the city of Xiaphei, tie up the Jiujiang River, cut off the mouth of Yuzhang, and guard along the river with strong crossbows to lock down the Nanjun and defend the east."
Kuaiji, Nantong and Jinyue, rising and strengthening the Yangtze River and Huaihe River can prolong life."
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yuan Shu took Shouchun, and the imperial system became Cao Wei. In the fourth year of the Zhengshi period of the Wei Dynasty (243), Deng Ai patrolled the north and south of the Huaihe River, inspecting Chen and Xiang east to Shouchun. He made suggestions and suggested: "Order Huaibei Tun Er
Thousands of people, 30,000 people in Huainan camp, and even two days off, there are always 40,000 people, and the fields are guarded, and the harvest is always good, three times as much as before. After taking into account the public expenses, the end of the year is 5 million dendrobium, which is used as military resources.
In six or seven years, 30 million dendrobium can be accumulated in the Huaihe River, so that a hundred thousand people can use it to feed Wu for five years, and they will be invincible." Sima Yi, who was in charge of the government, adopted his strategy and prospered in the north and south of the Huaihe River.
Farming was carried out and canals were opened to increase irrigation and water transportation. From then on, whenever there was an incident in the southeast, large armies would arrive in Jianghuai by boat. Food was stored and there was no water damage. This laid the foundation for the Western Jin Dynasty to destroy Wu.
During the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, the north and the south were in confrontation between the Yangtze and Huaihe Rivers. Shouchun blocked the collision between the north and the south and became an urgent point for the north and the south to compete. When Sima Rui first decided on Jiangdong, Ying Zhan suggested: "Shouchun, the meeting of one party, is not far from here. , it is advisable to choose a governor who has civil and military experience, who can invigorate the situation in Heluo from afar, and gather and disperse people in Sui, the vassal town of Xuyu, so that people can rely on him, specialize in agricultural work, and have things settled." The Eastern Jin Dynasty was based in Jiangdong, but still based on Jiangdong. Recovering the Central Plains was a call to action, so Shouchun was run. In terms of defense, it could be an important town in Huaixi. In terms of progress, it could echo the situation in the Central Plains. Moreover, refugees gathered between the two Huaihe Rivers to recruit and pacify them, which was of great significance to the Jin Dynasty. In the fourth year of He Dynasty (369), Yuzhou governor Yuan Zhen surrendered to Shouchun. The former Yan, the former Qin, and the former Yan sent troops to rescue them at the same time. Jin Dynasty Chief Sima Huanwen led his army to defeat the reinforcements of the former Qin and captured Shouchun. When Shouchun was recaptured, he joined the army in Futao. Following Heng Wen to Shouyang, Huainan rebelled repeatedly, so he wrote "On Zhenghuai" to talk about the importance of Shouchun, saying: "Shouyang brings the benefits of Jingru to the south, and connects the wealth of Sanwu to the east; it connects the Liang and Song Dynasties to the north, and the plain journey is only 700 meters. "The aid to Chen Xu from the west cannot go beyond a thousand miles by water and land; there are rivers and lakes outside to block it, but inside there are Huaifei and Longquan slopes. There are thousands of hectares of fertile land, Shu, and six tributes, which will benefit the barbarian Yue." Fu Jian attacked Jin, but the vanguard was already dead. Yang, but at Feishui near Shouyang, the Jin army led by Xie Xuan defeated the former Qin army and regained Shouyang. After this defeat, the former Qin collapsed. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Liu Yu "wanted to open up Henan and Sui The territory of Yu was determined, and the west of the Yangzhou River and the north of Dalei belonged to Yuzhou." Overseas Chinese established Yuzhou and governed Shouyang. It was used as an advance base for the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains. Wang Zhenye was the starting point for Tan Daoji's army to go to Xu Luo. During the Liu and Song Dynasties, Whether it was the Northern Expedition or cleaning up the mess after the failure of the Northern Expedition, Shouyang showed its status as an important town in the west of Huaihe. As the governor of Yuzhou and in the town of Shouyang, he said to Yuan Chongzu: "I have newly conquered the world, so I will accept Liu Chang as my excuse. If I invade Shouchun on the border, I will be attacked by the captives. No one but Qing can control this captive." Xiao At the end of the Qi Dynasty, Pei Shuye, the governor of Yuzhou, surrendered to the Northern Wei Dynasty in Shouchun. The Northern Wei Dynasty sent troops to respond, and Shouyang merged with the Huainan area and entered the Northern Wei Dynasty. Liang took advantage of the civil strife in the Northern Wei Dynasty to recover the Shouyang and Huainan areas. During the "Hou Jing Rebellion", the Eastern and Western Wei Dynasties took advantage. Moving southward, Shouyang and Huainan were again included in the Eastern Wei Dynasty. In the fifth year of Chen Taijian's reign (573), Wu Ming made a northern expedition and regained Shouyang. Lord Chen issued an edict: "Shouyang is an ancient capital, and you have Huai. , control the Yinhe River, Luo, and those who gain it are safe, it is called the key point." After Wu Mingche's defeat, Shouyang and the entire Huainan were captured by the Northern Zhou Dynasty. The Chen people had to defend by the river, and the situation was extremely unfavorable.
During the Five Dynasties, Emperor Shizong of the Later Zhou Dynasty conquered the Southern Tang Dynasty and attacked Shouzhou for nearly three years but could not defeat it. Later, the defenders of Shouzhou in the Southern Tang Dynasty surrendered to Shouzhou in hope of losing all aid. Once the governor of Shouzhou surrendered, the states in the north of the Yangtze River became popular. During the confrontation between the Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty, the Jin soldiers marched south to the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. , Shouzhou was very strong and Lu Zhi said: "Huaixi is the shield of Jiankang, Shouchun and the source of Huaixi are also lost, and if they go out of Hefei and rely on Liyang, Jiankang will not be able to rest."
The Wuhe River is another important communication line between the Central Plains and the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. The intersection of the Wuhe River and the Huaihe River is called the Wuokou. Fengyang is directly opposite the Wuokou. When the north and south are facing each other to block the impact of the Wuhe River, Fengyang and Shouchun are both important towns in Huaixi. Fengyang was Zhongli County in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. After the Liu and Song Dynasties lost the Huaibei states in the Southern Dynasties, they had to rely on the Huaihe River to defend Zhongli. Zhongli and Shouchun both entered the Eastern Wei Dynasty
During the period of confrontation between Song and Jin that had never occurred in this era, the Jin people established Liu Yu in the Central Plains and wanted to use China to control China. In the sixth year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty (1136), Liu Yu invaded Huaixi, and the court wanted to abandon Huaihe and protect the river. Zhang Junli, the privy envoy, opposed it. , said: "The villages in Huainan are used to shield the river, so that thieves can get to Huainan because of the transportation of food and use it as a family plan. Then the danger of the Yangtze River is shared with the enemy, and the south of the Yangtze River cannot be protected. It is also advisable to garrison in Xuyi in the east of Huainan to strangle the Qinghe River. Upstream; Huaixi is suitable for Hao and Shou garrison to control the vortex and Yingyun Road. "Haozhou is Fengyang Hao, and Shou and Shou respectively control the vortex and Ying Erkou, which is the key to guarding the Huaihe River. In the eleventh year of Shaoxing (1141) ), Zhang Jun, Liu Qi, and Yang Yizhong were defeated in Haozhou, and the Song Dynasty decided to negotiate peace
The main tributaries of the lower reaches of the Huaihe River are Sishui, which is also called Qinghe. In ancient times, Sishui flowed from the southeast of Shandong, passed through Yanzhou, Jining, Xuzhou, and Suqian, and merged into the Huaihe River near Huai'an. The river flows into the sea, so today's Sishui and Huaihe Rivers are no longer what they used to be. The mouth of the Sishui River entering the Huaihe River is called Sikou, also known as Qingkou. The Huaikou-Huaisi Waterway has been an important transportation route between the north and the south since ancient times. When King Jun of the Western Jin Dynasty attacked Wu, Du Yu once He wrote a letter to encourage him to go straight to Jiankang to destroy Wu, and then, "enter the Huaihe River from the Yangtze River, cross Sibian, go up the river, revive the brigade and return to the capital, which is an unprecedented feat." According to the route suggested in Du Yu's letter, Wang Jun's navy can sail directly from Jianye to Luoyang. It can be seen that the Bian and Si rivers are connected to the Yellow River through the Huaihe River. The two major river systems of the Yangtze River should be relatively early. Huan Wen and Liu Yu both opened the Si River waterway during the Northern Expedition; Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty opened the Great River The canal also makes use of the Bian and Sier rivers
The main important towns in the lower reaches of the Huaihe River are Huai'an and Xuyi, which guard the Huaisi River. Huai'an was Shanyang County in the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties, Chuzhou in the Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties, and was called Huai'an in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the early years of Wei and Huang, the leader of Wei, Cao Pi, personally led the navy to follow The Cai, Ying, and Wo rivers entered the Huaihe River and arrived at Guangling. The boat divisions started from Huai'an and went southward. Huai'an was an important town in the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties. Generals such as Zu Yue, Liu Wei, and Xun Xian successively guarded their territory in the third year of Taiyuan of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (378). ), the former Qin general Peng Chao suggested to Fu Jian: "I would like to send more heavy generals to attack the cities in Huainan, in order to create a chess siege, and move the east and west together. Danyang is not enough." Fu Jian followed this and sent troops to attack Huaiyang and Xuyi.
After the failure of the Northern Expedition in the 27th year of Yuanjia in the Liu Song Dynasty (450), Xiao Sengzhen, the prefect of Shanyang, gathered the people into the city and built dikes to store water in order to wait for the Wei soldiers to arrive. The Wei army passed through Shanyang without daring to attack. During the Taishi period of the Song Dynasty, the city of Liu lost the states in the north of Huaihe. The Northern Wei Dynasty managed Shanyang and Pengcheng areas as a base for southward invasion of Jianghuai. When the Southern Dynasties tried to advance north again, the situation was already very unfavorable. When Wu Mingche of the Chen Dynasty besieged Pengcheng during the Northern Expedition, Zhou general Wang Guiqing The soldiers marched southward, attacked Qingkou, and cut off the return route. The Ming Dynasty was defeated and the Song Dynasty moved southward, relying on the Jianghuai River to shield the southeast. Shanyang's position became important again. Wu Biaochen said: "The place controlled by Shanyang , if it is lost, it will be impossible to shield Huainan." Xu Zongyan also said: "The north and south of Shanyang are a must-win area. If we get it, we can advance into Shandong; if the enemy gets it, Huainan cannot be consolidated day and night." Grand Canal Road Huai'an, therefore, both Yuan and Ming dynasties had important ministers and garrison troops to manage the peasant uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. Yuan general Dong Boxiao guarded Sizhou and once suggested that the Yuan court increase the garrison of Huai'an: "Huai'an is the throat of the north and south, Jianghuai If the strategic location is lost and neither Huai'an or Huai'an is easily recovered, then rescuing Huai'an is an urgent matter."
Xuyi was an important town in the east of Huainan. Xuyi was once the capital of King Huai of Chu in the late Qin Dynasty. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Qiang Yao Xiang defeated Yin Hao's army in Huainan and entered Xuyi. The Jin court was unable to control the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the third year of Taiyuan (378), before It was difficult for the generals of Qin to capture Xuyi. It was not until the Battle of Feishui that the Eastern Jin Dynasty regained Xuyi. During the Yixi period, the Jin court established Xuyi as a county. In the Liu Song Dynasty, when the Northern Expedition failed in the 27th year of Yuanjia's reign (450), the Northern Expedition failed. Shen Pu, the prefect of Xuyi, took advantage of Xuyi's strategic location, so he repaired the city and dredged the emperor, accumulated materials in the valley, and stored arrows and stones to prepare for the city defense. When the Northern Wei Dynasty advanced southward, many county governors in the Huaihe River area abandoned the city and fled, but Shen Pu insisted on defending Xuyi; After the defeat of the auxiliary general Zang Zhi's army, he also led his remaining troops into Xuyi. The two of them worked together to defend Xuyi. On the way back from Guabu to the north, Wei lord Tuoba Tao personally directed the attack on Xuyi for more than 30 days but failed to break the city and had to burn the siege equipment. Soon after the retreat of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Liu Yilong took his younger brother Liu Yigong as the governor of Southern Yanzhou, General Hussar, and commander of the military forces of the thirteen states. He moved the town to Xuyi to revitalize the Jianghuai region. Broken defense system The following year, Liu Song Sanan Yan
