China's tertiary industry is extremely powerful. Liu Lang is not worried that enterprises such as small commodities will dominate the world sooner or later. However, the development of industrial enterprises is a bit slow. The reason is that the country is hesitant about those state-owned enterprises and dare not completely liberalize property rights. Individuals
If you want to buy such a company, you basically have to go through the "special enterprise model."
Liu Lang once discussed with Song Lifeng some "privilege" issues in industrial zones, such as how to expand the scope of "special enterprises".
The state describes special enterprises as having negative profits for three consecutive years and having debts exceeding total assets. This situation will be classified as a special enterprise.
Liu Lang thinks this is a bit "harsh". If a company reaches this stage, who will take over like a fool? At least you have to give people hope.
So Fucheng is planning to change the concept of special enterprises. For example, is it allowed to have negative profits for a year? Is it allowed for liabilities to reach 50% of total assets? Is it allowed when the company's income cannot pay the wages of workers?
In the early days of reform and opening up, people's minds were not yet liberated. The state would rather let such companies go bankrupt than give them to individuals. After the mind was gradually liberalized, under the promotion of Liu Lang and Wu He, individuals were allowed to acquire companies that were on the verge of bankruptcy. This was actually a death penalty.
This is a way of treating the situation like a horse, so in the final analysis, the "special enterprise model" is basically an act of "burden-shedding" by the state.
Now Liu Lang feels that this idea should be changed. Since past facts have proven that private enterprises are full of vitality, why not transform the original "special enterprise model" into a way to revive enterprises?
Even if this manufacturing company has not yet suffered losses, it still allows individuals to acquire it. This is a deepening of corporate reform and is worth trying.
Of course, this new model will definitely encounter resistance, but it can be "experimented" in Fucheng, because it is a special zone. Back then, Shenzhen City was the first to sell land to capitalists. Why can't Fucheng
Are factories with poor profitability sold to individuals?
Bold attempts are the privilege of the special zone. As long as this step is taken, Fucheng will definitely undergo earth-shaking changes. If it succeeds, it will also be a big event for enterprises across the country. Just look at the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. Back then, they
Land purchase caused uproar
Bo, what now? In the capital, the Shanghai Stock Exchange has long allowed Hong Kong and Taiwanese businessmen to buy and sell land. The lending policy will continue this year, and it will not be long before it is liberalized nationwide. This is the general trend, and no one can stop it. The Shenzhen Stock Exchange can do it
When it comes to leading the country, can’t Fucheng do it?
"Liu Lang, what are you thinking about?"
Just as Liu Lang was deep in thought, Professor Xiong patted him on the shoulder and called him back from his thoughts.
"Ah...Professor, just now you said that Volkswagen has started to develop electric vehicles. I was a little confused for a moment!"
"Liu Lang, don't be discouraged. With your ability, you will lead the country to develop electric vehicles sooner or later. I have no doubt about this!"
"Yes, yes, I will!"
Professor Xiong didn't know that Liu Lang was not worried about electric cars. He just thought about the country's corporate reform from innovation. This is what he cares about. As long as the country gives enterprises vitality, the innovation ability of the Chinese people may not be worse than them.
Jiang Botao and Redfern, accompanied by little Andrew, visited several factories of Andrews Company. Jiang Botao couldn't help but admire them as they walked. Others followed and nodded repeatedly when they saw the advanced extra beds.
, but after experiencing yesterday’s visit to Volkswagen, their vision has changed. Although Andrews Company is not bad, it is far behind compared with Volkswagen.
However, Professor Xiong secretly pulled Liu Lang and then asked a question in a low voice.
"Liu Lang, there is a small detail that I don't understand when these German workers tighten screws. That is why the screws need to be tightened three times and then given half a turn? Why not just tighten them two and a half turns? I didn't do that when I was studying in Germany.
Yesterday I secretly asked a worker about this process at Volkswagen Company, but he didn’t tell me. Do you know why?”
Professor Xiong Huaizhi is indeed amazing. No one developed this small detail. Only he, an old man in his seventies, discovered it.
Liu Lang smiled, then pulled Professor Xiong aside and explained.
"After tightening the screw, in order to prevent loosening, an additional pre-tightening force should be applied, so the pre-tightening force will be eliminated after loosening half a turn.
In fact, this needs to be analyzed from the stress of the screw. First of all, the screw is in elastic deformation after tightening, especially under high temperature and vibration load. Such continuous pressure for a long time will cause creep, and then plastic deformation.
After the screw becomes plastically deformed, its strength will drop significantly or even fail. Retracting half a turn allows the elastic deformation to recover, and at the same time eliminates the pre-tightening stress. In the future, the screw will still be in elastic deformation under continuous pressure, resulting in plastic strain and failure.
"
Xiong Huaizhi was suddenly enlightened after hearing this. He clapped his hands and sighed that the Germans' mastery of details was completely astonishing.
Liu Lang smiled and continued.
"Professor, modern machinery relies on data analysis. This is what I learned when I was studying in the United States. For example, the question you asked just now can be used to perform data analysis on screw tightening. There are four pieces of data during the tightening process. One is torque.
, that is, the applied tightening torque; the second is the clamping force
, is the actual axial clamping size between the connecting bodies; the third is the friction coefficient, which is the torque coefficient consumed by the bolt head, thread pair, etc.; the fourth is the rotation angle, that is, based on a certain torque, the bolt will produce a certain
The axial extension or the thread angle that needs to be turned when the connection is compressed.
After knowing these four data, it will be clear when we discuss the control method of screw tightening. The first is the torque control method: when the tightening torque reaches a certain set control torque, the tightening control method is stopped immediately.
The control system of this method is simple and direct, and it is easy to use a digital torque sensor or a high-precision torque wrench to check the quality of tightening, but the control accuracy is not high and the potential of the material cannot be fully utilized.
The second is the torque-rotation angle control method, which is a control method that first tightens the bolt to a small torque, and then starts from this point to tighten a specified rotation angle.
The advantage is that the accuracy of the bolt's axial preload force is high, a large axial preload force can be obtained, and the values can be concentrated around the average value.
The disadvantage is that the control system is more complicated and needs to measure two parameters: torque and rotation angle.
Finally, there is the yield point control method, which is a method of stopping tightening after tightening the bolt to the yield point.
The advantage is that the tightening accuracy is very high, but its accuracy mainly depends on the yield strength of the bolt itself.
The disadvantage is that the tightening process requires dynamic, continuous calculation and judgment of the slope of the torque and angle curve, and has high requirements on the real-time performance and computing speed of the control system.
With these three methods, we can quantitatively calculate each step."
Professor Xiong Huaizhi suddenly realized what Liu Lang said.