"Brother Wang, wait a minute."
After the discussion, Cheng Qiao said goodbye to Ying Zheng and was about to leave. Before he could walk out of the palace door, he heard Ying Zheng's voice.
"Brother Wang, is there anything else?" Cheng Qiao asked with some confusion.
"You forgot to take your things."
Cheng Qiao followed Ying Zheng's gaze and immediately saw the bamboo slips placed on the table. He couldn't help but smile bitterly in his heart. Is it necessary to take it back?
"Brother Wang, there's no need to take it. Didn't you say you would prepare one for me?"
"I have already finished reading the Lonely and Furious chapter. You can take it back and read it first. It will take some time to prepare."
Good guy, this is a die-hard fan among die-hard fans, and he doesn’t forget to recommend the book?
In this case, Cheng Qiao could only turn around and go back to the table to pick up the bamboo slips.
After Cheng Qiao left, Ying Zheng asked someone to make a copy. After giving the instructions, he started reading "Five Worms" again, and soon he was fascinated again.
This time Ying Zheng fell into trance much faster than when he read the chapter "Indignation". The chapter "Five Mosquitoes" is the most famous one in Han Fei's works.
After Cheng Qiao left the side hall of Yong Temple, he went to Gaoquan Palace. When he arrived, he found his mother, Mrs. Han, playing Go in Jing Salamander.
Jing salamander can play Go, and has dabbled in it a little, but it is not close to Wei Wuji's mission and therefore did not strengthen its training. Therefore, it can be said that it was defeated steadily by Mrs. Han's offensive.
Mrs. Han, who was born into an aristocratic family, is good at playing music, chess, calligraphy and painting. Although she can't be called everyone, she can easily surpass Jing Salamander.
Cheng Qiao said hello and stood aside quietly to watch the entire chess game. After the game was over, he went on the field in person.
Cheng Qiao didn't have high attainments in chess, he just knew the rules and knew how to play.
This is what I learned in this life. I didn’t have time to learn it in the second life. The first life was related to Go. I just watched "Go Boy" when I was a teenager. Now when I think of the opening song, I still feel a little excited.
If Jing Salamander was retreating steadily, then Chengqiao was defeated thousands of miles away.
Fortunately, Cheng Qiao and Jing Salamander don't care about winning or losing, they just want to make Mrs. Han happy.
After playing chess, Cheng Qiao took Jing Salamander to eat some tea and snacks, chatted for a while and then left.
He originally wanted to see Concubine Yan and Moon God, but when he arrived, he was told by the maid that the two women were practicing. Cheng Qiao stopped the maid and went to inform the two women, leaving a message to let the two women be guests when they were free and left.
There is nothing urgent right now, I just want to chat and deepen our relationship.
Cheng Qiao plans to break through the Grand Master and restore his cultivation level before he gets down to business. If Donghuang Taiyi doesn't agree, he will turn his back on others.
After leaving the palace, Cheng Qiao went back to his home. There was nothing wrong on the way, so he picked up the bamboo slips and continued reading.
Ying Zheng acted very quickly. He copied all of Han Fei's works that night and sent the young man's servant to deliver them.
The total number of words in all of Han Fei's works is over 100,000 words. Cheng Qiao understood them word for word and sentence by sentence, but read them through quickly. He easily finished reading the 100,000 words in less than one night.
All of Han Fei's writings adopt the argumentative style. The prose of pre-Qin scholars started from the quotation style of "The Analects of Confucius" and has developed to a very mature stage today.
After reading all of Han Fei's works, even though they were only a cursory reading, Cheng Qiao had to admire Han Fei's talent, especially the chapter "Five Worms", no wonder he is so famous.
…
"Five Worms" is an essay with rigorous arguments and progressive layers. The argument is the most rigorous and mature.
Han Fei's point of view: The sage does not seek to cultivate the ancients, and it is always possible to break the law. He discusses the affairs of the world because he is prepared.
Rulers cannot copy ancient laws and adhere to old customs, but must formulate corresponding political measures based on the actual situation of the current society.
Han Fei believes that using the political methods of ancient sage kings to govern today's world is like waiting for a rabbit, not knowing how to adapt, and blindly pursuing the benevolence of the ruler is not advisable.
The idiom "wait for the rabbit" was invented by Han Fei. In addition, he also invented many other allegorical idioms and common idioms.
Among the theories of the pre-Qin scholars, like Confucianism and Mohism, they all require rulers to govern the world with "benevolence" and believe that as long as they implement benevolent government, the world will submit. This is too ideal.
This is the first level of argument in "Five Worms".
Then Han Fei began to explain the relationship between the number of people and the amount of wealth. First, he said that in ancient times, natural materials were abundant and there were few people, so everyone did not have to compete. Now there are more people and less products, so everyone competes with each other.
After explaining the general direction, Han Fei compared the living conditions of ancient wise kings and today's county magistrates.
In ancient times, the reason why the emperor abdicated the throne was because the king had to work tirelessly to benefit the people of the world, but his own life was not that good. Nowadays, the living conditions of a small county magistrate are much better than those of the wise kings in ancient times, so everyone is vying to be the emperor.
The county magistrate, let alone the emperor.
The reason is that the actual benefits vary greatly between them.
Therefore, the sage must measure the amount of wealth and power to formulate policies. The sage is the ruler.
In the Middle Ages, kings who acted benevolently and righteously were conquered by the world, but now, kings who act benevolently and righteously are destroyed by other countries, which further proves his point of view: benevolence and righteousness were used in the past but not today, and things will change if the world changes.
Then we further demonstrate: In ancient times, we competed for morality, in the Middle Ages, we competed for wisdom, and today we compete for strength.
When the world changes, things change, and when things change, be prepared for change.
Social customs in ancient and modern times are different, and political measures are also different. If you try to use lenient and gentle policies to govern the people in the era of drastic changes, it is like trying to control a fierce horse without reins and whips, and unwise disasters will occur.
Implementing benevolent government cannot keep the world from chaos. People always succumb to power rather than benevolence and justice.
Today's scholars require that the monarch be benevolent and righteous in order to rule the world. They want the monarch to be like the ancient saints and Confucius, and they want the people of the world to be like Confucius's disciples. This is impossible.
If a child doesn't learn well, no matter how much his parents, teachers, or neighbors try to console him, it won't work. But as soon as he sees the officials arresting bad guys according to the law, he will be afraid and start to change his bad habits.
People are always pampered when they are loved, and they surrender when they see power. A wise king must strictly legislate and use punishment strictly, and the rewards should be generous and can always be fulfilled, so that people can covet.
After expounding the point of view, it is the focus and focus of this article.
The so-called five kinds of beetles are the five kinds of people who harm the country, prevent the country from becoming strong, and make the country chaotic.
Confucians: People of the Confucian school who use words to disrupt laws and regulations and confuse the monarch and the world.
Politician: A talker who engages in diplomacy between countries, talks sweet words, stirs up troubles, and easily provokes wars. A country cannot be strong through diplomacy, but must rely on repairing internal affairs.
Ranger: Swordsman, assassin, gathering gang members, serving nobles, breaking laws.
Those who suffer from imperialism: young adults who are afraid of military service, so they desert the military service and seek refuge with powerful ministers and nobles.
Unscrupulous traders: They manufacture defective goods and sell them to farmers who work hard to make huge profits.
Han Fei described Confucianism and political strategists as worms. Because Han Fei studied under Xunzi, he knew many Confucians very well. The criticism of Confucianism in the article was to the point, more pungent than the criticism of political strategists, and quite interesting.
Although Confucianism was highly respected in later generations, it was not taken seriously during the Warring States Period. It was lost to everyone and was attacked by many people.
Confucianism promotes "benevolent government" and governs with "benevolence" to unify the world.
But during the Warring States Period, the rulers of various countries were busy with annexation wars, thinking about how to defeat enemy countries and make their countries stronger.
If a ruler governs the world with "benevolence", then he will be annexed by other countries. Who will govern the world with benevolence?
Therefore, Confucian "benevolent government" had no place at that time.
This kind of criticism was not excessive in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At that time, there was no unified ideological authority. Each school defended its own doctrines and believed that its own thoughts were the best and could save the world and the people.
Han Fei was not the one who made the most exaggerated remarks. His ancestor Mencius’ criticism of other schools of thought was even more harsh and merciless.
Mencius called Zhang Yi and Gongsun Yan "the way of concubines" and acted according to others' faces to get some benefits for themselves. He even scolded Yang Zhu and Mo Zhai as "having no father and no king, they are like beasts".
The Mo Zhai here is Mozi among the hundreds of schools of thought, that is, the Mohist school in "The Bright Moon of the Qin Dynasty". Yang Zhu is the founder respected by the thousand-year evil sect "Quan Xing" in "Under One Person". His famous point of view is "
No one loses anything, and no one harms the world."
Of course, although Mencius's words were harsh, he did not just curse, but had a sense of justice to defend Confucianism and the truth.
In that era, it was common for various schools of thought to debate each other, and there were no restricted areas or authority, so everyone could speak freely.
In "Nine Songs of the Sky", Han Fei not only boldly dissed Confucianism and political strategists in "Five Worms", but also dared to recommend his own articles to Wei Zhuang, a political strategist.
This has a lot to do with the background of that era. Even if Wei Zhuang looked very unhappy, he could not take action against Han Fei. He could only find a way to defeat Han Fei in the debate.
I remember that in the anime, when Wei Zhuang went to read "Five Beetles", his eyebrows never stretched out, and the purple girl watching on the side was very curious.
After Wei Zhuang finished reading the article, he took the wine bottle handed to him by Zi Nu, his brows finally relaxed a little, and he drank slowly while talking about the political situation in South Korea.
There was a carelessness in his words, but what he said was that he was waiting to see how Han Fei, who was in a dangerous situation, would break the situation. He was just waiting to see Han Fei's jokes and was ready to take advantage of him.
Wei Zhuang must be very dissatisfied with the remarks about political strategists, but he must also be shocked by Han Fei's talent.
What should we do if beetles endanger the country?
Han Fei's method is to let the five beetles taste the power of the dictatorship's iron fist!
Han Fei's articles usually start from one point, listing facts first, providing sufficient evidence from ancient times to the present, and deriving arguments from them.
As soon as an argument is finished, it immediately switches to the next level of analysis, linking it closely and summarizing it layer by layer until the end.
Progressing step by step, he talks eloquently and eloquently. In addition, Han Fei's writing style is sharp, sharp, detailed and powerful, harsh and unkind, and he dares to speak out, giving him a fierce and fierce spirit.
Then analyze the reality with a cold and harsh attitude, boldly expose the thoughts and behaviors of various characters, without hiding it, and pick out the hidden things without any scruples.
It is based on reality, the viewpoint is realistic, and it is in line with the actual situation of history. Every sentence is to the point and makes sense. After reading it, it feels like climbing a towering mountain, full of stamina.
…
After reading it, Cheng Qiao couldn't help but think that Han Fei's theory was very suitable for today, but because of his experience in the first life, he did not think that what Han Fei said was completely right like Ying Zheng did, and he was completely convinced.
Just as Han Fei proposed in "Five Worms" that we should keep pace with the times and formulate policies according to local conditions. In Cheng Qiao's view, Han Fei's theory can only be used at the moment of unifying the world, and then it will not work, and the hidden dangers are huge.
Han Fei's theory is very suitable for the war-torn era of drastic changes, but it is too extreme, too authoritarian, and too rough, and is not suitable for a world that focuses on recuperation and recuperation.
"One Sword Dominates"
Cheng Qiao believes that Han Fei's theory should be reconciled with Confucian theory, and while ruling the country by law, we should vigorously build spiritual civilization, political civilization, and economic civilization.
Cheng Qiao also had different ideas about the supremacy of monarchy advocated by Han Fei.
There is no problem with the supremacy of the monarchy of Yingzheng's generation, but the monarchy of future generations must be restricted. Unconstrained power will only cause disaster in the end, and monarchy is no exception.
Although Han Fei praised the supremacy of monarchy and emphasized that the monarch should firmly hold power in his hands, he still despised the monarch in his heart, which can be described as quite arrogant.
There is a passage in "Speaking of Difficulties" that is translated as follows: A monarch is like a dragon. He has an inverse scale under his neck. If he touches it, he will eat people. If you don't touch his inverse scale, you can ride on him.
Take control of him, use your wisdom and knowledge to conquer those rulers and control them.
Li Si once said in "Nine Songs of Heaven", "My senior brother is ten times more talented than me."
Cheng Qiao thought it was an exaggeration, but after reading Han Fei's article, he felt that it was probably true.
However, the word "cai" here, Cheng Qiao believes, refers to talent, not ability.
Han Fei was born into a noble family, could easily read a lot of books, and became an apprentice with ease. His achievements were worthy of being called a diligent genius, and he deserved the title of "Zi".
Li Si came from a low background, but was able to climb to the position of prime minister of the Qin Dynasty. His talent and resourcefulness may not be as good as Han Fei's, but his ability to handle government affairs is definitely not worse than Han Fei's, and it is not surprising that he is stronger.
Historically, Han Fei did not serve as an official for long, and in "Nine Songs of Heaven" he only held the position of Sikou. Although it involved a small amount of other government affairs, such as disaster relief, how big is South Korea?
Not to mention the Qin State that unified the world, the ununified Qin State was also a few steps ahead of South Korea. As we all know, there must be differences in the execution methods of governing a county and governing a county, let alone a country with a wider territory.
However, in terms of structure, Li Si is actually inferior to Han Fei. Li Si often only considers things from his own perspective, but his mind is not as big as Han Fei's.
But this cannot be entirely blamed on Li Si. Li Si had no choice at all. Who told him to come from a poor family and ignore himself? How could he change his destiny if he didn't work hard?
Who wants to be an ordinary citizen if he can be a noble prince?
In most places in this era, the nobility's asxs is the end point that ordinary people can't reach in their lifetime, and even the threshold of asxs cannot be touched.
All in all, in Cheng Qiao's opinion, both of them have their own merits. If there is a comparison, Han Fei is better, but he can still be said to be "a moment of excellence".
－－－－－－Digression－－－－－
This chapter draws on the article of Zhihu. When you browse Zhihu, you can support it. You can see that she is a pretty girl. I wrote it mainly for everyone to know more about Han Fei. If you are interested, you can find Han Fei.
Read all the articles, there are translations anyway.
This chapter has been completed!