In recent years, "The Origin of Olmec Civilization" by Xu Hui, a professor at Central State University in Oklahoma, and "Illustrations of American Totems" by Chinese scholar Wang Dayou and others have further clarified the basis for the theory that the Yin people migrated eastward to America. Therefore, this theory
, is almost universally recognized.
Han Kongque and Cheng Jun looked at all the caves, but apart from this one, they found nothing.
"Maybe there are good things in the buried cave at the bottom." Cheng Jun finally said.
Han Kongque said with a smile: "Even if there is, it won't be discovered in a short time."
The two worked hard all morning and waited until the sun turned west before walking out of the cave and sitting on a lawn to rest.
"What are you going to do with these things?" Cheng Jun asked.
Han Peacock said with a smile: "What else can I do? Of course I can't be Lei Feng. Besides, Americans don't know Lei Feng, so I plan to buy the surrounding mountain land and build a park without doing any other development."
Already."
"Buy it privately?" Cheng Jun continued to ask accurately.
Han Peacock glanced at him and said: "Of course they were bought by private individuals. These things are a problem in China. In the United States, they are regarded as general property and belong to the landowner."
"All the things I found belong to you?" After a moment of silence, Cheng Jun asked again.
Han Kongque said: "Although there are many unreasonable things here, I have to say that there are benefits to having rules and order. For example, if I buy this place, everything here will belong to me."
"Americans don't have cultural relics laws?" Cheng Jun didn't believe it. He didn't believe that the U.S. government was that selfless.
Han Peacock said with a smile: "Why not? The earliest cultural relics protection law in the United States is called the Antiquities Act. The earliest cultural relics protection law in the United States should be the Antiquities Act enacted in 1906. The main purpose of enacting this law is to protect
Prehistoric Indian sites in the United States, and artifacts located on federal lands and western lands.
This law authorizes the issuance of permits for legitimate archaeological excavations and imposes penalties for individuals who remove archaeological finds or destroy cultural relics without permission.
The United States promulgated the Federal Antiquities Preservation Act in 1906, which stipulates that no person may appropriate, excavate, damage or destroy any historical or prehistoric site, monument or antiquities owned or controlled by the government without the approval of the government department.”
"As long as it's on private land, there's no problem?" Cheng Jun said helplessly.
Han Peacock nodded and said: "Yes, as long as it is on private land, in the United States, you can dig it if you want. In the United States, private landowners own not only the land, but also the mineral rights under the land, which was very important at the time.
The earth has encouraged Americans to mine and explore on their own and embark on the road to wealth.
However, now, such a good thing is gone, but that is only in terms of mineral rights. The cultural relics government has not made new regulations, so as long as it is found on your land, it will be yours. If you want
Save some trouble and build parks, museums and other public welfare facilities, so that no one will cause trouble."
Cheng Jun was speechless, and Han Kongque could only smile bitterly. This was very unimaginable in China.
For example, recently, news came out in China that a person bought a 200-year-old ancient bridge. The ancient bridge originally belonged to a villagers group, and the 20,000 yuan spent to buy the bridge was divided by the villagers.
Later, their local cultural management department found him and informed him that the ancient bridge was a cultural relic and asked to return it. They also said that buying and selling cultural relics was suspected of being illegal.
But the person involved felt very wronged. When he bought the bridge, he did not know that the ancient bridge was a cultural relic. The cultural management department asked him to hand over the bridge stones for free. What about the 20,000 yuan he paid to the village group?
In October 2014, someone discovered an ancient bronze sword from the Warring States Period while working and voluntarily handed it over. The county cultural relics department issued him a certificate of honor and a 500 yuan reward.
In China, with the popularity of collecting and the awakening of personal rights protection awareness in recent years, people have also been arguing over the ownership of antique cultural relics.
In recent years, there have been many cases of surrendering cultural relics. The surrenderers only had a small cash reward and a certificate, which was far from the value of the cultural relics themselves, which also triggered a series of discussions.
In addition, the inadequate protection of cultural relics by relevant departments has been questioned, and many loopholes have been exposed in the laws related to the collection of cultural relics.
Coincidentally, in another place, there is also a 200-year-old stone bridge that was a cultural relic. It was recently demolished by the construction team. Government officials said that they were not aware that the stone bridge was a historical relic.
Therefore, there is no rule without rules. The biggest problem in China is that there are not so many rules and regulations, but in the United States, there are regulations for everything, including farming and building houses. In this way, as long as there is a problem, things should be handled in accordance with the law.
That’s it.
Being snatched away by Han Peacock, Cheng Jun said unconvincingly: "The relevant laws and regulations for the protection of cultural relics in our country stipulate that handed down cultural relics and ancestral cultural relics can be collected, auctioned, unearthed underground, underwater, and unearthed cultural relics belong to the state. Once discovered, they must be
Immediately report relevant cultural relics units, including cultural relics unearthed under private homesteads.
Is there anything difficult to understand about this provision? Or is there something unclear about the provisions? Since it is clear and we act in accordance with the law, isn’t there a law to follow and a law must be followed?”
A smile appeared on Han Peacock's face: "Enforcement must be strict, and violations must be punished, right?"
"Is this wrong?" Cheng Jun asked.
Han Kongque said: "This is correct. For example, in December 1949, Zou, a classmate and friend of the great man, wrote to the great man and received a personal reply. Zou treasured the great man's reply as a family heirloom.
However, in 1977, the then County Archives sent someone to 'borrow' the letters but never returned them. The Zou family only got a copy back, but relevant personnel from the archives said that letters from great men should be kept by the state.
The letter has now been handed over to relevant departments in the capital.
But the daughter of the Zou family said that for 38 years, she and her family have been trying to recover this letter, but no one has responded. What kind of bullshit is this? Isn’t this nonsense? Why do they take other people’s letters? Here
According to what law?"
After being silent for a while, Cheng Jun said: "Such an issue involving the ownership of the collection rights of leaders' items has no precedent in the country, and it is difficult to define it legally."
"You are truly worthy of being an official. It seems that the Zou family also received such a reply." Han Kongque said with a bitter smile.
Han Peacock can be regarded as hating iron but not steel. If you don't go abroad, you will see how chaotic, dangerous and poor foreign countries are. Only when you really go abroad and take a look can you know what it means to report sorrow instead of good news.
When I went abroad, I realized that things were not so bad abroad, and things at home were not so good. Only when I went abroad did I realize that many things that were banned at home were found everywhere abroad.
In the more than half a month since he came to the United States, Han Peacock has learned a lot about the situation. A considerable number of cultural relics are circulating in the United States. These have been smuggled abroad in the past 20 years or so.
According to a 2014 report by the U.S. Business Weekly, China, as an ancient civilization, has millions of dollars worth of antiques, including jadeite, porcelain vases, and ancient paintings by celebrities, being taken out of China by speculators through low-price customs declarations and other means every year.
.
Recently, there has been a lot of buzz about the Chinese flesh Buddha statues on display in Europe. It is reported that they are likely to be stolen cultural relics in China.
The large number of cultural relics and sites has brought difficulties to the protection of cultural relics. A large number of cultural relics and historic sites have been treated indifferently, and more "non-national treasure" cultural relics and historic sites have become victims of economic construction and urban development.
The Yongchang Mausoleum of Zhao Kuangyin, Emperor Taizu of the Song Dynasty, is currently scattered in the wheat fields in front of the mausoleum. Passers-by trample on it and take photos. Why is this?
Because these things belong to the country, no one cares about them. Even if they are destroyed, it is not their own loss. And are foreign systems really that selfish?
So how can foreign cultural relics be disposed of? Are other people's methods more conducive to protecting cultural relics?
Some Western countries stipulate that relics from a hundred years ago are considered cultural relics.
Western countries have long passed laws that have given those who discover relics, buried objects, hidden objects, etc. the right to claim compensation, and have clarified the proportion of the total value that the reward should account for.
If there are laws to follow, you can dig with confidence and boldness. In China, the land is not privately owned, and digging for treasure illegally will be in vain.
In February 2014, a couple in California, USA, dug up 1,427 ancient gold coins from the 19th century in their yard, worth up to US$10 million. This is very likely to be the most valuable ancient gold coins unearthed in the history of the United States.
However, private individuals do not have the right to monopolize treasures excavated outside private land. In this regard, the U.S. Archaeological Resources Protection Act has detailed provisions, and illegal monopolists may go to jail.
According to the Associated Press, in 2005, a man named Scott from Utah, USA, accidentally discovered a treasure that was more than 150 years old while hiking in the desert mountains. It contained 10 boxes of gold bricks and was worth at least tens of millions.
Dollar.
Unable to reach an appropriate "discovery reward" agreement with the U.S. government, Scott finally chose to let the treasure be buried where it was, and the government was helpless.
The Schmitt family in Florida, USA, found gold jewelry worth a total of US$300,000 near a shipwreck site on the Atlantic coast, including a 19-meter-long gold chain. According to the laws of the United States and Florida, they have the right to excavate the site.
The company will share at least 80% of the treasure.
In fact, not only in the United States, but also in the United Kingdom, treasures found can be sold to museums.
According to the British Treasure Act enacted in 1996, any other items found at the location where the treasure was found can be classified as "treasure" regardless of what materials they are made of.
Usually, these treasures end up in the collection of the British Museum or local museums, as long as the museum purchases them from the discoverers and landowners at market prices.
So, if we can't handle it as it is in the United States, is it also a way to handle it as it should be?
In this way, will the protection and excavation of cultural relics be better? (To be continued.) Mobile phone users please visit http://m.piaotian.net