Chapter 212 The idea of ??special enterprise reform
"Private enterprises have natural advantages. Although their emergence is good, they will also compete with many state-owned enterprises. I am afraid that those state-owned enterprises cannot compete with private enterprises."
Liu Lang nodded and said.
"You are right. Many local governments have raised this point, saying that doing so will cause the bankruptcy of state-owned enterprises. Alas, in fact, this is the process of reform. If enterprises without vitality are not finished now, they will have to do so sooner or later.
It’s over, it’s better to let this process happen as soon as possible.”
Wu He said.
Reform and opening up is definitely not achieved by a handful of people, but is carried out amid numerous contradictions. As private enterprises develop, their products will dominate the market, which will put state-owned enterprises in crisis. This is an inevitable result.
"Aren't state-owned enterprises now implementing the contracting system? Professor Wu, what do you think of the contracting system?"
Liu Lang asked.
"The contracting system will certainly release the enthusiasm of some employees, but it is only a temporary solution, not the root cause. Once a huge problem is encountered, managers will never take risks, and the owners do not understand management methods, and the end of the company will be tragic.
, so the contracting system is just a process of enterprise development.
In the end, privatization must be realized. Of course, this privatization must have limitations. Our country is a socialist country, and unlimited privatization is impossible. However, there is no problem at all for many irrelevant enterprises.
The country only needs to master those important means of production."
Wu He replied.
Liu Lang nodded. Wu He's view was very close to the strategy of "retreating the country and advancing the people" implemented by the country more than ten years later. That is, the country controls strategic materials such as energy, transportation, and electricity, and the remaining commodities are completely
Leave it to individuals, such as refrigerators, electric fans, televisions, and even cars. The state will completely give up control of these commodities and let you each do it according to your own ability. As long as you have the ability, the state will support it, but if you don't
There is nothing the country can do about it.
"Professor Wu, I have an idea."
Liu Lang suddenly spoke.
"Tell me and listen!"
Wu He liked talking to Liu Lang very much, because the other party always had some "wonderful ideas", and some of them even gave him a new perspective.
"Professor Wu, I think the country should now make some attempts to privatize enterprises, such as selling those enterprises that have been losing money every year to everyone, so that they can do it with confidence. If it gets bigger, the country can also collect taxes. If it doesn't work well, it will naturally
After being eliminated by the market, our country has established special zones in Shenzhen and Shenzhen markets. We can also carry out a special enterprise reform for these enterprises, throw them into the market, and then after a few years, we can privatize them with those enterprises that have not been privatized.
Compare the companies to see who has made greater contributions to the country, and this will illustrate the problem."
"Haha, Liu Lang, your idea is very creative! The country is engaged in special economic zone reform, and you have come up with a special enterprise reform. This is a new idea!"
Wu He touched his chin thoughtfully. It seemed that he was a little interested in Liu Lang's idea.
"To put it bluntly, our country's reform and opening up is a change in the economic system. If the planned economy is not easy to implement, we have to turn to other economic systems. Some people say that we should develop a contract system; some people say that we should develop a private sector.
Economically, no one can say whether these two methods are good or bad, but in the final analysis, we still have to
What falls on enterprises is to make their products oriented to the market. Those that conform to market behavior will survive, and those that do not will decline. Therefore, I think special enterprises are a test of which of the two methods is better and which is worse, and the results are immediate and not yet.
As extreme as the special zone is, this kind of attempt is necessary."
Liu Lang continued.
"Liu Lang, you are right. This can indeed test the quality of the two methods, but there is a very important issue. I wonder if you have considered it or not!"
"What's the problem?"
Liu Lang asked.
"That is how to prevent the country from suffering losses during the privatization process. If the country suffers losses, this will be a big problem."
Wu He said.
"I think the state should strictly evaluate companies that want to be privatized, and all materials that private parties want to keep must be evaluated."
Liu Lang replied.
"There is no problem with the materials, because they are there and cannot be escaped. The most important thing is the employees. Once privatized, the interests of these employees will be a big issue. Who will pay their wages? Who will benefit them?
Security? What if they are fired by private owners without reason? In addition, who will provide labor insurance for retired employees? Will private owners be willing to bear this part of the expenditure? This is the most important issue!"
Yes, this is the core issue of privatization, which is who will protect the interests of employees.
"I have an idea. Professor Wu, you can listen to it."
Liu Lang said.
"Oh? Do you still have a solution for this problem? Come on, tell me!"
Wu He is also thinking about how to protect the interests of employees, but there is still no perfect solution. If this problem cannot be solved, privatization will become a feast for a few people to gather wealth. This is a fundamental issue that touches the country.
Be very careful!
"This is what I think. After an enterprise is privatized, some employees will inevitably be eliminated because they are unable to adapt to the market because of their ability problems. This is inevitable, but the country and enterprises cannot let it go and must implement ability-based training for these people.
For training, the government can completely pay part of the money, and the company can pay part of the money, and send them to technical schools for capacity development. For example, the training lasts for two years, and their wages during these two years will be shared by the company and the government.
, two years later, they have the ability and can support themselves.
But these trainings are mainly for young people. They are not suitable for older people. For example, people who are approaching retirement are naturally not among them. What should we do with these people? What about the labor insurance of retired employees? I think this can also be done by the state.
share the responsibility with the enterprise, for example, setting up a dedicated
Each year, a portion of the corporate profit is allocated to this account according to a certain proportion. The state can also allocate some to the pension account. The wages of retired employees will be paid out of this account, and the state must implement strict regulations on this account.
Control and do not allow companies to use it privately.
What should I do if the company goes bankrupt? Then the company's assets must be sold. The money must be used as pensions first and cannot be used for other purposes. I even think that the employees on the job are also part of the company. Without them, the company cannot develop.
So is it possible to allow these employees to become shareholders of the company, so that they have certain rights, at least some voice, and also put some pressure on the private sector workers? I wonder if Professor Wu can use these ideas of mine!"
"Well, well, not bad, not bad, very good!"
Wu He's eyes lit up after hearing this. Although Liu Lang's method still had some problems, he provided an idea that he had never thought of before, such as letting employees participate in shares. Employee shareholding involves joint-stock system, privatization transformation and joint-stock system.
Combining this idea has never occurred to him.
Liu Lang came up with this idea not on a whim, but as a result of his careful consideration.