On August 5, 1868, the last batch of Brazilian residents concentrated in Erechim were expelled by the Chinese Independence Army. The Brazilian residents in Rio Grande do Sul were basically cleared. The land left by the Brazilian residents was also controlled by the Chinese Independence Army.
Under the management, the retired Chinese soldiers were assigned, and the month-long mopping up operation was completely concluded.
The mopping up operation lasted for thirty-three days. The Chinese Independence Army dispatched the first division, the cavalry brigade, and four local security brigades, a total of 23,000 troops, to sweep away the non-Chinese residents in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil.
White descendants, local Indians, and a small number of black slaves were all deported. During the battle, the raiding forces deported a total of 40,000 white and mixed-race Brazilian residents, 23,000 Indians, and 2,000 blacks.
Rio Grande do Sul borders the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina, Argentina, and Uruguay. Among the local residents who were expelled, 30,000 white people were driven to Santa Catarina state, 10,000 white people were expelled to Uruguay, and the last two
Thirteen thousand Indians and 2,000 black people were deported to the northern region of Argentina on the border of Paraguay and Argentina.
The expulsion of 65,000 residents to three countries was an order given by Li Mingyuan after careful consideration.
Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay are de facto allies. The Chinese Independence Army's attack on Brazilian troops and occupation of Rio Grande do Sul is a direct enemy of Brazil. As Brazil's allies, Argentina and Paraguay are de jure enemies of the Chinese Independence Army.
Uruguay is a small country with a small population. The occupation of Rio Grande do Sul by the Chinese Independence Army is equivalent to erecting a buffer line between Brazil and Uruguay, cutting off the possibility of Brazil annexing Uruguay again, and expelling all white Brazilians to Uruguay.
Within the territory, it can absorb most of Uruguay's energy and temporarily reduce the threat that Uruguay poses to the Chinese Independence Army from behind.
The situation in southern Argentina is complicated. The Gauchos and local Indians are powerful. The white government in Buenos Aires has limited control over the vast, jungle-covered southern region. Most of the Indians living in Rio Grande do Sul are
Living in the mountainous forest areas close to southern Argentina, after driving them to southern Argentina, the Indians who are good at surviving in forests and mountains will quickly occupy the land suitable for their survival, and then add fuel to the complex situation in southern Argentina.
Disrupting the local balance of power forced Argentina to allocate part of its energy to dealing with affairs in the southern region.
Argentina is rich in resources, fertile land, and has a superior geographical location. It has favorable conditions to develop into a South American power. Historically, after the Paraguay War, Argentina vigorously introduced European immigrants, which rapidly improved its national strength and became one of the few in the world before and after World War I.
Make the country rich and powerful.
The Chinese Independence Army is sandwiched between Argentina and Brazil. If it wants to develop and grow, it can only acquire land from Argentina and Brazil. Brazil has a large population and strong overall strength. Even if it is defeated by the Chinese Independence Army on the battlefield in Paraguay, it still has the ability to launch a counterattack.
capabilities, so in the early stages of Chinese development in South America, it was not only difficult for the Chinese Independence Army to obtain land from Brazil but also faced Brazilian counterattacks.
Argentina is different. With a population of 1.5 million, it is considered a country with considerable overall strength in South America. However, in the mainland,
1.5 million people is just the standard population of a wealthy county, and Argentina’s 1.5 million population is mainly distributed in the area near Buenos, covering an area of 7.8 million square kilometers in the southern region. Most of them are Indians and
Gauchos and white Argentinians mainly relied on several important strongholds such as De Tucuman to achieve weak control over the southern region. They expelled Indians and a small number of black people into southern Argentina. Argentina, which was domestically unstable, did not solve the problem of Indians and Gauchos.
Before, it was impossible to introduce population for economic construction, which would slow down the development of Argentina. Then the Chinese Independence Army strengthened the strength of the Chinese in South America through large-scale immigration, and then it could slowly encroach on southern Argentina and increase the land controlled by the Chinese Independence Army.
The 30,000 Brazilian residents deported to Santa Catarina were mainly the elderly, weak, women and children.
As for the young men who joined the guerrillas and were shot to death by the Chinese Independence Army, some were treated as prisoners of war and participated in forced labor with Brazilian soldiers, and some were driven to Uruguay. After several arrangements, the number of young men among the 30,000 Brazilian residents was only 4,000.
There are many people, and there are very few white Brazilian women of the right age.
There are about 50,000 white people in Rio Grande do Sul, of which less than 5,000 are women of working age. The 5,000 women of working age exclude those who have families and have children to raise. More than 3,000 women who are unmarried or without children are retained by the Chinese Independence Army.
were assigned to meritorious soldiers,
Most of the 3,000 white women are between the ages of 18 and 35. The more than 3,000 white women who are in childbearing age have fair faces and are in line with the aesthetics of Chinese soldiers. Therefore, the first group of meritorious soldiers did not find a wife.
Immediately focus on the 3,000 white women. On the last day before the end of the sweep, most of the 3,000 white women who remained were assigned. Only more than 200 white girls who had not yet reached the age of marriage and childbearing avoided hasty marriage.
Due to their fate, Li Mingyuan arranged to work at the headquarters of the Chinese Independence Army as a nurse for the wounded, and taught them Chinese in his spare time.
With the addition of more than 3,000 Brazilian women, the number of Chinese in Rio Grande do Sul has exceeded 150,000, reaching the pre-migration population. Among the 150,000 people, there are 15,073 newly formed families, and 30,000
One hundred and forty-six people, accounting for one-fifth of the total population, one-fifth of the population formed a family, which alleviated the adverse impact of the imbalance in the gender ratio of men and women in the Chinese Independence Army. At the same time, as the 15,000 Chinese soldiers married
With wives, Rio Grande do Sul has become what an emerging power should look like. The newly married Chinese soldiers are working hard on the more than 300 acres of land allocated. The Chinese soldiers who have not married wives are training hard under the leadership of officers to strive for the next generation.
Married a wife in one assignment.
The stable life of the Chinese Independence Army soldiers was based on Brazil's failure. Not only were the 30,000 expelled old, weak, women and children unable to help the Brazilian army fight against the Chinese Independence Army, but the Brazilian government also spent a lot of materials to settle them, even if they were against the Chinese Independence Army.
Being full of resentment can only be cursed in the heart, but it cannot actually cause harm to the Chinese Independence Army.
The completion of the expulsion of Brazilian residents means the full start of the production and construction work of the Chinese Independence Army, construction sites, resettlement sites for retired soldiers, naval training bases... Every major location in Rio Grande do Sul has left the footprints of Li Mingyuan's inspection and supervision, a
After completing his monthly visit and inspection, Li Mingyuan took a day off for himself, lying in the garden behind the residence to enjoy flowers and fish.