Chapter 119 The establishment and the situation in Brazil
The calm water surface rippled slightly, and the vibration amplitude of the float standing in the water gradually increased. In a sudden moment, the float was pulled into the water by the fish. The fishing rod on the river bank was quickly pulled up, and a silver-white freshwater fish jumped out.
The water surface is pulled to the shore by the fishing line.
Li Mingyuan took off the fish from the hook and handed it to Liu Pu who had just sat next to him: "Are you here today for the founding of the country? I told you that not long after the mopping up operation ended, the development and construction work of Rio Grande do Sul had just started.
, announcing the establishment of the country at this time will prematurely expose the strength of the Chinese Independence Army, attract the attention of Western powers and even the Manchu Qing government, and bring unnecessary trouble and difficulties to our subsequent construction and development."
Seizing Rio Grande do Sul and establishing a Chinese nation was the core strategy Li Mingyuan set at the beginning of the uprising. He traveled to Peru, fought in Bolivia, and fought against the Brazilian coalition all to achieve the goal of founding the country. Within more than a month after arriving in Rio Grande do Sul, Li Mingyuan
The original promise of three hundred acres of land per person has been realized, and the goal of finding wives for Chinese soldiers has been gradually realized, but there has been no movement in establishing a Chinese country.
If the name is not right, the words will not be right. The Chinese pay attention to what they do and they occupy 281,000 square kilometers of land in Rio Grande do Sul. If the Chinese in South America continue to act in the name of the Chinese Independent Army, it will seem somewhat inconsistent with their own strength. 281,000 square kilometers.
It is equivalent to the area of two provinces in the Central Plains. The land divided between the two provinces can be used to establish a country, both in ancient times and during the Taiping Rebellion. Having a formal country name is equivalent to getting rid of the identity of bandits and rebel forces.
, has a formal official status.
The establishment of a nation-state can enhance the cohesion of the Chinese people in South America, and it is also in the vital interests of the Chinese soldiers who follow Li Mingyuan. At the beginning of the mopping up operations, most of the officers of the Chinese Independence Army asked Li Mingyuan about the specific time of the founding of the nation, and Li Mingyuan pretended that he did not know.
Understand what they mean and deliberately lead the topic in other directions,
The Chinese officers who did not get answers from Li Mingyuan all brought their questions to Liu Pu, resulting in an endless stream of officers coming and going to Liu Pu's house every day. Unable to bear the friction between them, Liu Pu visited Li Mingyuan yesterday and directly conveyed the question to the Chinese officers.
Regarding the issue, Li Mingyuan was busy dealing with the planning of Rio Grande do Sul yesterday. He did not explain in detail to Liu Pu the reasons for delaying the establishment of the country. He just rejected the Chinese officer's suggestion of early establishment of the country on the grounds that the Brazilian army might attack at any time.
Li Mingyuan rarely took a break today. Seeing Liu Pu visiting again, it was easy to think that he was still here because of yesterday's problem.
Putting the prepared fish into the bamboo basket, Liu Pu said, "I thought about it all night when I went back yesterday. The formal establishment of the country can solve the identity problem of the Chinese in South America and improve the belongingness of the soldiers.
However, after the founding of the country, the Brazilian Emperor Pedro II, whether in order to stabilize his throne or suppress domestic public opinion aroused by the failure of the Paraguay War, would once again dispatch the main force to fight the Chinese Independence Army. The Chinese Independence Army had experienced several
In the Second World War, what was hidden behind the numerous victories was the serious shortage of weapons and ammunition reserves in our army, and the huge hidden dangers of soldiers fatigued from long battles and lack of repair.
Moreover, the Chinese Independence Army is isolated from the South American continent and is fighting alone. The Brazilian army can fail once or twice for various reasons, but our army cannot fail once. If the Chinese Independence Army shows weakness in another battle with the Brazilian army, Argentina,
Uruguay, and even Paraguay, which was originally an ally, would not hesitate to pounce and tear off a bloody piece of flesh from the Chinese Independence Army.
The Chinese Independence Army is surrounded by wolves. If it wants to gain a foothold in the South American continent, every surrounding country and force will be the enemy of the Chinese Independence Army."
Liu Pu was less than twenty years old and was a young man about the same age as Li Mingyuan. At the beginning of the uprising, the Chinese Independence Army lacked talents. Many young remnants of the Taiping Army and laborers were promoted to high positions. The war process of more than half a year inspired many
An officer has potential, but because of his youth and lack of age experience, sometimes Liu Pu, like other young officers, will go into misunderstandings and lose his correct judgment on affairs.
Liu Pu thought about it all night and understood Li Mingyuan's intentions, which made him feel relieved. However, because of the problems highlighted by this incident, people had to pay attention to it.
There are only one or two hundred literate scholars in the Chinese Independence Army. After more than half a year of teaching knowledge to the officers in the Chinese Independence Army, only the simple literacy problems of the officers were solved, and the number of qualified civilian officers has only increased.
During the mobile operations, more than 100,000 Chinese were all members of the army. The only problems that civilian officers needed to solve were the statistics of military achievements and logistical support, which were not that troublesome to solve.
After occupying Rio Grande do Sul, more than half of the Chinese soldiers became settled residents. Except for some settled Chinese soldiers who also served as guardsmen, the rest of the retired soldiers became normal residents, and then farmers engaged in agricultural cultivation were divided among them.
, mining workers, technical workers who operate textile machinery, cement production, steel smelting, military manufacturing, etc. A complete and complicated social division of labor management requires a large number of professional administrative officials, and according to Li Mingyuan's observation, the Chinese Independence Army is very lacking
There are less than twenty civilian officials in this category of talents who can meet this kind of work management in the Chinese Independence Army.
The number of twenty people is too small. Once the country is officially established and all kinds of industrial production machinery needed for national production are introduced, the current Chinese civilian officials are simply not enough.
The best way to attract talents is to immigrate from the mainland. However, the Manchu Qing government implemented a enslaving rule for more than two hundred years, coupled with the literary inquisition of the Kangxi, Yongzheng, and Qianlong dynasties, and the civil servants in the mainland have already recognized the Manchus.
It is not realistic to poach people from them in the short term.
The method of poaching talents from the mainland was not effective, so Li Mingyuan had no choice but to turn his attention to Western countries.
In 1868, the United States had just ended the Civil War and was busy developing industry at home and expanding overseas.
Prussia had just finished fighting the Austro-Prussian War and the Prussian-Danish War, and was busy preparing to deal with France and complete the great cause of unifying Germany.
The British suppressed the Great Uprising in India and settled down to live a good life exploiting the Indian people. The center of expansion also shifted to the areas around the East Asian continent.
France is busy invading Vietnam and Cambodia, expanding its sphere of influence in Southeast Asia,
Tsarist Russia was in the Middle East and was advancing all the way to Siberia, seizing territory without caring about others.
Japan also started the first year of the Meiji Restoration in 1868, and it had just begun to become the hegemon of East Asia in later generations.
The situation changed in 1868. Several major powers from World War I and World War II had shown signs of their rise. At this time, the South American continent, Brazil, Argentina and other countries still had strength. After the Civil War, the United States had just entered the fast lane of development. South America was far away.
It is too early for states to treat them as their own backyard. Brazil and Argentina do not need to look at the face of the United States.
The overseas colonies of Britain and France, the established powers, are vast in area, and their huge overseas interests have fed the two countries to their fullest. The two countries that are full need time to digest the food they have swallowed, and are not strong enough to carry out new expansion. However, Prussia,
Italy, Austria, and the United States are busy developing and have no intention of expanding. At this time, it is the most appropriate time to use the yellow gold and silver to introduce urgently needed management talents and industrial facilities to the United States, Prussia, Italy, Austria and other developing countries.
In 1868, in European and American countries, the first industrial revolution was completed, and the second industrial revolution had just entered its nascent stage. Overproduced industrial facilities needed buyers to absorb them.
At this time, European and American countries had not implemented technological blockades. Brazil, Argentina and even Japan, which came from behind, introduced a large number of new technologies and needed development talents from the West.
Facing the most suitable development period, Li Mingyuan will not allow opportunities to pass by in vain, and it is imperative to introduce talents and industrial technology from Western countries.
Li Mingyuan told Liu Pu his thoughts and planned to leave the matter to Liu Pu.
"Your Majesty, it is necessary to introduce Western talents and technology, but before this happens, the administrative arrangements and institutional planning of Rio Grande do Sul need to be finalized."
Liu Pu started and continued, "The Lieutenant General of the Army is looking forward to the early establishment of the country. In addition to the consideration of determining the identity and status of the Chinese in South America, the current chaotic and disorderly institutional arrangements in various resettlement sites are also a major factor. Therefore, the formal establishment of the country can be postponed, but the establishment of the country is
Preliminary national institutions and government organizational structures should not be postponed."
"What specific plans do you have?"
"The humble post plans to adopt the national governance system of the previous dynasty, with six ministries, the Supervisory Office, and Dali Temple as the highest-level management units. The chief minister of the cabinet and the bachelors who join the cabinet are responsible for managing the specific affairs of the country, and are also responsible to the crown prince."
The cabinet system during the Ming Dynasty was close to the Western constitutional monarchy, which was conducive to the monarch's management of the country during the feudal period. However, it is now 1868, more than two hundred years have passed since the Ming Dynasty, and the system that was reasonable at that time is not as big now.
Suitable, the six-ministry, one-monastery, one-hospital system has some institutional reference points, but completely copying the Ming Dynasty system does not adapt to the current international situation. Li Mingyuan and Liu Pu discussed for more than an hour, while retaining some Ming Dynasty official positions, newly added
Some departments were formed, and then the initial composition of the national administrative structure was also structured:
1-Household Department: manages domestic household registration, resettlement, land allocation, management and protection of mountains, forests, and rivers
2.-Ministry of Finance: Issuance of currency, collection of taxes, payment of official salaries,
3-Ministry of Personnel: Official assessment, promotion, appointment and dismissal, ennoblement, etc.
4-Ministry of Rites: Presides over large-scale sacrificial activities, cultural inheritance and protection, policy publicity, guidance of public opinion, and approval and management of cultural-related industries.
5-Ministry of Education: manages schools at all levels in the country and is responsible for organizing higher education institutions.
6-General Staff Headquarters: National Armed Forces Command and Management Organization
7-Ministry of Punishment: Trial and judgment of criminal cases
8: Ministry of Industry: Large-scale project planning and management, industrial development, railway construction, traffic management
9-Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Liaison with foreign countries, development and management of diplomatic relations
10-Ministry of Commerce: private business management, collection of business taxes,
11-Inspectorate: Inspection, impeachment and reporting of officials, the censor of the Inspectorate is at the same level as the ministers of various ministries.
12-Legislative Yuan: Constitution, law enactment, amendments and announcements,
Abolish the nine-level and eighteen-level official grades and implement
There are six and ten official levels including cabinet, department, bureau, department, division and section.
Among them, the prime minister of the cabinet is at the cabinet level, the cabinet bachelor is at the deputy cabinet level, the ministers of various ministries and the chief officials of the two houses are ministerial-level officials.
Other officials followed suit.
After the initial composition of the administrative structure was established, the establishment of administrative levels in various regions of Rio Grande do Sul also began.
As the headquarters of the Chinese Independence Army, Porto Alegre was named Xinjing, which means the new capital of the Chinese people in South America.
Santa Maria is Hexi County, named after it is located on the west bank of the Guayba River.
Bare was renamed Yong'an County
Erexin was renamed Changning County,
One Beijing and three counties constitute the first-level local administrative unit of the Chinese Independence Army. New counties will be established as the population increases later.
The administrative hierarchy and local regional planning were completed, and Li Mingyuan asked about the situation in Brazil.
"After the failure of the Paraguay War, Garcia led 10,000 remnant troops into the mountains and forests, marched in the mountains for seven days, rushed to Guaira, a city along the Parana River, took a local Brazilian boat to go north along the river, and then returned to Rio de Janeiro by rail.
."
"I walked alone in the mountains and forests for seven days and lacked food and supplies. I think Garcia's life will be difficult!"
After traveling through thousands of miles of desert and mountainous forest areas, Li Mingyuan personally experienced the difficulty of long-distance transfers. However, Garcia's troops' camp was not secure and they were short of supplies when they hurriedly fled. Although they only walked in the mountains and forests for seven days, there were mosquitoes and beasts in the mountains and forests.
, disease will also cause huge difficulties to the army.
"Garcia is also a flexible person. It is said that during the seven-day march, two thousand soldiers were abandoned by Garcia to fend for themselves in the mountains and forests because they contracted diseases, and another three thousand soldiers were left to fend for themselves in the mountains and forests because of lack of food and other reasons.
Less than 5,000 Brazilian soldiers were lost in the mountains and forests, but finally reached Rio de Janeiro safely."
"While marching in the mountains and forests, infected soldiers could easily infect other soldiers. Garcia's behavior was a rational choice at the time."
There were many factors that contributed to the victory of the Chinese Independence Army in the Paraguay War. Garcia's commanding ability cannot be denied just because of the failure of a war. Li Mingyuan regarded Garcia as an opponent worthy of attention in his heart.
"Garcia assessed the situation and broke his wrists to escape the encirclement at the critical moment. He was an excellent general. However, the aristocratic bureaucrats in Rio de Janeiro would not see it that way. What they paid attention to was that when Garcia took over the command of Mitchell, the Brazilian army had 50,000 people.
But now he has brought back only 5,000 people, and there are only ten soldiers left. Garcia cannot escape the main responsibility for the failure of the Paraguay War."
"According to what they said, if Garcia had not taken over the command of Mitchell, Garcia would not have launched a roundabout operation, and the subsequent series of battles would have changed. The Chinese Independence Army did not sneak attack the main force of the Brazilian army through the passage opened by the Brazilian roundabout troops.
, the battle may have another outcome, and the Chinese Independence Army will have to pay a higher price if it wants to defeat the main force of the Brazilian army."
Liu Pu laughed and said, "The dismissed Brazilian Army Field Marshal Mitchell said the same thing as the Crown Prince. After hearing that the main Brazilian army was almost wiped out, Mitchell, who was under investigation by the Brazilian Army's Military Justice Division, jumped out first and accused Garcia of corruption.
He made a rash advance, leading to the annihilation of the main Brazilian army. If he had followed his previous solid plan and advanced step by step, the Brazilian army would never have ended up like this.
No one would believe what Mitchell said, but after Garcia's accident, his former subordinates and cronies in the Brazilian army began to build momentum for Mitchell, advocating that Mitchell was mature, steady and foresight."
"Did anyone else believe Mitchell?"
"How can you not believe it? The main force of the Brazilian army has been lost. Other generals in the country did not perform particularly well in the Paraguay War. Although Mitchell is conservative and slow, the Brazilian army is still intact under his hands. In comparison, the Brazilian government
Both the military and military circles are leaning towards Mitchell. The Brazilian Military Justice Service also recently announced that Mitchell performed his duties as the commander of the Brazilian Expeditionary Force and did not commit any dereliction of duty. After the investigation results came out, Mitchell resumed his position as the commander of the Brazilian Army.
Responsible for recruiting soldiers and choosing opportunities to launch counterattacks against our army."