Chapter 316: Gathering the Wool of Western Countries
Hearing Senior Brother Fan's question, Xu Chuan smiled and replied.
"There is no one who is optimistic about the research and development of superconducting materials. Everyone is currently exploring."
"I chose copper-carbon-silver composite material because the mathematical model produced by our laboratory can help it to a certain extent."
Hearing this, Fan Pengyue nodded and said: "This is okay. Some of the parameter information of these materials has been entered according to what you explained before."
Xu Chuan smiled and said: "Yes, there are two tasks for the institute next. One is to collect and purchase some data on high-temperature superconducting materials. There is no need to be too hasty in this regard, and there is no need to force it. We can collect the best.
It doesn’t matter if you can’t collect it.”
"The main task is to conduct experiments on copper-carbon-silver composite materials. Each official researcher can be arranged to bring two deputies to conduct experiments starting with low-temperature superconducting materials and then develop towards high-temperature superconducting materials. Record the data for each experiment.
.”
Fan Pengyue nodded, stood up and took out a notebook from his desk, wrote down Xu Chuan's request and asked:
"Are there any other requirements? Should we only take low-temperature and high-temperature routes, or should we also include high-voltage routes?"
【In view of the general environment,
At present, there are two main paths for the industry and materials community to explore superconducting materials.
"Ultra-low temperature" and "Ultra-high pressure".
In fact, there is no such thing as room temperature superconductivity.
Professor Langa Dias of the University of Rochester, one of the Ivy League schools in the United States, and his team used a carbon-containing hydrogen sulfide system to break the record of the critical temperature of superconductors.
His team used a diamond anvil, a research device used to test trace amounts of materials at extremely high pressures, or prepared a special carbon-containing hydrogen sulfide system to form superconducting compounds at extremely high pressures.
.
As the pressure of this superconducting compound continues to increase, the superconducting transition temperature becomes higher and higher.
This material can achieve superconducting at room temperature when the pressure reaches 267±10 gigabar, which is approximately 2.6 million times the atmospheric pressure at sea level.
But to be honest, this can only be used as data research material and has no practical significance.
After all, it is very difficult to create a pressure environment of 10,000 atmospheres on a large scale. Therefore, the use of ultra-low temperatures is the only way to commercialize superconducting phenomena at this stage.
However, since Xu Chuan proposed to conduct superconducting experiments, he naturally wanted to ask whether only temperature superconducting should be conducted or pressure superconducting should also be conducted.
After all, high-voltage superconducting experiments can also bring certain data experience, which is still helpful for subsequent research.
Xu Chuan: "No, if you can exchange the ultra-high-voltage superconducting experiments with other laboratories or buy some basics, you can, but there is no need to do it yourself."
"In addition, another group of people can be arranged to conduct an analysis of the low-temperature and high-temperature superconducting materials currently available in the world."
"You don't have to be a researcher to do this. Doctoral students and intern researchers can do it."
"We mainly analyze the electronic structure of the material, the interaction between electrons, the energy band structure and other aspects. These can provide a certain basis for our own subsequent research."
Xu Chuan doesn’t know whether he can take the road of ultra-high voltage superconducting materials.
But anyway, when he was developing superconducting materials in his previous life, he did not take this path. He took the route from ultra-low temperature to low temperature and then to room temperature.
Compared with ultra-high voltage superconducting materials, this route is easier, and it is also the mainstream route for the current research and development of superconducting materials.
Although he can directly prepare copper-carbon-silver composite superconducting materials, it is obviously not scientific.
For now, it is better to do some related experiments honestly and accumulate some data before taking out superconducting materials.
Otherwise, there is no experimental data at all, and we go straight to copper-carbon-silver composite superconducting materials, which is completely inconsistent with the goals of material research and development.
The last time he studied
When issuing artificial SEI films, it can be regarded as straightforward.
Once again, it will be the more important superconducting material. It is estimated that by then, he will be surrounded by spies or people with malicious intentions.
To be on the safe side, it is better to follow the regular steps of material research and development step by step, so as not to add too much burden to the country.
Moreover, there is no need to take out the room-temperature superconducting materials directly at once. It is enough for the superconducting materials used in this controllable nuclear fusion reactor to be high-temperature superconducting.
The so-called high-temperature superconductivity actually does not refer to superconductivity under high-temperature conditions of hundreds or thousands of people as most people think. Instead, the temperature has been greatly increased based on the superconducting materials previously studied using liquid helium.
Generally speaking, the temperature of high-temperature superconducting usually refers to materials that are superconducting above the liquid nitrogen temperature of 77K (approximately 196 to 150 degrees Celsius).
Some people may think that how can this be called high-temperature superconductivity when it is close to minus 200 degrees Celsius?
But the fact is that in the era of liquid helium superconductivity, people often have to lower the temperature of low-temperature superconducting materials to minus 270 degrees.
The temperature of high-temperature superconductivity has increased by nearly 70 to 130 degrees. In contrast, when the high-temperature superconductivity phenomenon was discovered at that time, it was naturally called an increase in temperature.
At present, the research on high-temperature superconducting materials is still the most cutting-edge field in laboratories in various countries. The main research objects are copper-based superconductors and iron-based superconductors, which have not yet been applied on a large scale.
Therefore, Xu Chuan planned to sell the high-temperature superconducting phase results of copper-carbon-silver composite materials and make a fortune after completing them.
For him, this is a no-win situation.
There are currently very few high-temperature superconducting materials on the market that can be used in practical applications. Even the Large Strong Particle Collider currently uses low-temperature superconducting materials, which are frozen with liquid helium.
If you replace it with high-temperature superconducting and use liquid nitrogen for freezing, the cost can be reduced by hundreds or even thousands of times.
This chapter is not finished yet, please click on the next page to continue reading the exciting content! The simplest thing is the different prices of liquid helium and liquid nitrogen.
If liquid helium costs 1,000 yuan per ton, then liquid nitrogen costs 1 yuan per ton. Such a big gap is enough for high-temperature superconducting to be widely used in some fields that would otherwise be unavailable.
This is a relatively blank area, but the market is equally huge.
The laboratory also has to make money, and Xu Chuan has a big plan in mind that requires countless funds to support.
So if you can gather more wool from Western countries, just gather more.
...
"By the way, are you personally involved in this research and development of superconducting materials and carbon-based materials?"
In the office, Fan Pengyue asked curiously after remembering Xu Chuan's request.
This is very important to him or the entire institute. The participation of one more Nobel Prize winner will definitely increase the scientific research power exponentially.
And he also wanted to judge from this point whether this junior brother wanted to study these two materials on a whim or whether he was already certain about it.
If he personally participated in the research and development, there is a high probability that he would have been a little worried. If he did not participate, he might just want to accumulate some data and pave the way for the research.
Two different paths naturally cost different amounts of scientific research funds, and he had to control this aspect well.
Xu Chuan thought for a while and said, "I will not participate in the early research. After you have accumulated some experimental data, send the data to me first. I will study it first and then participate in the experiment."
Fan Pengyue nodded and said: "That's okay. If there are no other requirements, then we will proceed according to this plan."
"However, in order to study these things, there is still a lack of some equipment that needs to be purchased. Not to mention other things, a spin-resolved angle-resolved photoelectron spectrometer is a must, as well as ion doping equipment."
Xu Chuan: "Well, just make a list of these things for me. When it comes to scientific research equipment, you can't be frugal. Just buy what you need."
Scientific research equipment
and scientific researchers are one of the two keys to the scientific research process.
Just like the spin-resolved angle-resolved photoelectron spectrometer, one with top performance costs tens of millions, but without it, it is impossible to study the mechanism of superconductivity.
The process of measuring data is like fishing.
In this process, the angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy instrument is like a "fishing rod", the light source is the "fishing line" and the "fishhook", the superconducting sample under test is the "fish pond", and the electrons are the "small fish".
If you want to know what "fish" is in the "pond", you can "fish" it out and see.
Only with advanced angle-resolved photoelectron spectrometers can we know the electronic structure of superconducting materials, which is an important part of the study of superconducting mechanisms.
.......
After arranging the tasks of Sichuan-Hai Materials Research Institute, Xu Chuan returned to NTU.
As soon as he returned to Nanda, someone came to his door.
"Hey, Professor Zhou, why do you have time to come to my place?"
Xu Chuan stood up with a smile, greeted the middle-aged man in front of him, and then looked at the students following him to say hello.
The visitor was Professor Zhou Hai from the School of Mathematics, who was half his teacher. When he was an undergraduate, he had no tutor in mathematics because he followed Chen Zhengping in both physics and mathematics.
But Zhou Hai taught him a lot and laid a lot of foundation for him on the path of mathematics.
Zhou Hai smiled and joked: "The great professor of our school, the winner of the Nobel Prize and the Philippine Prize, still has to come over from time to time to make himself familiar?"
Xu Chuan smiled, bowed his hands, and said, "Please spare me."
Zhou Hai smiled and shook his head and said: "To get down to business, I want to ask if you have any plans to recruit students next year?"
Xu Chuan thought for a while and said, "I don't know yet. Does Professor Zhou want to recommend students to me?"
Zhou Hai nodded and said: "Well, I really want to recommend it to you."
As he said that, he kicked the student who was following behind him and cursed: "What are you doing standing behind, kid?"
Behind him, a young man stood up slightly awkwardly and greeted Xu Chuan: "Professor Xu, long time no see."
Xu Chuan looked at it twice and felt a bit familiar. He suddenly realized it and said with a smile: "Senior Brother Cai, long time no see."
Hearing this, Cai Peng waved his hands nervously and said, "Just call me Xiao Cai. Senior brother really can't afford it."
Xu Chuan smiled, and on the opposite side, Zhou Hai continued with a smile:
"Cai Peng, the student who studied for a Ph.D. with me before was the one who had a second graduation thesis title because of the Eyl-Berry conjecture when you were still an undergraduate student."
"But thanks to your interruption, this kid seems to have come to his senses in the past two years. He has become more fluent in mathematics and has already received an offer from Princeton."
"It's just that this kid doesn't seem to want to go abroad very much, so I wanted to ask you whether you will accept students next year. If possible, I would like to study with you for further study."
"Of course, if you have no plans next year, just let him go to Princeton."
........
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