Comparing people with each other makes people angry. Some people become rich and prosperous after surrendering; some people almost die after surrendering.
Jiang Xiang almost died of anger.
He is from Yulin, Shaanxi, and his family has been a general for generations. His eldest brother Jiang Rang is the commander-in-chief of Yulin, his younger brother Jiang Xuan is the deputy commander-in-chief of Yanghe, and he holds the seal of General Zhenshuo as the commander-in-chief of Datong.
Ordinarily, if you receive such a great favor, you should serve your country loyally and bravely.
That's not the case. Mr. Jiang is the best at adapting to the wind. He can conquer the invaders and conquer the invaders. As long as he can keep this three-acre land in Datong, he can surrender in any way.
It's a pity that I was born with a hard life. Every time I surrendered, I almost lost my life.
In the 17th year of Chongzhen, after Li Zicheng conquered Taiyuan, he sent troops to Beijing. General Jiang saw that the king had great power, so he submitted his submission.
Originally, when Li Zicheng attacked Ningwu, he was resisted desperately by the commander-in-chief Zhou Yuji. He suffered heavy casualties and wanted to retreat. He summoned the generals to discuss: "We are going to Datong, Yanghe, Xuanfu, and Juyong. They all have heavy troops. If It’s like Ning Wu, what can I do? It’s better to pay it back and do it again later.” As a result, just when he was preparing to withdraw his troops and return to Shaanxi, Jiang Xiang’s surrender came.
Li Zicheng was overjoyed and led his army across Yanmen, occupied Shuozhou, and headed straight for Datong. After entering Datong City, he was worried about Jiang Xiang. This man had been a well-known general for generations. What would happen if he surrendered and rebelled again? So he tied him up. , wanted to kill him. He needed a reason to kill, so he sent someone to question him: "The imperial court has targeted Jiruo at a critical point, how can he surrender?" ")
Fortunately, there is a benefactor to save me.
Li Zicheng's generals and general Zhang Tianlin tried hard to persuade him to survive.
His life was saved, but Li Zicheng left Zhang Tianlin, Ke Tianxiang, and Zhang Heilian in control of Datong. Although Jiang Xiang was still named the commander-in-chief, he no longer had great power.
Jiang Xiang's benefactor, General Zhang Tianlin, was also a strange person. Among the rebels, this man was nicknamed "Guo Tianxing". He had a grudge against the monks and took pleasure in destroying temples. During the period of guarding Datong, he destroyed all the ten temples in Yungang. Destruction.
After Li Zicheng was defeated in Beijing, Jiang Xiang'en took revenge and led his cronies to kill Ke Tianxiang and Zhang Heilian. He also captured Zhang Tianlin, his benefactor, and surrendered to the Qing Dynasty.
At that time, the Qing government entered the country in the name of revenge for Emperor Chongzhen. Jiang Xiang did not understand that the Qing government had the intention of taking over the Central Plains.
He also had ambitions and wanted to be Cao Cao. So he supported Zhu Dingshan, a descendant of King Zaoqiang, as a vassal, "to continue the sacrifice of the first emperor."
This was a taboo, and the Qing court condemned him as "very unreasonable."
Jiang Xiang had no choice but to go to Shu and ask for forgiveness for his "sin of ignorance and lack of skills", and asked to "disband his ministers and recruit talented people" so that he could "rest in the fields and sing about the age of peace for the rest of his life."
Dorgon, the regent of the Qing Dynasty, allowed him to continue to serve as the commander-in-chief of Datong. At the same time, he warned him that "it will be easy to worry" and "if you continue to act recklessly and interfere too much, the state has established laws, so don't bring violence to yourself."
After making such a big mistake, Jiang Xiang was determined to "make atonement".
In October of the 17th year of Chongzhen, he followed Prince Azige on the Western Expedition and worked very hard in attacking the Dashun Army Gao Yigong and other troops.
If you have accomplished meritorious service, let alone reward, you can at least "atone" for your sins, right? Unexpectedly, I almost lost my life.
In July of the 18th year of Chongzhen, he was called to Beijing and interrogated by the great scholar Gang Lin in accordance with the wishes of the regent Dorgon. He was accused of using the Ming Dynasty Chongzhen reign title to issue civil and military titles even though he submitted to the Qing Dynasty. Official Zhafu also supported King Zaoqiang, the Ming Dynasty clan clan, "this crime is not a small crime."
Jiang Xiang knelt on the ground and explained: At the beginning of entering the customs, people's hearts were undecided, so they had to take some expedient measures. "I didn't dare to have two minds."
Gang Lin then reprimanded him: "Last winter, when the British King left Datong on his westward expedition, you had doubts in your heart."
Finally, it was announced: "The Qing Dynasty is kind and lenient, and the king's decree is consistent with the merits and crimes, and the past will not be investigated. I hope you will still control Datong, wash away your worries, and do your best to repay the country's great kindness."
Jiang Xiang surrendered Datong to the Qing court, and then defeated the Dashun army in Yulin, Shaanxi. Not only was his achievement unrewarded, but he was also highly suspected. He was full of resentment, but he had to "kowtow to express gratitude".
In March of the 20th year of Chongzhen, the Qing government ordered that "officials in Beijing with a third rank or above, and officials abroad such as governors, governors, and generals" should each "send one of their parents and children to serve as guards in order to learn Manchu etiquette, test their talents, and appoint them as envoys." /p>
If you want hostages, give them hostages.
After receiving the order from the Ministry of War, Jiang Xiang did not dare to neglect and sent his eldest son Jiang Zhisheng to Beijing.
The Qing court was still worried and deprived him of his military power, and asked Geng Yin, the governor of Xuanda, and Wu Weihua, the governor of Shanshan and Shaanxi, to control the Datong garrison.
Jiang Xiang didn't dare to say anything and just rested at home obediently. When he was bored, he just boxed.
If you are so respectful to the Qing court, you should be able to live in peace, right?
One early morning in November of the 21st year of Chongzhen, Jiang Xiang got up early, had a boxing session in the yard, and was about to wash up and have a meal.
Younger brother Jiang Youguang ran over in a hurry.
"Brother, it's a disaster! The regent sent Prince Azig of England, Prince Duanzhong Bolo, Chengze County Prince Shuosei, Duoluo County Prince Wakda and others to lead troops to guard Datong. Four kings came at once. Is this coming for you?"
Jiang Xiang was stunned: "Did you tell me why?"
"It is said that the two Chuhus from Khalkha and Mongolia invaded the border."
After listening to his brother's words, Mr. Jiang became more and more uneasy the more he thought about it.
"Quickly, invite the two Mr. Li."
The two Li Gongs refer to Li Jiantai and Li Yukui.
Li Jiantai, courtesy name Fuyu, was born in Quwo, Shanxi. He was a Jinshi in the fifth year of Tianqi's reign and a bachelor of Dongge in the Chongzhen Dynasty. He was known in history as having a "strong character" and a "generous temperament", but that was limited to his words.
Like Jiang Xiang, he is always in trouble.
After Li Chuang captured Taiyuan, Emperor Chongzhen asked who would dare to supervise the army to suppress the bandits. No minister dared to answer, so Li Shutai generously asked for orders.
As a result, when they arrived near Baoding, they found that the Chuang army was so powerful that they were so frightened that they stopped moving forward. Later, they simply surrendered Li Chuang. When the Qing army came over, they surrendered to the Qing Dynasty. Anyone can be surrendered as long as there is an official to do it.
After surrendering to the Qing Dynasty, he was called to be a bachelor of the inner academy. Soon after, the political struggle failed and he was dismissed from office.
With no official position, Academician Li was very angry. The Ming Dynasty was better! He wanted to rebel against the Qing Dynasty and restore the Ming Dynasty.
Li Yukui, courtesy name Yifu and nickname Heting, was born in Pinglu, Shanxi. He was a Jinshi scholar in the second year of Tianqi's reign and served as governor of Ningxia.
He was a good official, and he redressed many unjust cases during his tenure. The people praised him as "Yam Luo Bao Lao", and some even built him a shrine.
Governor Li, like Grand Scholar Li, wants to restore the Ming Dynasty.
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In the Datong General Military Mansion, Jiang Xiang, Jiang Lin (brother Jiang Xiang), Jiang Youguang, Li Jiantai, and Li Yukui discussed the matter.
"Commander, you are here with bad intentions. The Qing court is definitely here for you," Li Jiantai said seriously.
"That's right, how can we need four vassal kings to come together for the little two Chuhu? Xiangzhuang's sword dance is meant for Pei Gong!" Li Yukui also said.
Jiang Xiang sighed leisurely: "I have handed over the military power, won't the Qing government let me go?"
"Alas! The only blame is you, Marshal. You once supported King Zaoqiang and violated Dorgon's taboo."
"Now that Jin Shengheng and Li Chengdong are rebelling, Dorgon is worried that you will imitate them, so he sent the Four Kings to bring so many troops. As soon as they enter Datong, the first thing they will do is to deal with you, the commander-in-chief!"
Everyone talked a lot, but the central idea was the same: the Qing army was coming for Marshal Jiang, and their lives were about to be lost.
"Third brother, the Qing government won't give us a way to survive, so we should just rebel!"
"Third brother, if we don't take action, our whole family will be dead."
"Commander, if you keep cutting off, you will suffer chaos. Strike first to gain strength, but strike later will suffer disaster!"
Seeing that everyone was urging him to rebel, Jiang Xiang nodded, and suddenly sighed: "But Geng Yin and Wu Weihua are both in the city. These two are not easy to deal with!"
Geng Yan, the governor of Xuanda, and Wu Weihua, the governor of Shanshan and Shaanxi, opposed Jiang Xiang at every turn and tightly controlled the Datong garrison.
"It doesn't matter." Li Jiantai smiled slightly, "The third day of December is the day to inspect the forage. The two thieves are leaving the city to inspect the forage at the military camp outside the city. You can choose to start at that time."
Jiang Xiang still hesitated a little: "Even if the uprising succeeds and the soldiers of the four kings arrive, what will happen?"
Li Jiantai said impassionedly: "Now that the whole world is rebelling, the imperial court has imposed heavy taxes to raise troops in Shanxi, and everyone in Jin resents it. If you raise an army, your followers will surely gather in large numbers. Why are you afraid of the four kings? I am willing to go to my hometown in Quwo to raise an army in response to the commander-in-chief.
”.
Li Yukui also said: "I will also go back to my hometown in Pinglu to raise troops to support the commander-in-chief."
Jiang Xiang was overjoyed: "That's great! With the help of the two gentlemen, there's no need to worry about failure!"
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On the third day of December, Geng Yin, the governor of Xuanda, went out of the city to inspect the grass. Before setting off, he suddenly felt a little uneasy. Could there be any trouble?
After a while, Geng Yin laughed. "I don't want to say anything, but I'm so powerful and so powerful." What's wrong with me?
Then he left the city and headed to the military camp.
As soon as he left, Jiang Xiang beat the drum to gather the generals.
"Dong, dong, dong"
Following the sound of drums, the generals entered the military tent and immediately felt that something was wrong in the atmosphere.
Jiang Xiang stood with his sword in his hand, Jiang Lin, and Jiang Youguang led their soldiers, like wolves and tigers.
"The Tartars have invaded China, and the people have been suffering for a long time! I am willing to lead you to change the crown and restore the Ming Dynasty. Are you willing to follow me?"
Although Jiang Xiang was relieved of his military power, the troops stationed in Datong were all his old troops, so naturally they all expressed their willingness.
Therefore, Jiang Xiang closed the city gate tightly, ordered "Yi Guanfu", called himself a general, and openly raised the banner of anti-Qing.
In front of the Xuanda Governor's Mansion, General Yang Zhenwei reported.
"Commander, all the members of the pseudo-general chief Geng Yin's family have arrived."
Jiang Xiang looked at the dozens of people kneeling in front of the door, and felt extremely happy. After being surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, he was often treated badly by Geng Yin and others.
"Geng Yin, Geng Yin, you too have today!"
Marshal Jiang pinched Geng Yin's youngest son's face fiercely, and ordered Yang Zhenwei: "Kill them all without leaving any one behind!"
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Shanxi's anti-Qing general leader Jiang Xiang rebelled, and the whole province was shocked. The world has been suffering for a long time! Responders abound.
Li Jiantai raised troops in Quwo and persuaded Yicheng to surrender.
Li Yukui recruited volunteers in Pinglu, recaptured Tongguan and Pu, and liberated the two states.
In northwest Shanxi, Wan Lian, an old general of the Ming Dynasty, occupied Pianguan Pass and captured Ningwu, Kelan, and Baode successively. Jiang Xiang appointed Wan Lian as Pianguan Road.
In Jinzhong, Liu Qian, an old general of the Ming Dynasty, captured Yanmen Pass, Daizhou, Fanzhi, and Wutai, threatening Taiyuan, and was appointed General of the Left by Jiang Xiang.
Liu Qian's troops were so powerful that Zhu Shichang, the governor of Shanxi Province in the Qing Dynasty, said in a newspaper: "Suddenly, Liu Qian, the deputy general of the Ming Dynasty, falsely claimed to be recruiting a puppet general. He made false claims and gathered rabble every day... On the tenth day of the lunar month,
The rebel Liu Qian led about ten thousand horse-riding thieves and besieged Daizhou for eleven days before entering the pass."
Wutai, Xinzhou, Yuxian, and Ningwu all accepted Jiang Xiang's official position. Rebels were everywhere, and Li Gang, the general of the Xuanfu of the Qing Dynasty, and Li Haoxian, the general of Taiyuan, could not suppress them. "In Taiyuan County, the only one who defended the city was Yuci, and it was pacified.
Leping, Taiyuan, Guoxian, and Yuxian are the only ones."
In the southeastern part of Shanxi, Hu Guoding gathered in Lu'an and brought disaster to Lianqin's genus; Chen Du, Zhang Douguang and others led troops to conquer Zezhou; Niu Guangtian conquered Pingshun, all under Jiang Xiang's orders. Fen, Lu, Ze, Liao and other counties and cities rose up at the same time.
p>
In the area from southwestern Shanxi, from Puzhou to Hancheng in Shaanxi, Yu Yin, Han Zhaoxuan, Li Qisheng and others heard the news and responded. They supported Zhu Jingli, a member of the Ming Dynasty clan, as the king of Han.
Meng Qiaofang, the Governor-General of the Three Borders of Shaanxi Province in the Qing Dynasty, reported: "Yu Yin, the puppet military commander of the six provinces, Han Zhaoxuan, the puppet governor-general, Feng Ruhuan, the puppet commander-in-chief, etc., captured Puzhou and Pu belongs to Linjin and other counties, and falsely claimed 280,000."
For a time, almost all of Shanxi Province, except for the provincial capital Taiyuan and a few cities, was occupied by volunteers.
The Italian Martino had a different view on the reason why Jiang Xiang launched an army. He said that it was because Prince Azig of England had snatched the bride of Jiang Xiang's men. Jiang went to ask for her, but was kicked out. He was so angry that he was a beauty, and he was angry.
Raise troops.
Martino recorded in "Tatar Conquest": "The women of Datong are known as the most beautiful women in China. The Eight Kings (Azig) and their followers raped prostitutes at will. A bride with status was removed from the sedan chair by them.
Jiang Xiang personally came to his house to ask for his life, but was kicked out. Jiang Xiang couldn't bear it any longer and became furious. He vowed to use Tatar blood to wash away his shame, and immediately led his soldiers to his house to kill anyone they saw.
.Azig was so frightened that he ran away from the city wall.
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The wave of anti-Qing and restoration of Ming dynasties in Shanxi quickly spread to other provinces.
The rebel Wei Shijun and others sent an army into Henan, took over Wu'an, Lin County, and Shexian County, and appointed county magistrates, garrison and other civil and military officials.
Shaanxi is even more chaotic.
Wang Yongqiang, the camp commander of Yan'an camp in the Qing Dynasty, "conspired with Xiang". Wang Zhengzhi, the governor of Yansui in the Qing Dynasty, and Shen Wenhua, the commander-in-chief of Yansui, sent him to lead the cavalry to Shenmu, Fugu and other places to defend the river. He took the opportunity to occupy Yulin and killed Wang Zhengzhi and Shen Wenhua.
He Jingyuan Dao Xia Shifang, "calls himself the General of Recruitment".
Immediately he led his troops south, and together with Wang Yongzhen of Yan'an and Shenmu Gao Youcai, occupied Yan'an Prefecture and killed the prefect Song Congxin.
The rebel army gained momentum and took over 19 prefectures and counties in northern Shaanxi in a short period of time, appointing civil and military officials at all levels below the governor level.
Wang Yongqiang also sent some troops to cross the Yellow River to support the Shanxi rebels. The rebels from Qin and Jin provinces united together.
Gansu and Qinghai are also in chaos.
Gansu Hui generals Milayin, Ding Bingdong and others supported the Ming Dynasty clan extension king Zhu Shidong and launched a great uprising against the Qing Dynasty.
The rebel army conquered Ganzhou (today's Zhangye), Liangzhou (today's Wuwei), and Suzhou (today's Jiuquan). Zhang Wenheng, the governor of Gansu in the Qing Dynasty, Liu Liangchen, the commander-in-chief of Gansu, Mao Bin, the deputy commander-in-chief of Liangzhou, and Pan Yunteng, the deputy commander-in-chief of Suzhou,
Lin Weizao of Ganliang Dao, Zhang Pengyi of Xining Dao, and others were all captured and killed.
Then the rebel army led its troops eastward and broke through Lanzhou, killing fellow magistrate Zhao Chongxue and county magistrate Zhao Chong; they even defeated Lintao, Hezhou (now Linxia, Gansu), Taozhou (near today's Lintan, Gansu), and Minzhou (now Minxian), and besieged
Gongchang Mansion. The rebel army was so powerful that it scared Fan Zhi, the Langdao of Qingzhuang, who even gave up his official seal and went out of the city to hide in a cave.
The Qing court's rule in Gansu almost completely collapsed.
After capturing Gansu, the rebel army took advantage of the victory and marched south to Qinghai, attacking Datong and "threatening Huangzhong" (today's Xining City), but was repelled by the Qing army.
This chapter has been completed!