More than a month has passed since the signing of the Paris Peace Conference. During this period of more than a month, many things have happened in Europe, three of which are closely related to France, one comes from abroad, and the remaining two come from China.
The first thing came from the Austrian Empire. In mid-May, Emperor Franz Joseph of the Austrian Empire officially announced that he had awarded his younger brothers Maximilian and Carl Ludwig, Galicia-Cracow respectively.
The Grand Duke and the Grand Duke of Lodomeria, which means that Austrian Poland and Russian Poland were officially merged together, were held by the Grand Duke Maximilian of Warsaw.
At the same time, Grand Duke Maximilian also announced that he would be crowned once in the Principality of Galicia-Cracow and the Grand Duchy of Warsaw. When he goes to Warsaw for his coronation, the Grand Duchy of Warsaw will also be officially renamed the Kingdom of Poland.
.
(The full name is actually the United Kingdom of Poland (Canada). Prince Metternich gave Archduke Maximilian a plan to govern Poland. Only by provoking conflicts between the Galician aristocrats and the Warsaw aristocrats could Archduke Maximilian truly
Sit tight on the Diaoyutai.)
As soon as the news came out, the Kingdom of Prussia protested again. They said that this act of the Austrian Empire seriously threatened the peace of Europe, and the destruction of Europe had finally led to unity.
Therefore, the Kingdom of Prussia advises the Austrian Empire to recognize the situation as soon as possible and give up this operation that undermines European peace.
Faced with the protest from the Kingdom of Prussia, Count Bauer, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Austrian Empire, almost said "What can you do to me?"
The Austrian Empire claimed that this territorial grant was a matter between Emperor Franz Joseph and Archduke Maximilian. As an outside country, the Kingdom of Prussia was not qualified to comment on this matter.
If the Kingdom of Prussia is dissatisfied, then the Austrian Empire can only express regret.
On the night when the Austrian Empire's notification was issued, the Principality of Posen under the Kingdom of Prussia sent representatives to protest against the Kingdom of Prussia. They demanded that the Kingdom of Prussia give fair treatment to the Polish people under their rule.
The Berlin government, which was initially concerned about the influence of international public opinion, first pretended to agree to the representatives of the Principality of Posen (Bismarck, who was a diplomat in Frankfurt at the time, remained opposed to this. He believed that once the Kingdom of Prussia opened this hole, they would use bayonets to implement it in 1851.
The dictatorship system will be at risk of being shaken. The only solution for now is to decisively reject any conditions of the Principality of Posen, send soldiers to the Principality of Posen to suppress the rebels, and use the blood of the rebels to deter the domestic opposition forces that are ready to move. However,
Bismarck's opinions were not taken seriously by the regent at all, and the regent disliked him. In order to paint himself as a "friend of the nation", the regent William personally met with Bismarck.
The public opinion representative of the Mori Principality.
Therefore, the public opinion representatives of the Principality of Posen put forward the following opinions: 1. Cancel the status of German as the official language of the Principality of Posen, and at the same time restore the Polish courses in the Principality of Posen
2. Prussia should end its dictatorship as soon as possible and restore the bicameral system.
3. Abolish the censorship system of books and periodicals in the Kingdom of Prussia.
4. Restore the National Guard system that was abolished in 1851.
From the above points alone, we can see that the Principality of Posen is well prepared. Except for the first point which only affects the Principality of Posen, the remaining three points are all against the existing autocratic system of the Kingdom of Prussia.
This united the forces of the Principality of Posen with other forces in the Kingdom of Prussia. Although this alliance was only temporary, the Principality of Posen was able to become invincible with the help of this power.
Prince Regent William, who originally imagined that he could settle the Duchy of Posen at a very small cost, immediately ended this "farce" with a straight face after hearing these opinions from the representatives of the Duchy of Posen.
That afternoon, far-right and royalist newspapers in the Kingdom of Prussia angrily accused the public representatives of the Principality of Posen of making "unreasonable troubles."
As soon as this statement came out, it immediately triggered a joint siege from the center-right, center-left and republican newspapers.
A war of words that lasted for five days officially began, with newspapers from both sides going back and forth. From metaphors at the beginning to outright words at the end, the public opinion circles in Berlin were turned upside down because of the issue of the public opinion of the Posen Principality.
The regent William had no choice but to order his minister Manteuffel to solve the problem. Who knew that Manteuffel would also be of no help.
Regent William had no choice but to obey Ron's order and sent soldiers to forcibly close the newspapers in Berlin.
This long-running scolding has just subsided, but everyone knows that if the source of this scolding incident is not completely solved, this matter will never end.
Since the Kingdom of Prussia had already used the power of the army to quell the controversy, Prince Regent William simply broke out and directly addressed the source of the problem.
As a result, nearly 50,000 Prussian soldiers were stationed in the Principality of Posen under the order of the Regent William, and the entire Principality of Posen has been completely militarized.
This farce completely subsided, but the Kingdom of Prussia was completely humiliated because of this uproarious farce.
Dr. Ma, who was far away in London, specially wrote an argument for the behavior of Prince Regent William, and the Austrian Empire and the Grand Duchy of Warsaw even nakedly published a painting in the newspaper, which showed a dilapidated house and a pig-headed man.
The pig-headed man stood proudly next to the damaged house, and above the house was a flag with a plump rooster on it.
Anyone with a little political insight will know that this painting is a mockery of Prince Regent William.
The Kingdom of Prussia, which has been going back and forth for a long time, is also in no mood to debate with the Grand Duchy of Warsaw and the Austrian Empire. Anyway, the entire Duchy of Posen is still in their hands.
Just pretend they don't see the problems of the Kingdom of Poland.
…
The second incident came from the French General Staff. In late May, Niel, then Chief of the French General Staff (who had been promoted), and Marshal Pellissier, the senator of the French Empire, jointly submitted a petition to Jérôme Bonaparte.
The plan for the second military reform was formulated.
This version of the plan is mainly to improve the various problems exposed by the French Empire during the Crimean War, and to repair the existing military service problems of the French Empire.
When Jérôme Bonaparte read the report Niel gave him, he immediately ordered Mokar to call Niel from the Ministry of War.
"Your Majesty!" Niel said as he entered the study and bowed to Jérôme Bonaparte.
"Sit down! Niel!" Jérôme Bonaparte extended his hand to invite him to sit on the sofa and said while holding the documents Niel gave him: "I have read all the documents you gave me.
!There are still some questions, and I would like to ask you, the teacher, for advice!"
"Your Majesty, you are so polite!" Niel said humbly to Jerome Bonaparte.
Later, Jerome Bonaparte opened Niel's plan and asked about the sentence "adding the formulation and decision-making rights of the staff at all levels" in Niel's plan: "In the last military reform, we
Haven’t we already strengthened the powers of the staff at all levels! Why do they need to be strengthened this time!”
"Your Majesty!" Niel said to Jérôme Bonaparte with a serious expression, "Although we have strengthened the powers of the staff at all levels in name last time, in fact the staff at all levels are still as dependent as before.
The decision of the military leader!
And the commanders of the armies, divisions, and brigades also secretly contradicted the staff!
That’s why I will once again propose strengthening the powers of the staff at all levels in this military reform!”
"How are you going to establish the authority of the staff at all levels?" Jérôme Bonaparte asked Niel again.
Niel proposed a plan to kill chickens and scare monkeys. He wanted to use the "blood" of several thorn-headed soldiers to establish his authority.
When Jerome Bonaparte asked Niel if he had any goals, Niel told him his goals.
"Can you think about it again?" Jérôme Bonaparte asked tactfully.
Because part of the list Niel gave him were the generals who originally supported Jérôme Bonaparte in seizing power.
If you rush to talk about their dismissal, it may give people the feeling of killing the donkey.
"Your Majesty, we must do this!" Niel said categorically to Jérôme Bonaparte, "Only in this way can we truly establish the majesty of the staff!"
After Jerome Bonaparte lowered his head and pondered for a moment, he raised his head again and said to Niel: "You should talk to Minister Montauban about this matter!"
"Without your permission, I'm afraid it will be difficult for Minister Montauban to take action!" Niel said to Jérôme Bonaparte again.
"This slippery man!" Jérôme Bonaparte laughed and scolded, "Tell Montauban for me that after he completes this matter, he will be transferred to North Africa to serve as the governor of Algiers!"
"Yes, Your Majesty!" Niel replied to Jérôme Bonaparte.
The Governor of Algiers was only nominally lower than the Minister of War, but in terms of power he was higher than the Minister of War.
After all, the Governor-General of Algeria did not need to be restrained by Jérôme Bonaparte at all times.
It can be said that he is the emperor of the entire North African region.
"That's right! Niel, I trust you to agree to your conditions! I hope you won't betray my trust!" Jérôme Bonaparte said lightly.
Niel immediately expressed to Jérôme Bonaparte that if the staff at all levels failed to establish their authority this time, he would be willing to be dismissed by Jérôme Bonaparte.
"That's good!" Jérôme Bonaparte nodded, then turned a few more pages and pointed to "Abolition of the National Guard" on Niel's plan, and asked solemnly, "Niel
, do you know what consequences the abolition of the National Guard might have?"
