Driven by this trend, when the Tiefu Xiongnu established their political power, they also attached themselves to an ancestor of the Chinese people and considered themselves to be descendants of the Xia Hou family. Therefore, Bobo was called the Great Xia King and the Great Chanyu, and his regime was named "
Summer".
This point can also be seen in many places in the previous description. For example, the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Former Qin Dynasty, etc. all gave themselves Chinese ancestors, or they could see traces of Han culture in compiling their family's origins.
The living environment of nomadic culture is the geography of "no food" and the nomadic production method of "migrating by water and grass", and "following the livestock as wide as possible, and hunting birds and beasts for a living". The Han culture is related to the humid and semi-humid climate.
A cultural system suitable for the continental large river ecological environment.
Since the Han, Cao and Wei dynasties, a large number of northern nomadic peoples have migrated inward. Regardless of political, economic, cultural and other aspects, they have all chosen Sinicization.
In other words, Helianbo's atrocities stemmed from his lack of confidence.
In modern times, there are also people who are not confident and do many bizarre or excessive behaviors.
In fact, Gou Xiong believes that if you realize your own shortcomings, you are a strong person! You are much stronger than those who are self-righteous and self-righteous. Don't feel inferior, let alone get angry about it. Work hard to improve yourself. One day, hard work will make you happy.
Let us see a brand new self.
Because this article focuses on the development of the Northern Wei Dynasty, we will not talk about the Dai Kingdom and the Northern Wei Dynasty here.
This volume has some complaints about Mr. Lu, which I would like to explain:
Mr. Lu's six chronological histories were all written during World War II. I haven't read the other ones yet. As for "History of the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties", given the background of World War II, it is not difficult to understand why he derogated the Hu people so much.
Mr. Lu is borrowing from the past to describe the present.
The reason why Gou Xiong wants to complain about Mr. Lu is just to let everyone understand that when reading history, you have to read it with your brain. You don’t need to read whatever is written in the book. The historians in ancient China served the imperial court. Of course, they picked out whatever sounds good to them.
say what.
For example, in "One Hundred Family Surnames", why is Zhao ranked first? It is said that "One Hundred Family Surnames" was written in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the national surname in the Northern Song Dynasty was Zhao, so of course Zhao was ranked first.
This also shows that reading a book must be placed in the context of the time when the book was written. What Mr. Lu thought when he wrote the book is definitely different from what we think in peaceful times. As a reader, we should also understand.
Lu Simian said:
"What historians fear most is that they cannot find sources for themselves, and they must not use their own opinions to write chapters; although they know that the words of their predecessors are not trustworthy, they cannot erase them and not pass them on to future generations; if
If you argue one by one, you will be unable to win the argument (because there is no evidence to prove it); I hope you will enjoy learning and be diligent in thinking so that you can understand the meaning."
When Gou Xiong wrote this article, I also felt the same way. I also hope that those who read Gou Xiong’s article can think from multiple perspectives and understand Gou Xiong’s last resort.
Jiang Tingfu pointed out: Chinese people do not lack historical knowledge, but what they lack is historical perspective.
Lu Simian also said: Although history is a book of records, what we explore is principles rather than things. Reasons summarize all things, while things are just one thing.
Finally, regarding the Five Hus and Sixteen Kingdoms, on the Internet, you will always see scary phrases such as the sinking of China and the sinking of the Central Plains. However, from the perspective of the Han people, this is indeed the case.
In fact, after understanding it, you will find that it is no different from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. When a political power rises and a political power falls, there will be destruction of land and harm to the people.
The only difference is that for the Han people, the Five Hus and Sixteen Kingdoms were an invasion by foreigners. The foreigners drove the Han people to the south and settled in a corner, occupying the place where the Han people used to be.
In fact, during the period of the Wuhu and Sixteen Kingdoms, the national character had not yet been formed. Looking at the historical facts of the Wuhu, they never boasted about their nation, only their caste.
When a foreign race meets our race (referring to the Han race), the national character becomes more obvious. There is almost a big dividing line between Liao and Jin.
Before the Liao Dynasty, all foreign ethnic groups regarded the Han people as noble and wanted to imitate them. However, after the Jin Dynasty, this did not happen. This is because the ethnic groups before the Liao Dynasty all lived in the frontier fortress, or simply lived in the fortress.
The Jurchens, Mongolia, and Manchuria are all relatively far away from the frontier fortress.
It can also be seen that our nation's ability to assimilate foreign races has been subtle for many years without being disturbed by Wu Hu.
The reason why the history books write scary things about the fall of the Central Plains is because before the Three Kingdoms, the foreigners had always been submissive to me. Until the Wu Huan chaos began, and I turned to be submissive to the foreigners, it was considered intolerable.
As a modern person, there is no need to follow the history books and shout that the Central Plains has fallen.
Before the Jin Dynasty moved south, the south was not taken seriously. After the Jin Dynasty moved south, the south gradually developed into another political and cultural center.
Regardless of the national stance, there is no need to say it. Now the blood of the Han people is flowing with the blood of other ethnic groups, and the blood of other ethnic groups is also flowing with the blood of the Han people. They have become one family. Is it necessary to say this?
From a cultural perspective, this period is actually classified as a cultural epoch by some people.
Hey, is there anything wrong? The Chinese culture of this era has once again changed from a state of silence like stagnant water to an active state of boiling water since the contention of a hundred schools of thought in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is an exciting period!
People's thoughts break away from the shackles of previous ethics and develop in the direction of conscious awakening!
Buddhism: Buddhism was introduced to China at the end of the Western Han Dynasty. It developed rapidly during the Five Hus and Sixteenth Kingdoms and the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Buddhist teachings officially appeared as an independent philosophy. The four major grottoes in China were all excavated during the Five Hus and Sixteenth Dynasties.
country and the Northern Wei Dynasty, leaving a bright treasure to future generations!
Painting: It has also been freed from the shackles of "the subsidy of human relations and the convenience of politics and religion", and has developed into an independent art. Expressive and freehand writing is all in the pen, and it no longer simply serves politics and religion. Gu Kaizhi, Zong Bing, etc. appeared.
Everyone who has played a significant role in the history of Chinese painting.
Calligraphy: It was also during this period that writing evolved from simply recording things to the art of calligraphy, becoming an independent entity and appearing in Chinese culture. Seal script, official script, regular script, running script, cursive script, and other calligraphy styles that are still in use today are all in
The Eastern Jin Dynasty was completely finalized. Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi, the well-known Wang father and son, were also figures in this period.
Literature: During this period, there was a spurt of development! Pastoral poetry, landscape poetry, rhythmic poetry, and parallel prose appeared.
After the Five Hus and Sixteen Kingdoms, the dominance of the Han people in the Central Plains culture was increasingly diluted, and the Central Plains culture gradually became a multicultural that integrated many ethnic groups, many cultures, and many folk customs. After the integration of the north and the south in the Southern and Northern Dynasties,
In addition to its roots, Han culture also has the gentleness and elegance of Jiangnan and the boldness and unrestrainedness of the grassland.
Without this era, how could we appreciate the "Preface to Orchid Pavilion", how could we read "The Story of Peach Blossom Spring", and how could we have the brilliance of the four major grottoes? Much of modern Chinese culture was formed in this era, so this is
It is an era that is both bastard and great. It is so bastard that it makes people grit their teeth, but it is so great that it makes people excited!
I feel so much, not because I want to correct my name, but because I saw some posts on the Internet that are really irritating!
I have always believed that history is a rigorous subject that can be discussed, thought about, and even questioned. However, until there is new evidence to overturn the current historical facts, this main line cannot tolerate crooked monks reading crooked scriptures!
This volume is a little detailed, and contains a lot of emotions. I want everyone to have a good understanding of the "Five Hus and Sixteen Kingdoms". In fact, it is not as scary as some posts on the Internet say, just because there are too few people who can endure the boring reading of history books.
, most of them are just what you need, you can just look for them on the Internet, so rumors spread, and this period of history becomes even more demonized.
In this era, it is not only difficult for the Han people to survive, but also for the Hu people. Some posts on the Internet say that the Han people in this era will not survive, but the Hu people live very well.
Through the explanation in this volume, it can also be seen that the Hu people have a better life, but only those in power are limited to it. However, even if the people in power are not in the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms, they are still living very well. As for the common people, they are not as good as before.
There is no difference, even the same as the Han people, they have to suffer from the war.
I would like to remind everyone again that when reading a book, whether it is a novel or a history book, don’t ignore the background in which the book was written. This way, we will not be biased in hearing, reading or believing.
To borrow a sentence from Lu Simian:
"The value of history does not lie in the fact that it records many facts, but in its ability to explain the truth of social evolution based on these facts."
Only by looking at history from an objective perspective and looking at it correctly can we see the full picture of history. Only then can we gain something, learn something, grow something, and be helpful in the future.
Ahem, the article that was crooked by a bear and almost went to outer space was finally successfully crooked by a bear! Let’s continue.
Gou Xiong opened the door to the actor's room, and there was a lot of excitement inside. It didn't look like he had been left out for half a month:
The adults were chatting, playing on mobile phones, or reading books, while the children gathered together to play wildly. There were also a few babies, with curious eyes open, looking at the older children running back and forth.
Hyun sat cross-legged on the ground with notes all over his face, facing Ning Yu, Ning Cheng and others who were also sitting cross-legged and playing cards:
"Yes!"
Ning Fang winked at Ning Cheng, and Ning Cheng made a pair of kings:
"To the king, one more 1."
Ning Ping looked at Ning Yu and Ning Cheng and shouted:
"I'm sorry, let's go."
Hyun shouted:
"You are shameless! Why can't you afford it!"
Xiao Ning leaned on Hyun's back:
"Mom, don't be angry, Yao'er will give you a slap on the back."
Hyun snorted:
"In reality, I'm not your mother. Don't do this to me."
Xiao Ningyao climbed onto Hyun's lap again, blinking her watery eyes:
"But if you see Yao'er is so cute, don't be angry. Being angry is not good for your health."
Hyun was so cute that her eyes were full of cute flowers, and suddenly she heard Ning Fang from her home say:
"From 5 to K, I'm done."
Hyun came back to her senses and looked at the card table sharply. When Xiao Ningyao acted coquettishly at her, they were all finished! Daning Yao picked up a note, laughed and pasted it on Hyun's face. (To be continued)
This chapter has been completed!