Zhou Hexuan opened the window and looked down at Wangping Street (later Shandong Middle Road). This short street was active all day long, from dawn to midnight, and was noisy until night. Everyone on the street, men, women, old and young, was busy.
He is a newspaper seller.
This is the gathering place for newspapers in Shanghai. Newspapers are relatively cheap. Some people walk here to buy newspapers. There are also many newsboys here to buy newspapers. Especially at dawn every day, when declarations and news papers are published, it is like a torrent.
, passed Wangping Street and vented towards several nearby streets.
"Shanghai's newspaper industry is really prosperous." Zhou Hexuan couldn't help but sigh.
Shi Liangcai walked up to Zhou Hexuan, looked at the street scene below, and said with a smile: "It's all developed little by little. Eighteen years ago, when I took over the declaration, Wangping Street was still relatively remote, and beyond that there was even a wasteland.
.”
Zhou Hexuan smiled miserably: "Boss Shi, I suddenly thought of Huang Yuansheng and Shao Piaoping. It's not easy for people who run newspapers."
"It's not easy. Both of you are the backbone of Chinese journalists." Shi Liangcai said with emotion.
Huang Yuan was born and died during the reign of Yuan Shikai. He was firmly opposed to Yuan Shikai's proclaimed emperor. He fled to the United States to avoid pursuit by the Beiyang government, which resulted in even greater misunderstandings.
Huang Yuansheng's English name was Yuan-yung Huang (黄元苑). After reports in American newspapers, he was mistakenly thought to be a close relative of Yuan Shikai (Yuan, Yuan Tongyin), and he made a special trip to the United States to help Yuan Shikai advocate for the emperor.
So Huang Yuan died, being assassinated by the Revolutionary Party. The assassination order came from Sun Yat-sen, and Lin Sen, later chairman of the Nanjing National Government, was in charge of the command.
After the killing, it was discovered that the killing was wrong. The revolutionary party killed the revolutionary party and conveniently poured dirty water on Yuan Shikai.
So much so that the current mainstream view is that Yuan Shikai killed Huang Yuansheng. Huang Yuansheng is also known as "China's first truly modern journalist" and became a model for countless journalists during the Republic of China. Even in the 21st century, the journalism profession in New China
Textbooks still use the theory that Yuan Shikai assassinated Huang Yuansheng.
Of course Zhou Hexuan would not help Yuan Shikai redress his grievances. The leader, Sun Yat-sen, is now the founding father of the country, and the commander, Lin Sen, is also an important member of the Kuomintang. Their murders were mainly due to misunderstandings. And if Huang Yuansheng did not leave for the United States, he would most likely be poisoned by Yuan Shikai if he stayed in the country, at least not at all.
To be arrested and jailed.
But it is undeniable that Huang Yuansheng's death was a benchmark, standing like a monument in the republican press, inspiring countless republican journalists to fight for democracy and freedom.
Huang Yuansheng died at the hands of "Yuan Shikai", Shao Piaoping died at the hands of Zhang Zuolin, and Shi Liangcai was about to die at the hands of Chang Kaishen. It seems that no matter which dictator holds power, there will be people who want to "sacrifice" for it. The Republic of China
There is no shortage of people who are strong-willed and dare to tell the truth.
Zhou Hexuan said: "Chinese journalists must have their own organization."
"Does Mr. Zhou have a charter?" Shi Liangcai asked.
Zhou Hexuan took out a manuscript and said, "Mr. Shi, please read it. If there are any omissions, I can correct them."
Shi Liangcai took it over and looked at it carefully, and saw that the planning document was very complete, with details such as the "Declaration of the China Press Association" and the "Brand of the China Press Association".
What Shi Liangcai recognized most was that Zhou Hexuan also defined newspapers and summarized an "industry ethics":
"Newspapers have four major attributes:
First: political attributes. Newspapers are political tools, which is a basic journalism principle. However, no matter which party’s newspaper it is, it should follow the most basic principles, that is, it must not betray the country or the interests of the people, otherwise it is
National thief.
Second, the nature of news. Newspapers are the carrier of news dissemination, which is the most fundamental value of newspapers. News reports should be based on facts and must not distort reports or make random fabrications. This is the professional ethics of all reporters.
Third, cultural attributes. Newspapers are the carrier of cultural communication and a powerful tool for improving the quality of the people and broadening their horizons. Newspapers should not violate social morals, promote negative and vulgar views, and should not advocate vulgar and debauchery.
Fourth, the attributes of commodities. Newspapers are also commodities, and commodities naturally pursue profits. However, newspapers should not be ungrateful for profit. They should not take people's money to relieve others' misfortunes, nor should they publish false advertisements indiscriminately for the sake of advertising fees.
The professional ethics of newspaper reporters can be summarized in twelve words: do not betray the country, tell the truth, observe morality, and put righteousness first."
Shi Liangcai couldn't help but admire: "Mr. Zhou's great opinion, the four major attributes of a newspaper you summarized summarize all the characteristics that a newspaper should have. The professional ethics derived from this should also be regarded as the industry standards for all newspaper workers.
, Mr. Zhou is truly the number one theorist in the newspaper industry.”
Zhou Hexuan said: "I will ask people to contact the newspapers in the north. The south will have to ask Mr. Shi. Let's join hands and participate in the grand event!"
"Hahaha, Shi is honored to be able to participate in this grand event." Shi Liangcai laughed.
The next day, the declaration, Xinwen News and Ta Kung Pao simultaneously released information, calling on colleagues in the newspaper industry to jointly establish the "China Press Association", and published Zhou Hexuan's definition of the four major attributes of newspapers, as well as the "twelve-character professional ethics of newspaper workers"
”.
Due to the great influence of the three major newspapers, they immediately aroused enthusiastic responses from all walks of life, and cultural celebrities expressed their support for this. Morning News, New Tianjin News, Yishi News, Oriental Daily, Northeast Daily, West China Daily, Jinyang Daily and other newspapers across the country
, also published editorial responses one after another, and everyone agreed to gather in Shanghai during New Year's Day to discuss the preparations for the establishment of the "China Press Association".
The industry association is actually a group of interests. One is to maintain the order of the industry internally, and the other is to protect the interests of the industry externally.
Just like businessmen organizing chambers of commerce, only when they have strength can they resist foreigners and the government. When they are wronged, everyone works together as a group, and even the foreigners and the government have to bow their heads.
No, Chen Dezheng, who has been raging against the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce, was detained by Chang Kaishen under house arrest a few days ago. This is the Nanjing government's submission to the Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce.
Since the late Qing Dynasty, Chinese newspapers have often been suppressed by the government. Now someone has initiated the establishment of an industry guild, and immediately countless newspapers want to join, just to strengthen their own strength.
What Zhou Hexuan and Shi Liangcai did not expect was that the major organs and newspapers of the Kuomintang also wanted to get involved, and even wanted to control the soon-to-be-formed newspaper association.
After discussions between Zhou Hexuan and Shi Liangcai, they decided to set up "dual headquarters" and locate the two headquarters of the Press Association in Shanghai and Tianjin respectively. Even if the Kuomintang wanted to join, it would be difficult to reach the north.
The Kuomintang wants to use the Press Association to control the press, and the press can also use local forces to resist the Kuomintang.
For example, if the Nanjing government wants to deal with newspapers in Shanghai, newspapers in Shanxi, Northeast, and Guangdong and Guangxi can definitely stand up and help speak. These are areas beyond Chang Kaishen's reach.
By that time, the Kuomintang will have to think carefully about everything they do, and they will have to consider the consequences if they want to assassinate Shi Liangcai. (.)