Yang Fan sorted out the information on military forces he had on hand.
Currently, Yang Fan has established a cavalry army on the grassland. He is planning to reorganize an infantry army. The officers will be drawn from the servant regiment, and the soldiers will be drawn from the elite of the territorial militia.
There are currently three cavalry divisions under the Cavalry Corps, and each cavalry division is composed of two cavalry regiments.
This time, the twelve peripheral tribes of the Tumut tribe were wiped out, the nobles and cavalry were forced away, and the tribesmen, cattle and sheep were annexed. Once again, a large number of people were gained.
Among these newly increased populations, there are enough capable men to add one more cavalry regiment to each cavalry division, thus expanding it into a cavalry corps with three divisions and nine cavalry regiments.
The camels that Yang Fan instructed Ali to purchase are about to arrive.
Yang Fan will add another camel gun regiment to each cavalry division. It will mainly be equipped with small-caliber camel cannon and Gatling machine guns to enhance the firepower of the cavalry division.
In this way, the cavalry corps will be reorganized into a large force with three cavalry divisions and twelve cavalry regiments under its jurisdiction. Together with the personnel directly under the military headquarters and division headquarters, the total number of troops will be close to 50,000.
In the future, the cavalry army will be permanently stationed in the Mongolian area and will be the main military force to deter Mongolia and establish slaves.
To form an infantry army, it is necessary to develop advanced infantry weapons. What kind of weapons can be used, what kind of tactics and troop formation can be used. Generally speaking, there are three types of weapons for infantry.
Artillery, machine guns, rifles.
Under the current technology, artillery must be able to follow infantry marches and maneuver on the battlefield. Artillery that cannot be moved is meaningless. It can only be a burden to soldiers and increase the burden on logistics.
In this era, the artillery that relied on mules and horses and infantry manpower to carry and push it could ensure battlefield mobility and march, and the total weight of the artillery should not be too heavy.
The Napoleon cannon is the ceiling of muzzle-loading infantry cannons. The technical level has basically reached its peak. Further development, it is the breech-loading Armstrong cannon equipped by the British lobster soldiers in the Second Crow War.
Yang Fan decided that the artillery should be equipped with similar types of artillery that were based on the Napoleon cannon and had an improved design. The main improvement was to use steel instead of bronze to significantly reduce weight and improve mobility.
This kind of gun has been put into production in the first half of the year. There is already a certain amount of inventory and it can be put into use by the troops at any time.
This kind of gun can be divided into three types according to the weight of the shell: three-pounder gun (battalion-level gun), six-pounder gun (regiment-level gun), and 12-pounder gun (division-level gun).
The total weight of the artillery of more than twelve pounds was too great. Because the roads and bridges of this era were in poor condition and the towing capacity of mules and horses was limited, they were not suitable for army use.
If a siege gun is needed, it must be equipped with a large-caliber, short-barreled heavy mortar. But Yang Fan has a gunpowder-propelled grenade launcher and a heartless cannon, so this is unnecessary. Yang Fan's existing equipment is lighter and easier to use.
carry.
Three-pounder guns, equipped to the battalion level.
Yang Fan decided to improve the design of the three-pounder gun based on the 1776 3-pounder gun. This gun was historically used during the American Revolutionary War.
In terms of performance, range: 365 meters; caliber: 76mm, barrel length: 0.65 meters. Yang Fan has modern scrap seamless steel pipes with good performance as barrels, which can control the total gun weight below 150 kilograms. Two
Soldiers can push the cannon easily and maneuver. Skilled soldiers can fire the 3-pounder once in 30 seconds.
Six-pounder gun, equipped with troops directly under the regimental headquarters of the infantry regiment.
Yang Fan's six-pound gun is designed based on the m1841 6-pound (projectile 2.54 kg) field gun. It mainly improves the gun mount and installs bearings to increase the field march speed and reduce resistance. At the same time, steel is used instead of heavy bronze.
, reduce the weight of the artillery.
In terms of performance, the original gun has a caliber of 3.66 inches (about 93mm), a barrel length of 1.52 meters, and a weight of about 389 kilograms. The range is 1370 meters.
After Yang Fan improved it, he used modern seamless steel pipes as the barrel. The caliber was changed to 100mm, and the weight was reduced to 250 kilograms.
The twelve-pounder gun is used as a division-affiliated artillery and is equipped with artillery units directly under the division headquarters.
The gun was designed based on the pounder field gun.
The original gun barrel was 66 inches long (.3 times the caliber), the caliber was 117mm, the gun body weighed .57kg) and the left and right wheels had a diameter of 57 inches (1.45 meters).
The total weight (gun body, gun frame plus wheels) weighs kilograms). The total gun combination (full gun plus front trailer and attached ammunition box) weighs 3865 pounds (approximately 1750 kilograms).
Yang Fan made relatively large improvements to the twelve-pounder cannon. Mainly because this type of artillery was too heavy. The current road conditions in Ming Dynasty were worse than the environment during the Civil War.
After improvement, solid rubber tires and bearings were used to replace the original cast steel wheels.
After casting, the barrel blank is forged by water hammer and repeatedly quenched, and the barrel is made by using a boring machine to dig out the barrel. The heavy bronze barrel is abandoned.
At the same time, the gun mount design was optimized, the ammunition cart was improved, and the weight was significantly reduced.
After the improvement, the caliber became 122 mm, and the total weight of the gun was 500 kilograms. Including the ammunition cart and portable ammunition, the total weight did not exceed 1,000 kilograms.
The common 75mm field gun in modern times has a total combat weight of about 1-2 tons and generally requires 6 horses to pull it. The improved 12-pounder gun can be towed by three heavy-duty draft horses.
The twelve-pounder is a powerful artillery piece. It is very suitable as a divisional artillery piece.
When loaded with 1.13kg (2.5 pounds) standard propellant charge (flake black powder), the muzzle velocity of the twelve-pound shell can reach 439 meters/second. At a shooting angle of 5°, the firing range can reach 1480m.
When the shooting angle is 10°, the range can reach an astonishing 1911 meters.
The solid bullets of the 12-pounder can easily penetrate the entire company column at a distance of 600 yards. The 6-pounder can only penetrate half of the company column at a distance of 200 yards - and only barely.
The difference in power between the two when firing shotshells is even more obvious. Although the effective range of the shotshells fired by the six-pounder cannon is equivalent to that of the twelve-pounder cannon, the number of shotshells fired by the six-pounder cannon is less than half that of the twelve-pounder cannon.
This resulted in a far different killing range than that of a twelve-pounder gun. Many gunners even complained that the suppressive ability of three six-pounder cannons firing shotshells was equivalent to that of one twelve-pounder cannon.
The twelve-pounder cannon has excellent performance in destroying houses and walls, as well as battlefield fortifications.
The main types of ammunition are solid bullets, explosive bombs/grenade, shotgun shells, and sometimes grapeshot.
The explosive bomb is a spherical shell weighing 4.3 kilograms, which is filled with about 900 grams of black explosive. After the explosion, it usually produces no less than 20 large fragments, and is detonated by a typical time fuse.
In order to withstand the high chamber pressure of the original cannon, the wall of the shell was made very thick, and the amount of charge was limited, so it was less powerful. Yang Fan loaded 900 grams of fertilizer explosive, which is equivalent to
The power of the explosion is considerable. The fragments of a high-phosphorus-containing projectile can exceed 200.
The standard shotgun is a thin-shelled projectile weighing 5.44 kg. This projectile contains 68 bullets with a diameter of 1 inch. Each bullet is 1 inch in diameter (about 97 grams). The bullet is made of sawdust or other soft materials.
The powdery substance is plugged tightly.
On the one hand, it is to prevent the thin projectile body from being squeezed and deformed, and on the other hand, it is also to prevent the projectiles inside from making noise due to collision with each other during marching.
Such shotgun shells will break after being fired, and the pellets inside will fly towards the enemy like a metal rainstorm. These heavy small pellets will still have a certain degree of lethality 200 meters away.
Because of its strong penetrating power, it can continuously penetrate the human body. It is essentially a small solid bullet. Within a radius of 200 meters, everyone will be penetrated, and almost no one will survive. The lethality is very powerful.
The infantry corps is equipped with artillery at the battalion, regiment, and division levels. Super-large-caliber weapons such as the heartless cannon are placed under the military headquarters and organized into independent artillery battalions.
From now on, the cavalry corps will be responsible for the battles in the grassland direction. The infantry corps will be responsible for the battles within the Great Wall. The cavalry corps will be stationed in Duolun, while the infantry corps will be stationed in Xincheng.
No more today.
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