Khan, or specifically having a Khan title, actually has its own inheritance system and rules.
And this rule is very big.
Then, there is a problem. Tribal leaders of all sizes on the grasslands have always been called Khans. Like the Caotou King, it doesn’t sound very valuable!
Yes, in fact, just a khan is indeed not very valuable.
The real gold content is actually the title before Khan.
For example, the title "Tian Khan" has always been talked about by future generations. Its nobility lies in the word "Tian".
In fact, according to the transliteration, Tian Khan can be translated as Dengli Khan or Dengli Khan, or directly called Tengri Khan.
The reason why he was called Tian Khan was because of the collective flattery of the translators of the Tang Dynasty and the tribal leaders on the grasslands.
Tian Khan, he sounds so majestic! He is almost like the king of the world.
And it can be explained, because Tengri means heaven, heaven, and god in Turkic language, and even the original belief of many grassland peoples was Tengri.
The vitality of this word is extremely strong, and it has been passed down to the Republic of China in later generations.
The Immortal Heaven of the Mongols is Tengger, so Dengli Khan and Tengger Khan are translated as Tiankhan, and there seems to be no problem.
It is true that in the grassland khan system, Tengri Khan is indeed higher than other khans, just a little bit.
But it is incorrect to regard Tengri Khan as the sweat of all sweats.
However, after the relay between Tang Taizong and Tang Gaozong, the name Tengri Khan began to become more noble in the hearts of the grassland people.
Let’s take a look at the title Ju’er Khan. Later generations also liked to translate it as the Khan of Khans.
This is also incorrect, because the word Juer in Juer Khan can actually be translated as Gur or Chuluo.
In other words, Juer Khan is equivalent to Gur Khan and Chuluo Khan.
And their etymology is Que. According to the spelling of later Latin letters, it is kul, and the pronunciation is exactly similar to Que.
Its original meaning is glory or glory, so the original meaning of Juer Khan, Chuluo Khan, and Gur Khan is Glorious Khan.
So why is Ju'er Khan called the Khan of All Khans?
Some people in later generations even called the Mughal Empire in India the Juer Khanate, and they rightly regarded this title as extremely noble.
We have to start with Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty.
After Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty conquered the grasslands, the Turks, Xueyantuo, Tiele and other tribes elected Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty as Dengli Khan, also known as Tengri Khan. Later, it was changed by Tang Dynasty officials and translated into Tian Khan.
When Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty passed away, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty succeeded to the throne, but the rule on the grasslands was that the position of Khan could be inherited, but the title of Khan could not be inherited.
Therefore, at this time, all the ethnic groups in Monan and Mobei were planning to hold a recommendation meeting and give Tang Gaozong the title of Khan.
But this matter was found out by officials of the Yanran Protectorate of the Tang Dynasty, later the Anbei Protectorate, and they were almost scared to death.
Why the hell are you looking for death?
With such an recommendation, wouldn't it mean that the Emperor of the Tang Dynasty had to be supported by all the ethnic groups in Monan and Mobei?
Does that mean that if the emperor succeeds to the throne in the future, he will not be able to become a khan if he is not recommended by you?
Are you crazy? This is not recommending a Khan. You are democratically electing the Emperor of the Tang Dynasty! Isn't this just a matter of pure brains?
The leaders of the tribes in Monan and Mobei were also frightened when they understood, and immediately gave up any intention of continuing to support him.
But then we have to give Tang Gaozong the title of Khan! He will also be beaten.
So the leaders of the tribes reluctantly made a decision that went against their ancestors and passed on the title Tian Khan, Dengli Khan, to the emperors of the Tang Dynasty. Tang Gaozong also successfully became Tian Khan.
After the decline of the Tang Dynasty, it still maintained a relatively strong military force. In addition, the grassland people relied on the supplies from the Central Plains court, so the title of Khan of Heaven was passed down according to this habit.
But in fact, in the hearts of the grassland peoples, the inheritance of Tian Khan has ceased to exist since the Anshi Rebellion.
Because after the An-Shi Rebellion, the Tang court invited the Uighur Khan to go to the Central Plains to quell the rebellion, and he was repeatedly insulted by the Uighurs, so he could no longer be called the Khan of Heaven.
Therefore, the stage of the Tang Dynasty's Tiankhan who deserved the title ended during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.
Later, although some grassland tribes continued to call the emperor of the Tang Dynasty the Khan of Heaven, they were just trying to defraud tribute and rewards.
But today the Khan is gone. Is there still a Khan on the grassland?
Yes! No.
Yes, it means that khans have always existed, such as Huairen Khan, Zhongzhen Khan, Baoyi Khan, etc. Just by looking at their names, you can tell that this is a khan without a title and was given by the Tang Dynasty.
The Yinan Khan who was teased by Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty was called Zhenzhu Bijia Khan. This was not an honorific Khan, but a self-titled title with religious connotations.
Therefore, it can be said that there is no one, because their Khan titles are either simply using their own names, or they are given by the Tang Dynasty, using the ancient Turkic title Khan, none of them.
The only khan with a little bit of honorific title was Pang Teqin, who named himself Pika Que Kadir Khan after establishing the Kara Khanate.
The Que in his name is the kul that can be translated as Ju'er and Chuluo.
But in fact, Pang Teqin himself also knew that this Ju'er was just for his own entertainment and no one would admit it.
So they didn't dare to call them Ju'er Khan or Chuluo Khan directly, but added Pika and Qadir to cover it up.
Therefore, both his descendants and the surrounding tribes have always called Pang Teqin as Kadir Khan and never mentioned the word "que".
Moreover, the title Ju'er Khan given to Zhang Zhao by the Suiye tribes was actually the word Que used by Pang Teqin.
Reminiscent of the fact that Suiye was once part of the Kara Khanate of Pangteqin, I have to say that the Kara Khanate, which calls itself Juer Khan, has a legacy.
Zhang Zhao didn't know it at the time and accepted it with a smile.
Only when he returned to Liangzhou did he realize that this was what happened, Ma De. It was so shameful! So he never let anyone mention the title Ju'er Khan again.
The Kara Khanate, after Pang Teqin, began to go astray.
They did not dare to use the title, so they changed it to Arslenk Khan, the lion khan, as the chief khan, and Bugla khan, the male camel khan, as the deputy khan, and it could be passed down from generation to generation.
From the sky Khan, he turned into the lion and the male camel as representative animals. What kind of cows and horses are these?
The level has dropped below sea level, so of course this is not the title of Khan.
It is understandable why the world, especially the grassland tribes, was so shocked after Yelu Dashi was jointly elected as Juer Khan by more than a dozen ethnic tribes including the Uighurs, Merqi, Uligu, and Shiwei.
Because from the death of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty in 762 to the year 1132 when Yelu Dashi was elected as Ju'er Khan, it was a full 370 years. For the first time in the grasslands, a khan with the title of Ju'er Khan was promoted by all ethnic groups.
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The only Khan with the title of Khan in almost four hundred years will of course be called the Khan of the Khans by the following little Khan, who uses his name, religion, and strange animals to name his Khan.
But this time, after being deceived by Ju'er about the title of Khan, Zhang Tianwang also severely revised the rules regarding the title of Khan of the Grassland.
He vowed to turn this humiliating experience of being deceived into reality.
He wants to be the only Khan with the title of Khan in these 180 years!
In fact, before this, there was a person who could also get the honorary title of Khan, and that was Zhang Zhao's cheap uncle Yelu Abaoji.
But Yelu Abao didn't dare to take it, because the Khitans were engaged in the election of khans. If he dared to ask for the title of khan, it would have confirmed the legitimacy of the Khitan system.
Therefore, in order to pass on the position of Khitan Khan to his descendants, Yelu Abaoji simply did not ask for the title of Khan and directly became emperor.
It can be said that this was all forced. If it hadn't been for Yelu Abaoji to change the election system into a hereditary system, he would have gone to have others recommend him to the title.
As for the problem that the title of the Grassland Emperor is far less noble than the title of the Emperor of the Central Plains.
For example, after Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty received the title of Heavenly Khan, he almost never used it and still issued orders based on his qualifications as the Emperor of the Tang Dynasty.
There is also the issue of the Manchu and Qing emperors, who never used the titles given to them by the Mongols, but were called the Qing emperors instead.
This is actually determined by the culture of Tianwuerri in the Central Plains. There must be a hierarchy between the grassland khan and the imperial emperor, so they prefer to use the more noble title of emperor.
But Zhang Zhao doesn’t think so. What a wonderful thing the title Khan is!
It can stir up the wind and clouds in the desert, divert the grassland disasters to the west, and strengthen the centripetal force of the grassland peoples.
Of course you have to use it, and you have to use it well.
This is perhaps the biggest difference between Zhang Zhao and previous emperors, because he knew what was to the west, instead of just looking at the Central Plains world.
Arm the various ethnic groups in the grassland, assimilate them, and then use them as minions to find a way for them to survive all the way west. This will further stimulate the pride of the Han people to continue to go out of the fortress.
Isn’t this much more flattering than debating which one is better titled Khan or Emperor?
....
On the second day of the second lunar month, the dragon raised its head, and Zhang Zhao built a general tower at Yanqi.
Bai Congxin was appointed to recruit envoys for the west route, and he led his horses to kill Cai Cai, Li Cunhui and other generals.
With the surrendered general Zhai Guozhong as their guide, a total of 15,000 cavalrymen left Baishui Military City and headed west to recapture Zhangbao Shouchuo (Urumqi), Wuzai Shouchuo (Manas) and other places.
Then he asked Murong Nobunaga to recruit envoys for the North Road, leading Huang Yingda, Zhe Deyuan, Murong Yanzhao, Wang Shenqi, Zhao Kuangyin and others, leading an army of 12,000.
Using the merchants of the Xijiasi tribe as a guide, they went north to Chuchengzhou and then west to recruit the Xijiasi people near Xuanchi (Zhaisangbo).
In mid-March, Bai Congxin, Li Cunhui and other generals recaptured Zhangbao, while Wu Zai Er guarded the city and discovered traces of Geluolu and Saktu.
At the end of March, Murong Nobunaga and other generals arrived near Manas Lake and named the lake the Great Salt Pond.
However, due to heavy wind and snow, the original plan to continue going north to reach the former Dudu Mansion of Yinshan Mountain in the Tang Dynasty failed, and of course, they were not able to continue going north to Xuanchi.
But Murong Nobunaga knew why Zhang Zhao sent him north. If the big army couldn't get through, he would send a small force.
Then he sent Zhang Xibao and his five hundred elite cavalry to continue their trade with Xijiasi, while he led his army back and moved closer to Bai Congxin's tribe.
At the end of April, Murong Nobunaga and Bai Congxin joined forces, and the 30,000-strong army continued to march westward to Huangcaobo, which was later known as Lake Aibi.
The army immediately discovered and raided the Saktu tribe who was watching here and wanted to enter Tingzhou.
The two sides fought for two hours, and Saktu was defeated again. He was forced to continue westward with thousands of defeated soldiers, broke away from the Geluolu tribe, and fled to the territory of the Ogus people.
At the end of May, Bai Congxin, Murong Nobunaga, Li Cunhui, etc., with Ge Luolu's strength, waited for the leaders of the two tribes to return.
The leaders of the two tribes presented tributes such as white camels, white horses, and white oxen to Zhang Zhaojin to express their surrender.
In mid-June, the Suiye Guo family, Rashid Saliman, the governor of Huwen City, and Hamid, the emir of Saman Persia, all sent people to Yanqi.
At the end of June, Zhang Xibao, who had gone to the former Governor's Mansion of Yinshan in the Tang Dynasty, came back and brought several Xiao Wang from the Xijias tribe and some tiger and wolf skins as tribute.
At this point, all the conditions for recommending the title of Great Khan have basically reached the minimum standards.
This chapter has been completed!