The Tianmo Reform Movement that began in the 48th year of Tianfa was the last reform during Li Laiheng's reign and the most important official reform movement in the first hundred years of the Shun Dynasty.
In the 48th year of Tianfa, the imperial court promulgated the "Outline for Preparatory Changes in the Official System", which ended the six-cao (ministry) system that had begun in the Sui Dynasty. The six government agencies under the central government consisted of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Personnel, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Du Branch, the Ministry of Education, and the Ministry of War.
, the Ministry of Law, the Ministry of Industry (later renamed the Ministry of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce), and the Ministry of Posts and Communications. These nine departments replaced and became the prototype of the later cabinet.
Later, the Department of the Navy was established to meet the needs of building a large navy.
The Military Council was restructured into the Military Consultative Office. At first, this institution was also controlled by the Ministry of War, but later it was independent due to military needs.
At this time, the cabinet was not led by Pingzhang military officials as it was later, but was still managed by many Pingzhang political officials in the Zhengshitang through collective leadership.
During this period, in order to quell the ongoing riots in Japan, official positions in the imperial court no longer required any place of origin.
Not to mention the common people who were born in the areas under the jurisdiction of the various governorates in Yingzhou, even those who were born and educated abroad were able to hold all the public offices of the imperial court without any hindrance.
A large number of overseas scholars from Lelang, Yingzhou, Zhaonan and Qingqiu made their appearance and crowded into the Kaifeng court after the restructuring at the end of the day.
With the support of generous donations from local wealthy businessmen, each of them purchased land in Kaifeng and built guild halls of different styles for gatherings of overseas scholars.
Liangxian Guild Hall (referring to the two Korean jurisdictions of Lelang and Xiongjin), Yingzhou Guild Hall, Nanyang Guild Hall, Qingqiu Guild Hall...
These architectural styles are very different from the grand guild halls in the mainland. As the carrier and propaganda center of new culture, they have also injected a new vitality into Kaifeng's market culture.
Kaifeng is a city that thinks of itself as a city with a long history, but in fact, by the time of the early Shun Dynasty, after hundreds of years of decline and the destruction of many years of war since the late Ming Dynasty, its population could no longer be counted as a metropolitan city.
The city's economy, culture and education have also significantly lagged behind many metropolitan cities in the Jiangnan region.
Although Kaifeng is located in the center of the Central Plains, at least judging from the situation in Shunchu, the city of Kaifeng had already shown obvious signs of decline at that time.
Most of the dreams that it later crowned the world were based on its administrative status as the capital of a world empire like Dashun.
Therefore, there is a big difference in urban culture between Kaifeng in the Shun Dynasty and Kaifeng in the Song Dynasty.
It is still a citizen city, but it is more of an imperial capital of the world; its citizen culture is still developed, but it has added more authority.
Kaifeng is in the Central Plains, but its citizens come from every territory in the world empire of Dashun, so the composition of the population is unprecedentedly complex.
Kaifeng people think that they are unique, gentlemanly, and diligent and should be praised, but they themselves are domineering to an incredible extent.
Fortunately, the general education of Chinese characters in the Shun Dynasty was very successful. Although some citizens from overseas territories could not converse fluently after coming to Kaifeng, there was absolutely no problem in written conversation.
The proportion of Han nationality, even during the period when the Shun Dynasty was the largest, accounted for almost 88%.
But objectively speaking, Kaifeng is still a very diverse city, because many princes and elites from ethnic minorities have immigrated to this city, forming a very special citizen culture.
During the Gaozong Dynasty, all the ancient city walls of this city were demolished, which expanded the city several times.
The Yellow River management project was the legacy of the founder Li Laiheng. Dashun persevered in the management of the Huaihe, Yellow and Haihe rivers, and it took more than a hundred years to basically complete the treatment.
Among the three rivers, the management project of the Yellow River undoubtedly consumes the most manpower and material resources.
After all, the survival of the Yellow River is related to the danger of Kaifeng. The fate of a river and a city is intertwined with each other. Fortunately, the execution power of the Shun Dynasty was much stronger than that of the two Song Dynasties, and the country had enough perseverance to completely eliminate the Yellow River floods.
Even if it takes more than a hundred years.
Considering that at least four-fifths of the population in Kaifeng migrated to Beijing from the numerous territories of Dashun distributed around the world after the Shizu Dynasty;
Considering the urban area of Kaifeng, nine-tenths of it was built after the Shizu Dynasty.
We can definitely say that this city is not a derivative of Kaifeng City since the Song Dynasty. Although it was born on the basis of Kaifeng Mansion in the Song Dynasty, it is indeed a brand new city.
Moreover, the city's temperament is closer to the temperament of a world capital like Chang'an, rather than the citizen cultural temperament of Kaifeng in the Song Dynasty.
In fact, Li Laiheng himself had always been thinking about moving the capital because Kaifeng City was undefendable and there was a danger of flooding from the Yellow River.
He has always considered three options for moving the capital: moving the capital to Chang'an, moving the capital to Beijing, or building a new capital.
Kaifeng became Dashun, and even the capital of the world, largely because of accidental reasons.
If Li Zicheng's Northern Expedition had captured the city of Beijing and not stopped in Shanxi, then there is no doubt that Beijing would have become the capital of Dashun.
Or if Dorgon went south the next year and rushed into Henan, the Shun Dynasty might move the capital to Xiangyang or Wuchang in the rear.
Chang'an was the most favored place by the Dashun founders, and after Zhou Zuoding's governance, Guanzhong's economy also achieved an almost leap-forward recovery and development, and it had the potential to be the capital.
The Shizu Dynasty focused on the northwest for many years and fought a war with Junggar for many years. Moving the capital to Chang'an was also conducive to controlling the intensity of this war.
But maybe it was also because of the danger from enemies in the northwest that the court had to consider what to do if the enemy attacked the capital and the ancestral tombs in Yan'an after moving the capital to Chang'an.
As for Beijing, its successful conquest and development of North Korea and Japan also provided a very good foundation for Beijing to become the capital again.
After all, an East China Sea economic circle has been formed that is as prosperous as the South China Sea. As the most important city in the middle, Beijing is worth considering economically.
It's just that Beijing and Dashun don't have much historical relationship, and none of the distinguished ministers of this dynasty support this.
The plan that Li Laiheng insisted on most was to build a grand city as a new capital in coastal areas, such as Tianjin or even Songjiang.
But after calculation, the cost was simply astronomical, and naturally it was completely unacceptable to the ministers.
Kaifeng's capital status was slowly confirmed in this way, and after Li Laiheng's death, there was no longer any dispute.